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ProSy: API-Based Synthesis with Probabilistic Model

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第6期35卷 1234-1257页

作者： bin-bin liu Wei Dong Jia-Xin liu Ya-Ting Zhang Dai-Yan Wang College of Computer Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410072China Key Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems College of Computer ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410072China

Program synthesis is an exciting topic that desires to generate programs satisfying user intent automatically. But in most cases, only small programs for simple or domain-specific tasks can be synthesized. The major obstacle of synthesis lies in the huge search space. A common practice in addressing this problem is using a domain-specific language, while many approaches still wish to synthesize programs in general programming languages. With the rapid growth of reusable libraries, component-based synthesis provides a promising way, such as synthesizing Java programs which are only composed of APIs (application programming interfaces). However, the efficiency of searching for proper solutions for complex tasks is still a challenge. Given an unfamiliar programming task, programmers would search for API usage knowledge from various coding resources to reduce the search space. Considering this, we propose a novel approach named ProSy to synthesize API-based programs in Java. The key novelty is to retrieve related knowledge from Javadoc and Stack Overflow and then construct a probabilistic reachability graph. It assigns higher probabilities to APIs that are more likely to be used in implementing the given task. In the synthesis process, the program sketch with a higher probability will be considered first;thus, the number of explored reachable paths would be decreased. Some extension and optimization strategies are further studied in the paper. We implement our approach and conduct several experiments on it. We compare ProSy with SyPet and other state-of-the-art API-based synthesis approaches. The experimental results show that ProSy reduces the synthesis time of SyPet by up to 80%.

关键词： application programming interface(API)-based program Petri net probabilistic reachability graph program synthesis

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Warm deformation behavior and work-softening mechanism of Fe- 6.5wt.%Si alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2020年第3期27卷 342-354页

作者： Xiang-ju Shi Yong-feng Liang bin-bin liu Bao Zhang Feng Ye State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Warm deformation behavior of the Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy was studied by isothermal compression in the temperature range of 300-700℃.The results show that the influence of the ordered phases on the flow stress gradually weakens with increasing deformation *** flow stress of the furnace-cooled sample with the high degree of order at 300℃is higher than that of the quenched sample with the low degree of order,and the flow stresses of both samples are nearly the same at 500-700℃.The hardness difference between two samples deformed at 500℃gradually decreases with increasing strain,accompanying with a reduction in hardness of the furnace-cooled sample,which indicates a work-softening *** analyses of dislocation configurations and ordered structure suggest that the dynamic recovery and deformation-induced disorder result in the work-softening *** appropriate deformation temperature window for improving the formability of the Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy is about 500-600℃.

关键词： Fe-6.5wt.%Si alloy Work softening Ordered structure Dynamic recovery Anti-phase boundary Dislocation

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Interactive Effects of Drought Stresses and Elevated CO_2 Concentration on Photochemistry Efficiency of Cucumber Seedlings

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1307-1317页

作者： Qing-Ming Li bin-bin liu Yang Wu Zhi-Rong Zou College of Horticulture Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming of the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling 712100 China College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China

To reveal and quantify the interactive effects of drought stresses and elevated CO2 concentration [CO2] on photochemistry efficiency of cucumber seedlings, the portable chlorophyll meter was used to measure the chlorophyll content, and the Imaging-PAM was used to image the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light response curves （RLC） of leaves in two adjacent greenhouses. The results showed that chlorophyll content of leaves was reduced significantly with drought stress aggravated. Minimal fluorescence （Fo） was increased while maximal quantum yield of PSII （Fv/Fm） decreased significantly by severe drought stress. The significant decrease of effective quantum yield of PSII （Y（Ⅱ）） accompanied by the significant increase of quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation （Y（NPQ）） was observed under severe drought stress condition, but there was no change of quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation （Y（NO））. We detected that the coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP） decreased, and non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） increased significantly under severe drought stress. Furthermore, we found that maximum apparent electron transport rate （ETRmax） and saturating photosynthetically active radiation （PPFDsat） decreased significantly with drought stress aggravated. However, elevated [CO2] significantly increased FvlFm, qP and PPFDsat, and decreased NPQ under all water conditions, although there were no significant effects on chlorophyll content, Fo, Y（Ⅱ）, Y（NPQ）, Y（NO） and ETRmax. Therefore, it is concluded that CO2-fertilized greenhouses or elevated atmospheric [CO2] in the future could be favorable for cucumber growth and development, and beneficial to alleviate the negative effects of drought stresses to a certain extent.

关键词： chlorophyll fluorescence cucumber seedlings drought stresses elevated CO2 concentration photochemistry efficiency.

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One-step construction of strongly coupled Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4)/MXene heterostructure via in-situ Co-F bonds for high performance all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 682-691页

作者： Ji Zhou bin-bin liu Hu Zheng Wen-Qing Ma Qian Li Cai-Xia Xu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan250022China

Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) composite was easily synthesized via one-step succinct-operated hydrothermal *** interconnected Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4) nanowires network can in-situ grow and anchor on the surface of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) via the strong Co-F bonds and contribute tremendously to depress Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) *** from the synergistically interplayed effect among the multiple interfaces and high conductivity of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) as well as outstanding stability of the as-designed nanostructure,the optimum Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)electrode reaches a commendable specific capacitance(up to 3800 mF·cm^(−2)),great rate capability(80%capacitance retention after 20-times current increasing),and preeminent cycling stability(95.4%/85.5%retention at 7000th/20,000th cycle).Moreover,the all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor based on Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and active carbon can deliver a high energy density of 84.0μWh·cm^(−2) at the power energy of 3.2 mW·cm^(−2),and excellent cycling durability with 87.0%of initial capacitance retention upon 20,000 *** work provides a practicable pathway to tailor MXene-based composites for high-performance supercapacitor.

关键词： Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)/Co_(3)O_(4) Heterostructure Cathode Supercapacitor

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Isolation and Characterization of a New Heterotrophic Nitrifying Bacillus sp. Strain

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期20卷 450-455页

作者： YAN LIN HAI-NAN KONG YI-LIANG HE bin-bin liu YUHIE INAMORI LI YAN School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Biotechnology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba 305-8506 Ibaraki Japan

Objective To characterize the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria. Methods The bacteria were isolated from membrane bioreactor for treating synthetic wastewater using the method newly introduced in this study. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） was used to validate the nonexistence of autotrophic ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers. Batch tests were carried out to investigate the capability of heterotrophic nitrification by the pure culture. Phylogenetic analysis of the pure culture was performed. Results A heterotrophic nitrifier, named Bacillus sp. LY, was newly isolated from the membrane bioreactor system in which the efficiency of TN removal was up to 80%. After 24-day, incubation, the removal efficiency of COD by Bacillus sp. LY was 71.7 %. The ammonium nitrogen removal rate after assimilation nearly ceased by Bacillus sp. LY was 74.7% The phylogenetic tree of Bacillus sp. LY and the neighbouring nitrifiers were given. Conclusions The batch test results indicate that Bacillus sp. LY can utilize the organic carbon as the source of assimilation when it grows on glucose and ammonium chloride medium accompanying the formation of oxidized-nitrogen. It also can denitrify nitrate while nitrifying. Bacillus sp. LY may become a new bacterial resource for heterotrophic nitrification and play a bioremediation role in nutrient removal.

关键词： 16S rDNA Aerobic denitrification Bacillus Heterotrophic nitrification Phylogenetic analysis

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Topological hinge modes in Dirac semimetals

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Frontiers of physics 2023年第1期18卷 85-95页

作者： Xu-Tao Zeng Ziyu Chen Cong Chen bin-bin liu Xian-Lei Sheng Shengyuan A.Yang School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science School of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Dirac semimetals(DSMs)are an important class of topological states of ***,focusing on DSMs of band inversion type,we investigate their boundary modes from the effective model *** show that in order to properly capture the boundary modes,k-cubic terms must be included in the effective model,which would drive an evolution of surface degeneracy manifold from a nodal line to a nodal *** k-cubic terms are also needed for better exposing the topological hinge modes in the *** first-principles calculations,we demonstrate that this feature and the topological hinge modes can be clearly exhibited inβ-*** extend the discussion to magnetic DSMs and show that the time-reversal symmetry breaking can gap out the surface bands and hence is beneficial for the experimental detection of hinge ***,we show that magnetic DSMs serve as a parent state for realizing multiple other higher-order topological phases,including higher-order Weyl-point/nodal-line semimetals and higher-order topological insulators.

关键词： topological hinge Dirac semimetals

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Abnormal Systemic and Ocular Responses to the Valsalva Manoeuvre in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma:A Case for Autonomic Failure?

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Current Medical Science 2023年第2期43卷 376-383页

作者： bin-bin liu Bo-wen ZHAO Fei-peng WU Tian HU Yin ZHAO Hong ZHANG Department of Ophthalmology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective This study aimed to examine the association of primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG)with autonomic dysfunction by assessing the differences in systemic and ocular responses to an autonomic provocation test,the Valsalva manoeuvre(VM),between POAG patients and normal *** Forty POAG and forty control subjects were subjected to the *** and ocular parameters were measured at baseline,phase 2,and phase 4 of the VM(VM2 and VM4),where VM2 and VM4 are sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activation states,*** rate variability was used to assess the autonomic nervous activity,among which the high-frequency component(HF)and the low-frequency(LF)/HF ratio were used as indices of parasympathetic and sympathetic activation,*** POAG patients demonstrated higher sympathetic activation(LF/HF ratio median:2.17 vs.1.53,P=0.000)than controls at baseline and exhibited attenuated sympathetic and parasympathetic responses(a smaller change in LF/HF and HF values)during the VM than *** VM,the intraocular pressure(IOP),mean blood pressure(MAP),mean ocular perfusion pressure(MOPP),and the Schlemm’s canal area(SCAR)increased from baseline to VM2 and then decreased from VM2 to VM4 in both the POAG and control groups(all P<0.05).However,when we compared the changes above,the fluctuations in IOP,MAP,and MOPP were more pronounced in POAG than in controls(all P<0.05),while the changes in amplitudes of SCAR were smaller in POAG(P<0.05).Furthermore,from VM2 to VM4,the choroid thickness(ChT)in the POAG group was significantly decreased,while it was unchanged in normal subjects(P=0.258).A regression analysis showed a significant correlation of the baseline LF/HF with IOP change values(ΔIOP)from baseline to VM2 in POAG(R^(2)=0.147,P=0.014).Conclusion Patients with POAG showed more pronounced fluctuations in IOP,MAP,MOPP and ChT during the VM than *** reactions could be associated with autonomic dysfunction in POAG.

关键词： primary open-angle glaucoma Valsalva manoeuvre autonomic dysfunction intraocular pressure Schlemm’s canal

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Scaling analysis of current influence on Hastelloy surface roughness in electro-polishing process

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Rare Metals 2019年第2期38卷 142-150页

作者： Feng Feng Xiang-Song Zhang Ti-Ming Qu Yan-Yi Zhang Xiang Qian bin-bin liu Jun-Long Huang Ping-Fa Feng Division of Advanced Manufacturing Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University The State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Physics Tsinghua University

In this study, a series of Hastelloy tapes were electro-polished, and the dividing method was used to carry out a detailed investigation on the influence of polishing current(I) on root mean square(R_q) at various image scales(L). The electro-polishing is found to be effective mainly at L smaller than 10μm, where the R_q–I relationship could be fitted by an exponential decay function with a residual roughness value. An approximate model of electro-polishing process was established to interpret the exponential decay function. This study provides a quantified insight into the electro-polishing process, which could help to obtain more understanding of its mechanism.

关键词： Surface roughness Scaling analysis Root mean square Atomic force microscopy Electro-polishing

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Influence of vibration on spatiotemporal structure of the pattern in dielectric barrier discharge

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第7期28卷 339-344页

作者： Rong Han Li-Fang Dong Jia-Yu Huang Hao-Yang Sun bin-bin liu Yan-Lin Mi College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University

The influence of vibration on the spatiotemporal structure of the pattern in dielectric barrier discharge is studied for the first *** spatiotemporal structure of the pattern investigated by an intensified charge-coupled device shows that it is an interleaving of three sublattices, whose discharge sequence is small rods–halos–large spots in each half-cycle of the applied *** result of the photomultiplier indicates that the small rods are composed of moving *** moving mode of the moving filaments is determined to be antisymmetric stretching vibration by analyzing a series of consecutive images taken by a high-speed video *** antisymmetric stretching vibration affects the distribution of wall charges and leads to the ***, large spots are discharged only at the centers of the squares consisting of vibrating *** vibration mechanism of the vibrating filaments is dependent on the electric field of wall charges.

关键词： antisymmetric stretching vibration pattern dielectric barrier discharge

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Phylogenomic conflict analyses in the apple genus Malus *** widespread hybridization and allopolyploidy driving diversification,with insights into the complex biogeographic history in the Northern Hemisphere

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第5期64卷 1020-1043页

作者： bin-bin liu Chen Ren Myounghai Kwak Richard GJHodel Chao Xu Jian He Wen-bin Zhou Chien-Hsun Huang Hong Ma Guan-Ze Qian De-Yuan Hong Jun Wen State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Department of Botany National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionPO Box 37012Washington 20013–7012DCUSA Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China National Institute of Biological Resources Incheon 22689South Korea School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27965NCUSA State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologyCenter of Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Biology Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State University510D Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA College of Life Sciences Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China

Phylogenomic evidence from an increasing number of studies has demonstrated that different data sets and analytical approaches often reconstruct strongly supported but conflicting *** this study,785 single-copy nuclear genes and 75 complete plastomes were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and estimate the historical biogeography of the apple genus Malus sensu lato,an economically important lineage disjunctly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and involved in known and suspected hybridization and allopolyploidy *** nuclear phylogeny recovered the monophyly of Malus s.l.(including Docynia);however,the genus was supported to be biphyletic in the plastid *** ancient chloroplast capture event in the Eocene in western North America best explains the cytonuclear *** conflict analysis demonstrated that ILS,hybridization,and allopolyploidy could explain the widespread nuclear gene tree *** deep hybridization event(Malus doumeri)and one recent event(Malus coronaria)were detected in Malus ***,our historical biogeographic analysis integrating living and fossil data supported a widespread East Asianwestern North American origin of Malus *** the Eocene,followed by several extinction and dispersal events in the Northern *** also propose a general workflow for assessing phylogenomic discordance and biogeographic analysis using deep genome skimming data sets.

关键词： deep genome skimming genomic discordance historical biogeography massive extinction reticulate evolution single-copy nuclear genes

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