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Butterfly-plant interactions and body size patterns along an elevational gradient in the Manang region of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1115-1127页

作者： bimal raj shrestha Binu TIMSINA Zuzana MüNZBERGOVá Tomás DOSTáLEK Prakash GAUDEL Tej *** Maan B.ROKAYA Central Department of Zoology Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Department of Institute of Environmental Studies/Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenatska 212801 PragueCzech Republic Department of Biodiversity Research Global Change Research CentreCzech Academy of SciencesBelidla 4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of SciencesZamek 125243 PruhoniceCzech Republic

Butterflies are widely studied due to their key ecosystem *** this reason,they are used in ecosystem assessment,formulating conservation plans and in raising the environmental *** of different factors affecting diversity of butterflies is important for their effective *** this study,we investigated abiotic and biotic factors affecting species richness and community composition of butterflies along an elevational gradient in Manang region,central *** also tested if butterfly species follow the Bergmann’s rule.A total of 57 butterfly species belonging to 39 genera and 8 families were recorded in the study *** of a total of 127 plant species identified in the study region,only 67 plant species were visited by butterflies as nectar *** richness of butterflies increased with increasing *** richness was significantly higher in places with shrubs compared to other places and also in autumn than in *** richness of butterflies also depended on composition of plant species occurring at the *** species composition varied among sampling *** was also determined by habitat type,elevation,sampling time,plant species and interactions of elevation×*** relationship between butterfly size and elevation was in the opposite direction than expected according to the Bergmann’s *** conclusion,protection of butterfly diversity can only be achieved by protecting different habitats across the diverse physiography of the region and different plant species,in particular herbs and *** results do not support the Bergmann’s rule for butterflies along an elevational gradient in our region.

关键词： Lepidoptera Microhabitat Species richness Species composition Bergmann’s rule

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Erratum to:Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2449-2450页

作者： Finu shrestha GAO Xiao Narendra raj KHANAL Sudan Bikash MAHARJAN rajendra Bahadur shrestha WU Li-zong Pradeep Kumar MOOL Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) 44600 KathmanduNepal Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute(CAREERI) CASLanzhou 730000China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University44600 KirtipurNepal Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200135China

The article Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images,written by Finu shrestha,GAO Xiao,Narendra raj KHANAL,Sudan Bikash MAHARJAN,rajendra Bahadur shrestha,WU Li-zong,Pradeep Kumar MOOL and Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA,was originally erroneously published electronicaliy on the publisher's internet portal(currently SpringerLink)on 04 October 2017 without open access.

关键词： glacial basin images

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Characterization of glucose isomerase-producing bacteria and optimization of fermentation conditions for producing glucose isomerase using biomass

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Green Chemical Engineering 2023年第2期4卷 239-249页

作者： Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou Chonlong Chio Janak raj Khatiwada Sarita shrestha Xuantong Chen Hongwei Li Yuen Zhu Zi-Hua Jiang Chunbao(Charles)Xu Wensheng Qin Department of Biology Lakehead UniversityThunder BayONP7B 5E1Canada Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonONN6A 5B9Canada School of Environment and Resources Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China Department of Chemistry Lakehead UniversityThunder BayONP7B 5E1Canada

Glucose isomerase(GI)is an enzyme with high potential *** of GI producing bacteria with interesting properties from an industrial point of view is *** sp.,Paenarthrobacter sp.,Chryseobacterium sp.,Hymenobacter sp.,Mycobacterium sp.,and Stenotrophomonas *** isolated from soil *** of enzyme production yield was investigated in various fermentation conditions using response surface *** isolates exhibited maximum GI activity at 40℃,pH 6–8 after 4 days of incubation.A mixture of peptone/yeast extract or tryptone/peptone enhanced higher enzyme *** same trend was observed in fermentation medium containing 1%xylose or 2%–2.5%wheat *** study advanced the knowledge of these bacterial isolates in promoting wheat straw as feedstock for the bio-based industry.

关键词： Cellulolytic bacteria Glucose/xylose isomerase 16S rRNA Biomass conversion

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Azathioprine-induced pancytopenia:A case report

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第3期2卷 179-184页

作者： Keshav raj Sigdel Astha Thapa Agnimshwor Dahal Ramchandra Panthi Krishan Adhikari Pradeep shrestha Mipsang Lama Buddhi Poudyal Buddha Basnyat Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology Unit LagankhelPatan Academy of Health SciencesLalitpurNepal Department of Internal Medicine Hematology Unit LagankhelPatan Academy of Health SciencesLalitpurNepal Department of Internal Medicine Oxford Clinical Research Unit(OCRU)Patan Academy of Health SciencesLalitpurNepal

Azathioprine(AZA)is commonly used as immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Myelosuppression is a common side effect of *** we report a case of severe myelosuppression following AZA therapy in a 15-year-old girl despite a normal thiopurine methyltransferase(TPMT)*** had been receiving AZA for SLE and presented with neutropenic fever and *** was *** stopping AZA,her blood counts steadily *** TPMT genotyping results were normal,AZA was *** reappeared after starting AZA,despite normal TPMT *** was replaced with mycophenolate mofetil which consequently resulted in improvement of blood *** is essential to understand the temporal relationship between AZA use and pancytopenia onset in patients with normal TPMT *** case illustrates that regular monitoring of blood cell counts should be routine practice after starting AZA regardless of TPMT activity.

关键词： azathioprine systemic lupus erythematosus thiopurine methyltransferase

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Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin, central Himalaya, from 1977 to 2010, derived from Landsat satellite images

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第10期14卷 1969-1984页

作者： Finu shrestha GAO Xiao Narendra raj KHANAL Sudan Bikash MAHARJAN rajendra Bahadur shrestha WU Li-zong Pradeep Kumar MOOL Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) 44600 Kathmandu Nepal Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CAREERI) CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University 44600 Kirtipur Nepal Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200135 China

Changes in glacial lakes and the consequences of these changes, particularly on the development of water resources and management of glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF) risk, has become one of the challenges in the sustainable development of high mountain areas in the context of global warming. This paper presents the findings of a study on the distribution of, and area changes in, glacial lakes in the Koshi basin in the central *** on the number of glacial lakes and their area was generated for the years 1977, 1990, 2000, and 2010 using Landsat satellite images. According to the glacial lake inventory in 2010, there were a total of 2168 glacial lakes with a total area of 127.61 km^2 and average size of 0.06 km^2 in the Koshi basin. Of these,47% were moraine dammed lakes, 34.8% bedrock dammed lakes and 17.7% ice dammed lakes. The number of glacial lakes increased consistently over the study period from 1160 in 1977 to 2168 in 2010, an overall growth rate of 86.9%. The area of glacial lakes also increased from 94.44 km^2 in 1977 to 127.61 km^2 in 2010, a growth rate of 35.1%. A large number of glacial lakes in the inventory are small in size(≤ 0.1km^2). End moraine dammed lakes with area greater than 0.1 km^2 were selected to analyze the change characteristics of glacial lakes in the basin. The results show that, in 2010, there were 129 lakes greater than 0.1 km^2 in area; these lakes had a total area of 42.92km^2 in 1997, increasing to 63.28 km^2 in 2010. The distribution of lakes on the north side of the Himalayas(in China) was three times higher than on the south side of the Himalayas(in Nepal).Comparing the mean growth rate in area for the 33 year study period(1977-2010), the growth rate on the north side was found to be a little slower than that on the south side. A total of 42 glacial lakes with an area greater than 0.2 km^2 are rapidly growing between 1977 and 2010 in the Koshi basin, which need to be paid more attention to monitoring in the future an

关键词：喜马拉雅山冰川湖河流域年代际变化卫星图像 satellite central Landsat

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Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of aging, attitudes toward and perceptions of working with older adults in Kathmandu Nepal

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2019年第2期6卷 204-210页

作者： Saruna Ghimire Nitisha shrestha Karen E.Callahan Dhirendra Nath Binaya Kumar Baral Nirmala Lekhak Devendra raj Singh Agrata Health and Education(AHEAD)-Nepal KathmanduNepal School of Public Health University of NevadaLas VegasUSA Asian College for Advanced Studies Purbanchal UniversityLalitpurNepal Southeast Asia Development Actions Network(SADAN) LalitpurNepal Department of Biochemistry Nepal Medical College and Teaching HospitalKathmanduNepal School of Nursing University of NevadaLas VegasUSA

Objectives: This study aims to examine Nepalese undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of aging,attitudes towards older adults and perceptions of working with older adults,and to assess differences in these outcomes by socio-demographic characteristics as well as type of nursing ***: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 undergraduate nursing students in six nursing colleges located in the Kathmandu Valley,Knowledge of aging,attitudes toward older adults and perceptions of working with older adults were assessed using standardized tools,the Palmore Facts on Aging Quiz,Kogan's Attitudes towards Older People Scale,and Nolan's Intent to Work with Older People Questionnaire,***: The mean knowledge scores on older adults and aging were relatively low;participants scored an average of 26.9 out of *** assessing attitudes towards and perceptions of working with older adults were more *** to students pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN),students pursuing a Bachelor of Nursing (BN) had a significantly higher score on the knowledge,attitudes and perception of aging *** regression analyses showed that the students' knowledge of aging (β =0.55;95% CI =0.25-0.86) and perceptions of working with older adults (β =0.22;95% Cl =0.05 -0.38) had a significant positive association with their attitudes toward older ***: Undergraduate nursing students in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal displayed a relatively low level of knowledge,but a positive attitude towards older adults,and a positive perception of working with older *** differences in knowledge,attitude,and perception scores between students in BSN and BN programs needs further investigation;closing this gap may be important for bolstering undergraduate gerontological preparation in Nepal.

关键词： Aged Attitudes Knowledge Perceptions Students Nursing Nepal

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Assessment of Heavy Metals in Deep Groundwater Resources of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第4期7卷 516-531页

作者： Suman Man shrestha Kedar Rijal Megh raj Pokhrel Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal Central Department of Chemistry Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal

A study was carried out to address distribution of some heavy metals in deep groundwater resources of the Kathmandu Valley. Groundwater samples were analyzed for pH, ORP, EC, iron, manganese, zinc, and arsenic in 41 deep groundwater wells during pre monsoon and post monsoon seasons for two consecutive years. The study showed elevated concentrations of iron and manganese in the groundwater of the valley. The occurrence of elevated concentrations of arsenic was also exhibited and observed up to 0.160 mg/L. The spatial distribution patterns demonstrated elevated levels of EC, iron, manganese, zinc, and arsenic in central groundwater district (CGWD) of the valley. The monitored parameters except ORP are not significantly correlated with studied time series, inferring similar distribution of the metals. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to find out relationships among examined parameters and metals. The ORP has strong negative correlations with iron, manganese, and arsenic, suggesting reductive mobilization mechanism of the metals in the groundwater. PCA results showed that iron and manganese with high positive loading factors were due to common natural source of origin of these metals in the groundwater, while negative loading factors of pH and ORP indicated that iron and manganese mobilization was favorable in low pH and reducing environment. Cluster analysis (CA) evidenced high mineralization in most of the wells in the CGWD.

关键词： Heavy Metals Deep Groundwater Principal Component Analysis Cluster Analysis Mineralization

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Clinical Analysis of 73 Cases of Intraspinal Nerve Sheath Tumor

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2013年第2期33卷 258-261页

作者：刘建湘周海振杨述华邵增务郑启新杨操郜勇 shrestha raj Dhakal Rabi Mohan Department of Orthopedics Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Seventy-three patients with spinal nerve sheath tumor who were surgically treated in our hospital during the years 2004-2010 were retrospectively reviewed with respect to recovery of neurological function, recurrence of the tumor and occurrence of kyphotic deformities. Preoperative clinical manifestations, imaging data, surgical records and follow-up results were comprehensively analyzed. The follow-up duration was 12-60 months with an average of 32.0 months. Out of the 73 cases enrolled, 69 had gradual recovery of sensation, motor and sphincter functions 1 week to 3 months after operation. Forty-six cases had incomplete paralysis, whose American Spinal Injury Association （ASIA） grades, however, were gradually increased during the follow-up period, 4 cases had no significant improvement of the clinical symptoms and no change in ASIA grades during the follow-up period. Two cases had postoperative recurrence of the tumor. There were no deaths, no spinal instability, and no kyphotic malformations fotmd in any cases. Our study indicated that complete removal of the tumor is important for good recovery, and an ideal surgical method may reduce the recurrence of the tumor or the occurrence of complications.

关键词： intraspinal nerve sheath tumor surgical treatment clinical analysis

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Short Stem Hip Arthroplasty with Metha Implant, a Vantage Choice in Young Patients

Short Stem Hip Arthroplasty with Metha Implant, a Vantage Ch...

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作者： raj Krishna shrestha（冉杰）华中科技大学

学位级别：硕士

研究背景:作为目前治疗髋关节疾病的最有效的手术方案之一，全髋关节置换术在手术技术和假体设计方面仍在寻求进一步发展和完善。时至今日，假体的生物和机械设计已经取得了很大的进展。在最近十几年里，短柄关节的出现实现了一个飞越... 详细信息

研究背景:作为目前治疗髋关节疾病的最有效的手术方案之一，全髋关节置换术在手术技术和假体设计方面仍在寻求进一步发展和完善。时至今日，假体的生物和机械设计已经取得了很大的进展。在最近十几年里，短柄关节的出现实现了一个飞越，因为它具有骨质流失少，有利于后期翻修以及手术切口微创的优势，特别适合在年轻的病人上使用。然而，尽管其越来越受到外科医生的青睐，由于缺乏足够的分析和研究以证明其比传统的假体更有优势，短柄关节的使用仍然处于探索阶段，依然存在很多不确定因素。研究目的:分析一组年轻患者进行短柄人工髋关节置换术的临床和影像学结果。研究对象和方法：这项前瞻性研究的对象是在2011年1月-2012年6月期间，于武汉协和医院骨科进行短柄人工髋关节置换术的一组病例。我们统计了有29例病例，一共30个髋关节假体植入物，均使用Metha, Aesculap短柄关节，平均年龄为35.66±6.01岁.手术前后对于临床资料采集和影像学资料分析采用Harris髋关节评分系统，VAS疼痛评分，Steinberg分期和直接的X射线分析进行。研究结果:病人手术前后HHS评分从术前的48.03±7.97分提高至术后85.6±8.77分，平均随访时间为13.1±1.59个月。VAS疼痛评分（0-10）从术前的7.4±0.95显着提高至手术后1.33±0.97。长期随访发现，两例行短柄关节置换术的患者诉在登山过程中和坐立位时大腿外侧有轻微的疼痛。没有病例出现松动、假体周围骨折或其他并发症研究结论:从这项研究中，我们得出的结论是短柄关节假体Metha在THA中使用，术后临床效果和影像学表现均令人满意。同时由于其具有防止骨质流失、微创手术切口以及更有利后期翻修等特点，更适用于年轻患者。

关键词：人工全髋关节置换术短柄关节 Metha假体

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Assessment of Arsenic Contamination in Deep Groundwater Resources of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2015年第10期3卷 79-89页

作者： Suman Man shrestha Kedar Rijal Megh raj Pokhrel Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal Central Department of Chemistry Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal

This study was carried out to assess arsenic in deep groundwater resources in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal and to predict arsenic mobilization process in relation to iron, manganese, pH and ORP. Forty-one deep groundwater samples were collected during pre monsoon and post monsoon in 2013. The depths of the wells were ranged from 84 to 304 m. In pre monsoon and post monsoon, arsenic concentration in 17% and 26% of examined groundwater wells, respectively exceeded permissible World Health Organization (WHO) guideline value of 0.010 mg/L for drinking water. The concentrations of arsenic were in the range between < 0.003 to 0.137 mg/L. The study demonstrated elevated concentrations of iron and manganese in the groundwater. Arsenic is highly correlated with iron and manganese. The strong negative correlation between arsenic and ORP indicates that arsenic mobilization occurs under reducing condition. These distinct relationships indicate that arsenic release is considered to be affected by the reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides in the groundwater. Arsenic has very weak negative correlation with pH suggesting less effect of pH on arsenic mobilization. Arsenic is not significantly correlated with the season which infers similar distribution of arsenic in both seasons. Arsenic varies spatially in groundwater of the valley showing high concentrations in central groundwater district.

关键词： Arsenic Deep Groundwater Reductive Dissolution Kathmandu Valley

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