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Dimensional Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Mood Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders

International j.urnal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第12期4卷 571-576页

作者： bill j. duke Dennis Staton Child Psychopharmacology Institute Fargo USA Child Psychopharmacology Institute Fargo USA Lakeland Mental Health Center Moorhead USA

Obj.ctive: We sought to identify clinical discriminators between predominantly mood disordered and predominantly autism spectrum disordered research subj.cts that may reflect phenotypic state and treatment response characteristics. Method: Participants were 26 boys and 4 girls aged 2 to 18 years (Mean Age = 7.70). Subj.cts with DSM-IV diagnoses of Maj.r depression (N = 2), Bipolar Disorder (N = 4) and Mood Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) (N = 11) represented the mood disorder group (MD) (N = 17, Mean Age = 8.2) and those with diagnoses of Autistic Disorder (N = 1), Asperger’s Disorder (7) or Pervasive Developmental Disorder (NOS) (N = 3) comprised the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) group (N = 9, Mean Age = 6.8). Primary outcome measurements were continuous actigraphic measurements collected over one to three week periods. Secondary outcomes included personality and observational measurements. Personality characteristics reflected significant cross-group impairments related to self-control and self-discipline and differed relative to intellectual measures. Observational measurements reflected greater general impairments among the ASD group. Results: Predominantly mood disordered children demonstrated greater impairments related to sleep (P = 0.000) and sleep onset latency (P = 0.000) and were more active than ASD children during evening periods (P = 0.000). ASD children had lower verbal functioning and greater deviations from the norm on measures of cognitive development (P = 0.003) and psychosis (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Sleep disturbances, evening activity levels and phase delayed sleep appear to differentiate predominant mood and autism spectrum disordered children suggesting future areas for further exploration of neurological and phenotypic treatment response characteristics.

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorders Mood Disorders Children Actigraphy Sleep

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Developing a new agenda for increased food and climate security

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 35-54页

作者： William j.DAVIES Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK

In many countries, political and environmental pressures are currently combining to generate a perfect storm of circumstances that is reducing food availability, increasing food costs and thereby reducing the availability of food to many. The UK is currently considering new national food and land management policies, and attention is also being given to legislation to address diet-related health issues. Many now argue for a revolution in UK farming practices to reduce their impact on the natural environment. The UK is not alone in facing these and other challenges. Both the contribution of agriculture to greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and the effects of climate change on food production are issues receiving worldwide *** agricultural practices can result in greater C capture, reduced GHG emissions, enhanced soil quality and enhanced biodiversity. However, it is questioned if such farming systems will be productive enough to feed a growing population with the food required for social and health benefits. To fully exploit the impact of new plant science in farmer fields, it is imperative to effectively link science to farming practices and conduct a broader conversation around the food revolution with social scientists and with the general public.

关键词： Climate resilience food security human health planetary health regenerative agriculture

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Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 83-92页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe j.dica?l Agossou Adj.avi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanj. Ogega Obed M. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses Otomo Patricks Voua Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African Mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental j.stice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

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Innovative pathways allow safe discharge of mild acute pancreatitis from the emergency room

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1475-1479页

作者： Darshan j.Kothari Sunil G Sheth Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a leading cause of gastrointestinal-related hospitalizations in the United States,resulting in 300000 admissions per year with an estimated cost of over$2.6 billion *** severity of AP is determined by the presence of pancreatic complications and end-organ *** moderate/severe pancreatitis can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality,the maj.rity of patients have a mild presentation with an uncomplicated course and mortality rate of less than 2%.Despite favorable outcomes,the maj.rity of mild AP patients are admitted,contributing to healthcare cost and *** this Editorial we review the performance of an emergency department(ED)pathway for patients with mild AP at a tertiary care center with the goal of reducing hospitalizations,resource utilization,and costs after several years of implementation of the *** discuss the clinical course and outcomes of mild AP patients enrolled in the pathway who were successfully discharged from the ED compared to those who were admitted to the hospital,and identify predictors of successful ED discharge to select patients who can potentially be triaged to the *** conclude that by implementing innovative clinical pathways which are established and reproducible,selected AP patients can be safely discharged from the ED,reducing hospitalizations and healthcare costs,without compromising clinical *** also identify a subset of patients most likely to succeed in this pathway.

关键词： Emergency department Mild pancreatitis Pathways Hospitalization Predictors

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Development of a six drillhead roof bolting machine

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International j.urnal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 37-41页

作者： Kyslinger bill A. j.H.Fletcher&Co. HuntingtonWV25722USA

In underground mining, machine design is predominantly dictated by mine conditions and individual customer desires. In partnership with Foresight Energy, j. H. Fletcher & Company was tasked to design and manufacture a new roof bolting machine with six independent drilling apparatus on board capable of drilling and bolting the roof and ribs with material handling. The obj.ctive was to produce a machine capable of drilling and installing six bolts simultaneously with a limited number of operators. The goal of the mine is to decrease the time to bolt a cut to improve the safety level of the current roof bolting method, improve efficiency and to improve the bottom line cost of entry development. The customer wanted four drills at the front of the machine dedicated to installing roof bolts and then another two drills behind them dedicated to rib bolts. This dictated the requirement of latched controls, which would allow the operator to start drilling one hole and then latch the controls to be able to move on to the *** result of the design is a machine with a single platform and six independent masts with drillheads:four masts strictly for drilling and installing roof bolts on the front of the platform and two masts on the back of the platform for rib bolts. The controls at each operator's station include a latch control for drilling. The six-head roof bolter allows fewer operators to drill and install roof and rib bolts, which in turn lowers the miners' roof exposure per cut. This design reduces the operator's exposure from the inherent pinch points and rotary hazards once he has engaged the latch drilling. Therefore, the machine will help to decrease the time to bolt a cut, improving productivity while enhancing the ability to operate the machine safely.

关键词： Roof bolter MiningSix-head FletcherLatched Material handling

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Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim j.hn B.Finlay Tiffany Ko Bradley j.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a maj.r site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

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Role of aminopeptidase N-like in the acquisition of begomoviruses by Bemisia tabaci,the whitefly vector

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 707-719页

作者： Yun-Yun Fan Yao Chi Na Chen Wilmer j.Cuellar Xiao-Wei Wang Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Zhej.ang Tianmushan National Nature Reserve Administration HangzhouChina Institute of Plant Protection Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina Virology Laboratory Cassava ProgramInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT)PalmiraColombia

Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus(SLCMV)is a prominent causative agent of cassava mosaic disease in Asia and relies on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci cryptic complex for its ***,the molecular mechanisms involved in SLCMV transmission by *** have yet to be *** this study,we identified an aminopeptidase N-like protein(BtAPN)in *** Asia II 1,an efficient vector of SLCMV,which is involved in the SLCMV transmission *** the use of glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay and LC-MS/MS analysis,we demonstrated the interaction between BtAPN and the coat protein(CP)of *** interaction was further confirmed in vitro,and we observed an induction of BtAPN gene expression following SLCMV *** interfering with the function of BtAPN,the quantities of SLCMV were significantly reduced in various parts of *** Asia II 1,including the whole body,midgut,hemolymph,and primary salivary ***,we discovered that BtAPN is conserved in *** Middle East-Asia Minor 1(MEAM1)and interacts with the CP of tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV),a begomovirus known to cause severe damage to tomato *** BtAPN with antibody led to a significant reduction in the quantities of TYLCV in whitefly whole body and organs/*** results demonstrate that BtAPN plays a generic role in interacting with the CP of begomoviruses and positively regulates their acquisition by the whitefly.

关键词： BtAPN coat protein SLCMV TYLCV virus acquisition whitefly

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Explaining variation in productivity requires intraspecific variability in plant height among communities

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j.urnal of Plant Ecology 2022年第2期15卷 310-319页

作者： Li Zhang Xiang Liu Shurong Zhou bill Shipley College of Resources and Environment Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036 China 2State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-EcosystemInstitute of Innovation EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 China 3Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental PlantsMinistry of EducationCollege of ForestryHainan UniversityHaikou 570228 China 4Département de BiologieUniversitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQC J1K 2R1Canada

While recent studies have shown the importance of intraspecific trait variation in the processes of community assembly,we still know little about the contributions of intraspecific trait variability to ecosystem ***,we conducted a functional group removal experiment in an alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over 4 years to investigate the relative importance of inter-and intraspecific variability in plant height for *** split total variability in plant height within each of 75 manipulated communities into interspecific variability(TV_(inter))and intraspecific variability within a community(ITV_(within)).Community-weighted mean height among communities was decomposed into fixed community-weighted mean(CWM_(fixed))and intraspecific variability among communities(ITV_(among)).We constructed a series of generalized additive mixed models and piecewise structural equation modeling to determine how trait variability(***_(inter),ITV_(within),CWM_(fixed) and ITV_(among))indirectly mediated the changes in productivity in response to functional group *** productivity was not only affected directly by treatment manipulations,but also increased with both inter-and intraspecific variability(***_(fixed) and ITV_(among))in plant height *** suggests that both the‘selection effect’and a‘shade-avoidance syndrome’can incur higher CWM_(fixed) and ITV_(among),and may simultaneously operate to regulate *** findings provide new evidence that,besides interspecific variability,intraspecific trait variability in plant height also plays a role in maintaining net primary productivity.

关键词： aboveground net primary productivity alpine meadow interspecific trait variability intraspecific trait variability plant height

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朗文国际英语教程视听教程

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2012年

作者： bill Bliss[编] Steven j. Molinsky

本书真实场景，真人拍摄，为学生提供最贴近生活的视频内容，让学生进入视听读结合的全方位英语学习氛围。单元后提供视频脚本，方便学生检查自己的理解情况。

ISBN: (数字)9787544623612

ISBN: (纸本)9787544623612

关键词：英语课听力中小学教学参考资料

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The role of the hedgehog/patched signaling pathway in epithelial stem cell proliferation: from fly to human

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Cell Research 1998年第1期8卷 15-21页

作者： PARISI MICHAEL j.HAIFAN LIN (Depariment of Cell Biology, Box 3709, duke University,Medical Center Durham, N.C. 27710, USA) Department of Cell Biology Box 3709 Duke University Medical Center Durham N.C. 27710 USA

The hedgehog-patched (hh-ptc) intercellular signaling pathway has recently been shown to control the proliferation of epithelial stem cells in both Drosophila and vertebrates. Mutant and ectopic expression analyses in Drosophila suggest that the HH protein diffuses from the signaling cells to promote the proliferation of nearby ovarian somatic stem cells by antagonizing the suppression of its receptor PTC towards the CI transcription factor in the stem cells. Consequently, the transcription of CIdependent genes leads to stem cell proliferation. This regulatory pathway appears to function also in vertebrates,where defects in ptc cause basal cell carcinoma, tumors of epidermal stem cell origin. Basal cell carcinoma can also be induced by ectopic expression of Sonic hedgehog (shh) or Glil, the vertebrate homolog of ci. These studies suggest the conservation of the hh signaling pathway in controlling epithelial stem cell divisions among different organisms.

关键词： Stem cell epithelia hedgehog patched Drosophila vertebrate

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