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Structural Engineering of Anode Materials for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries:Mechanisms,Strategies,and Prospects

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 169-195页

作者： Guan wang Guixin wang Linfeng Fei Lina Zhao Haitao Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering Hefei UniversityHefei 230601People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870People’s Republic of China

The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contributed to explore novel anode materials with high electronic conductivity and rapid Li^(+)diffusion kinetics for achieving favorable low-temperature performance of LIBs.Herein,we try to review the recent reports on the synthesis and characterizations of low-temperature anode materials.First,we summarize the underlying mechanisms responsible for the performance degradation of anode materials at subzero temperatures.Second,detailed discussions concerning the key pathways(boosting electronic conductivity,enhancing Li^(+)diffusion kinetics,and inhibiting lithium dendrite)for improving the low-temperature performance of anode materials are presented.Third,several commonly used low-temperature anode materials are briefly introduced.Fourth,recent progress in the engineering of these low-temperature anode materials is summarized in terms of structural design,morphology control,surface&interface modifications,and multiphase materials.Finally,the challenges that remain to be solved in the field of low-temperature anode materials are discussed.This review was organized to offer valuable insights and guidance for next-generation LIBs with excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance.

关键词： Low-temperature performance Anode materials Microstructural regulations Surface modifications

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Control of fine particulate nitrate during severe winter haze in“2+26”cities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 261-269页

作者： Chuang Qin Xiao Fu Tao wang Jian Gao Jiaqi wang Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 99907China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 10084China

The“2+26”cities,suffering the most severe winter haze pollution,have been the key region for air quality improvement in China.Increasing prominent nitrate pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in this region,necessitating development of an effective control strategy.Herein,we use observations,and state-of-the-art model simulations with scenario analysis and process analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the future SO_(2)-NO_(X)-VOC-NH_(3) emission control on nitrate pollution mitigation in“2+26”cities.Focusing on a serious winter haze episode,we find that limited NO_(X)emission reduction alone in the short-term period is a less effective choice than VOC or NH_3emission reduction alone to decrease nitrate concentrations,due to the accelerated NO_(X)-HNO_(3)conversion by atmospheric oxidants and the enhanced HNO_(3)to NO_(3)^(-)partition by ammonia,although deep NO_(X)emission reduction is essential in the long-term period.The synergistic NH_(3) and VOC emission control is strongly recommended,which can counteract the adverse effects of nonlinear photochemistry and aerosol chemical feedback to decrease nitrate more.Such extra benefits will be reduced if the synergistic NH_(3) and VOC reduction is delayed,and thus reducing emission of multiple precursors is urgently required for the effective control of increasingly severe winter nitrate pollution in“2+26”cities.

关键词： Nitrate Winter haze pollution Emission reduction “2+26”cities

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北京市元宝槭和紫丁香叶片的功能性状和生态化学计量比及养分重吸收效率的城乡梯度差异

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林业科学 2024年第2期60卷 42-54页

作者：王泽锦冉堃于淼张碧嘉冀莉李品林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室、森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室、干旱半干旱地区森林培育及生态系统研究国家林草局重点实验室、北京林业大学北京100083

【目的】探究城市典型观赏树种养分限制沿城乡环境梯度的响应差异,以期为城市化下的城市森林观赏树种养分管理提供科学依据。【方法】分别于夏季和秋季沿北京城区–近郊–远郊梯度上采集典型观赏树种元宝槭和紫丁香的成熟叶和凋落叶,测... 详细信息

【目的】探究城市典型观赏树种养分限制沿城乡环境梯度的响应差异,以期为城市化下的城市森林观赏树种养分管理提供科学依据。【方法】分别于夏季和秋季沿北京城区–近郊–远郊梯度上采集典型观赏树种元宝槭和紫丁香的成熟叶和凋落叶,测定其6种叶片功能性状(叶鲜质量、叶干质量、叶面积、比叶面积、比叶质量、叶片含水率)和6种营养元素含量[(碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)],计算元素的化学计量比值和养分重吸收效率,比较元宝槭和紫丁香在叶片功能性状、生态化学计量特征以及养分重吸收效率上的差异;分析年均温度、年降水量、年均太阳辐射量等环境因子与元宝槭和紫丁香叶片功能性状、生态化学计量特征以及养分重吸收效率的相关性。【结果】叶片功能性状、营养元素含量及其化学计量比值对城市化有显著响应,且存在种间差异。沿城区到远郊梯度,元宝槭和紫丁香成熟期叶鲜质量、叶干质量、叶面积、比叶面积、叶片含水率整体呈上升趋势,而比叶质量降低。凋落期元宝槭叶片的叶鲜质量和叶干质量沿城乡梯度逐渐降低;紫丁香凋落叶的叶干质量和比叶质量在城乡梯度上呈先升高后降低的趋势,叶面积则逐渐变小。2个树种凋落叶的比叶面积均沿城乡梯度先降低后升高。元宝槭和紫丁香成熟叶的N和K含量在近郊低于城区和远郊;元宝槭成熟叶的P和Mg含量在城乡梯度上变化不显著,而紫丁香成熟叶的P和Mg含量在近郊显著高于城区和远郊。元宝槭凋落叶P和Mg含量沿城乡梯度无明显变化;紫丁香凋落叶P含量在近郊显著高于城区和远郊,而Mg含量在远郊显著低于城区和近郊。元宝槭和紫丁香凋落叶K含量在城乡梯度上均先降低后升高。2个树种N、P、K、Ca和Mg 5种营养元素的养分重吸收效率沿城乡梯度无明显差异。【结论】城市化导致元宝槭和紫丁香的叶片变小。2个树种的生长均受N限制,城区的元宝槭和远郊的紫丁香具有更强的耐旱性,2个树种在不同梯度上K、Ca和Mg的重吸收效率均低于全球平均水平,元宝槭对营养元素的重吸收能力强于紫丁香。与叶片养分含量和养分重吸收效率相比,叶片功能性状与环境因子的关系更为密切。

关键词：城乡梯度叶片生态化学计量养分重吸收观赏树种

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Nitrogen‑Doped Magnetic‑Dielectric‑Carbon Aerogel for High‑Efficiency Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 313-327页

作者： Shijie wang Xue Zhang Shuyan Hao Jing Qiao Zhou wang Lili Wu Jiurong Liu Fenglong wang Key Laboratory for Liquid‑Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen 518057GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

Carbonbased aerogels derived from biomass chitosan are encountering a flourishing moment in electromagnetic protection on account of lightweight,controllable fabrication and versatility.Nevertheless,developing a facile construction method of component design with carbon-based aerogels for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption(EWA)materials with a broad effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)and strong absorption yet hits some snags.Herein,the nitrogen-doped magnetic-dielectric-carbon aerogel was obtained via ice template method followed by carbonization treatment,homogeneous and abundant nickel(Ni)and manganese oxide(MnO)particles in situ grew on the carbon aerogels.Thanks to the optimization of impedance matching of dielectric/magnetic components to carbon aerogels,the nitrogen-doped magnetic-dielectric-carbon aerogel(Ni/MnO-CA)suggests a praiseworthy EWA performance,with an ultra-wide EAB of 7.36 GHz and a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of−64.09 dB,while achieving a specific reflection loss of−253.32 dB mm−1.Furthermore,the aerogel reveals excellent radar stealth,infrared stealth,and thermal management capabilities.Hence,the high-performance,easy fabricated and multifunctional nickel/manganese oxide/carbon aerogels have broad application aspects for electromagnetic protection,electronic devices and aerospace.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave absorption Wide bandwidth Dielectric-magnetic synergy Multifunction

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Repeated inoculation with rumen fluid accelerates the rumen bacterial transition with no benefit on production performance in postpartum Holstein dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 795-811页

作者： Fanlin Kong Feiran wang Yijia Zhang Shuo wang Wei wang Shengli Li Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193PR China College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095PR China

Background The dairy cow’s postpartum period is characterized by dramatic physiological changes,therefore imposing severe challenges on the animal for maintaining health and milk output.The dynamics of the ruminal microbiota are also tremendous and may play a crucial role in lactation launch.We aim to investigate the potential benefits of early microbial intervention by fresh rumen microbiota transplantation(RMT)and sterile RMT in postpartum dairy cows.Twelve fistulated peak-lactation dairy cows were selected to be the donors for rumen fluid collection.Thirty postpartum cows were divided into 3 groups as the transplantation receptors respectively receiving 10 L fresh rumen fluid(FR),10 L sterile rumen fluid(SR),or 10 L saline(CON)during 3 d after calving.Results Production performance,plasma indices,plasma lipidome,ruminal microbiome,and liver transcriptome were recorded.After fresh and sterile RMT,we found that the molar proportion of propionic acid was increased on d 7 in the FR and SR groups and the bacterial composition was also significantly changed when compared with the CON group.A similarity analysis showed that the similarities between the CON group and FR or SR group on d 7 were 48.40%or 47.85%,whereas the similarities between microbiota on d 7 and 21 in the FR and SR groups were 68.34%or 66.85%.Dry matter intake and feed efficiency were not affected by treatments.Plasmaβ-hydroxybutyrate concentration in the FR group was decreased and significantly different lipids mainly included phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine containing polyunsaturated fatty acids.Hepatic transcriptomics analysis indicated acutephase response pathways were upregulated in the SR group.Conclusions Our study suggests that RMT can shorten the transition process of the ruminal microbiota of postpartum dairy cows with no benefit on dry matter intake or feed efficiency.Inoculation with rumen fluid may not be a useful approach to promote the recovery of postpartum dairy cows.

关键词： Dairy cow Lipidomics Liver Rumen microbiota transplantation Transition period

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Melatonin improves synapse development by PI3K/Akt signaling in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1618-1624页

作者： Luyi wang Man Xu Yan wang Feifei wang Jing Deng Xiaoya wang Yu Zhao Ailing Liao Feng Yang Shali wang Yingbo Li Institute of Neuroscience Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pediatric Chongqing University Fuling HospitalChongqingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongSichuan ProvinceChina NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research InstituteChongqingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.

关键词： autism Ctnnd2 deletion GABAergic neurons melatonin PI3K/Akt signal pathway prefrontal cortex social behavior spine density synaptic-associated proteins

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Effects of serum proteins on corrosion rates and product bioabsorbability of biodegradable metals

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 132-148页

作者： Hongjie Zhang Xin Li Zehua Qu Wanqian Zhang Qunsong wang Dinglingge Cao Yaoben wang Xin wang Yang wang Lin Yu Jiandong Ding State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Corrodible metals are the newest kind of biodegradable materials and raise a new problem of the corrosion products.However,the removal of the precipitated products has been unclear and even largely ignored in publications.Herein,we find that albumin,an abundant macromolecule in serum,enhances the solubility of corrosion products of iron in blood mimetic Hank’s solution significantly.This is universal for other main biodegradable metals such as magnesium,zinc and polyester-coated iron.Albumin also influences corrosion rates in diverse trends in Hank’s solution and normal saline.Based on quantitative study theoretically and experimentally,both the effects on corrosion rates and soluble fractions are interpreted by a unified mechanism,and the key factor leading to different corrosion behaviors in corrosion media is the interference of albumin to the Ca/P passivation layer on the metal surface.This work has illustrated that the interactions between metals and media macromolecules should be taken into consideration in the design of the next-generation metal-based biodegradable medical devices in the formulism of precision medicine.The improved Hank’s solution in the presence of albumin and with a higher content of initial calcium salt is suggested to access biodegradable metals potentially for cardiovascular medical devices,where the content of calcium salt is calculated after consideration of chelating of calcium ions by albumin,resulting in the physiological concentration of free calcium ions.

关键词： biodegradable metal macromolecule albumin corrosion bioabsorbability iron polylactide magnesium zinc

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The reformation of catalyst:From a trial-and-error synthesis to rational design

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3261-3301页

作者： Ligang wang Jiabin Wu Shunwu wang Huan Liu Yao wang Dingsheng wang Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The appropriate catalysts can accelerate the reaction rate and effectively boost the efficient conversion of various molecules,which is of great importance in the study of chemistry,chemical industry,energy,materials and environmental science.Therefore,efficient,environmentally friendly,and easy to operate synthesis methods have been used to prepare various types of catalysts.Although previous studies have reported the synthesis and characterization of the aforementioned catalysts,more still remain in trial and error methods,without in-depth consideration and improvement of traditional synthesis methods.Here,we comprehensively summarize and compare the preparation methods of the trial-and-error synthesis strategy,structure–activity relationships and density functional theory(DFT)guided catalysts rational design for nanomaterials and atomically dispersed catalysts.We also discuss in detail the utilization of the nanomaterials and single atom catalysts for converting small molecules(H_(2)O,O_(2),CO_(2),N_(2),etc.)into value-added products driven by electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and thermocatalysis.Finally,the challenges and outlooks of mass preparation and production of efficient and green catalysts through conventional trial and error synthesis and DFT theory are featured in accordance with its current development.

关键词： trial-and-error synthesis structure–activity relationships density functional theory(DFT)guidance nanomaterials atomically dispersed catalysts

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Manipulating Crystal Growth and Secondary Phase PbI_(2)to Enable Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Natural Additives

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 432-448页

作者： Yirong wang Yaohui Cheng Chunchun Yin Jinming Zhang Jingxuan You Jizheng wang Jinfeng wang Jun Zhang Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Nanjing University Nanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200People’s Republic of China

In perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the inherent defects of perovskite film and the random distribution of excess lead iodide(PbI_(2))prevent the improvement of efficiency and stability.Herein,natural cellulose is used as the raw material to design a series of cellulose derivatives for perovskite crystallization engineering.The cationic cellulose derivative C-Im-CN with cyano-imidazolium(Im-CN)cation and chloride anion prominently promotes the crystallization process,grain growth,and directional orientation of perovskite.Meanwhile,excess PbI_(2)is transferred to the surface of perovskite grains or formed plate-like crystallites in local domains.These effects result in suppressing defect formation,decreasing grain boundaries,enhancing carrier extraction,inhibiting non-radiative recombination,and dramatically prolonging carrier lifetimes.Thus,the PSCs exhibit a high power conversion efficiency of 24.71%.Moreover,C-Im-CN has multiple interaction sites and polymer skeleton,so the unencapsulated PSCs maintain above 91.3%of their initial efficiencies after 3000 h of continuous operation in a conventional air atmosphere and have good stability under high humidity conditions.The utilization of biopolymers with excellent structure-designability to manage the perovskite opens a state-of-the-art avenue for manufacturing and improving PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite Solar cells Defect passivation Biomass additives Crystal orientation

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Effects of higher femoral tunnels on clinical outcomes,MRI,and second-look findings in double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a minimal 5-year follow-up

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 465-472页

作者： Lin Lin Haijun wang Jian wang Yongjian wang Yourong Chen Jiakuo Yu Sports Medicine Department Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports InjuriesPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Peking University Institute of Sports Medicine Beijing 100191China

Background:To perform anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR),tunnels should be placed relatively higher in the femoral anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)footprint based on the findings of direct and indirect femoral insertion.But the clinical results of higher femoral tunnels(HFT)in double-bundle ACLR(DB-ACLR)remain unclear.The purpose was to investigate the clinical results of HFT and lower femoral tunnels(LFT)in DB-ACLR.Methods:From September 2014 to February 2016,83 patients who underwent DB-ACLR and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into HFT-ACLR(group 1,n=37)and LFT-ACLR(group 2,n=46)according to the position of femoral tunnels.Preoperatively and at the final follow-up,clinical scores were evaluated with International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),Tegner activity,and Lysholm score.The stability of the knee was evaluated with KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift test.Cartilage degeneration grades of the International Cartilage Repair Society(ICRS)were evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Graft tension,continuity,and synovialization were evaluated by second-look arthroscopy.Return-to-sports was assessed at the final follow-up.Results:Significantly better improvement were found for KT-2000,Lachman test,and pivot-shift test postoperatively in group 1(P>0.05).Posterolateral bundles(PL)showed significantly better results in second-look arthroscopy regarding graft tension,continuity,and synovialization(P0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in IKDC subjective score,Tegner activity,and Lysholm score between the two groups.Higher return-to-sports rate was found in group 1 with 86.8%(32/37)vs.65.2%(30/46)in group 2(P=0.027).Conclusion:The HFT-ACLR group showed better stability results,better PL,and higher return-to-sports rate compared to the LFT-ACLR group.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Direct insertion Double bundle Second-look arthroscopy Femoral tunnel Anterior cruciate ligament rupture

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