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Modulating Traffic Signal Phases to Realize Real-Time Traffic Control System

Journal of Transportation Technologies 2017年第1期7卷 26-35页

作者： Rajendra S. Parmar bhushan H. trivedi Gujarat Technology University (GTU) Ahmedabad India GLS Institute of Computer Technology Ahmedabad India

This paper proposes innovations to address challenges emanating from road traffic congestion. Improving economies create more car owners resulting in increased automobile manufacturing, increased vehicle population giving rise to higher emission of CO2 resulting in traffic congestion. Congested traffic has idling vehicles which emit higher CO2 and pollution. Besides, traffic congestion increases turnaround time, delivery time, commuting time and related logistical aspects. Commuting time negatively impacts working hours. Unless the traffic congestion is mitigated, the economy will take a beating creating a vicious ecology cycle. Building new roads, bridges or reconditioning of infrastructure is not always the best possible solutions. Efficient traffic management is a key to country’s economic growth. Various analytical models are employed to study, appreciate traffic congestion. The paper studies these models to infer that real time approach is the only solution. Several approaches are being worked on and few commercial systems too are available. These systems provide traffic information for course correction. However, it has latency and hence deviates from real time environment. Traffic congestion being highly dynamic in nature, it necessitates real time solution with real time inputs. It is proposed to integrate Real time traffic data with the traffic signal thus modulating the cycle timings at every junction. Deviation from static asymmetric cycle timing is implemented by assigning green phases based on density of vehicles. With minimalistic infrastructure and negligible incremental cost, the paper not only proposes to address traffic congestion but also paves the way for capturing traffic offenses, vehicle tracking and toll collection. The research is imminently realizable and makes a strong case for a PPP (Public Private Partnership) project.

关键词： Vehicular Traffic Vehicular Congestion Detection System Vehicular Congestion Detection System Vehicle Mobility Sensors Traffic Signals Intelligent Traffic Signals DynamicTraffic Assignment

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Shortest Alternate Path Discovery through Recursive Bounding Box Pruning

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2017年第2期7卷 167-180页

作者： Rajendra S. Parmar bhushan H. trivedi Gujarat Technology University (GTU) Ahmedabad India Gujarat Law Society Institute of Computer Technology Ahmedabad India

Congestion is a dynamic phenomenon and hence efficiently computing alternate shortest route can only help expedite decongestion. This research is aimed to efficiently compute shortest path for road traffic network so that congestion can be eased resulting in reduced CO2 emission and improved economy. Congestion detection is achieved after evaluating road capacity and road occupancy. Congestion index, a ratio of road occupancy to road capacity is computed, congestion index higher than 0.6 necessitates computation of alternate shortest route. Various algorithms offer shortest alternate route. The paper discusses minimization of graph based by removing redundant nodes which don’t play a role in computation of shortest path. The proposal is based on continuous definition of a bounding box every time a next neighboring node is considered. This reduces maximum number of contentious nodes repeatedly and optimizes the network. The algorithm is deployed from both the ends sequentially to ensure zero error and validate the shortest path discovery. While discovering shortest path, the algorithm also offers an array of shortest path in ascending order of the path length. However, vehicular traffic exhibits network duality viz. static and dynamic network graphs. Shortest route for static distance graph is pre-computed and stored for look-up, alternate shortest path based on assignment of congestion levels to edge weights is triggered by congestion index. The research also supports directed graphs to address traffic rules for lanes having unidirectional and bidirectional traffic.

关键词： Bounding Box Pruning Geometric Containers Shortest Alternate Path Shortest Path Vehicular Traffic Vehicular Congestion Detection System Vehicular Congestion Detection System

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A Model with Traffic Routers, Dynamically Managing Signal Phases to Address Traffic Congestion in Real Time

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2018年第1期8卷 75-90页

作者： Rajendra S. Parmar bhushan trivedi Aleksandar Stevanovic Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad India GLS Institute of Computer Technology Ahmedabad India Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton FL USA

On-road Vehicular traffic congestion has detrimental effect on three lifelines: Economy, Productivity and Pollution (EPP). With ever increasing population of vehicles on road, traffic congestion is a major challenge to the economy, productivity and pollution, notwithstanding continuous developments in alternative fuels, alternative sources of energy. The research develops accurate and precise model in real time which computes congestion detection, dynamic signaling algorithm to evenly distribute vehicle densities while ensuring avoidance of starvation and deadlock situation. The model incorporates road segment length and breadth, quality and achievable average speed to compute road capacity. Vehicles installed with GPS enabled devices provide their location, which enables computing road occupancy. Road occupancy is evaluated based on number of vehicles as well as area occupied by vehicles. Ratio of road occupancy and road capacity provides congestion index important to compute signal phases. The algorithm ensures every direction is serviced once during a signaling cycle ensuring no starvation. Secondly, the definition of minimum and maximum signal timings ensures against dead lock situation. A simulator is developed to validate the proposition and proves it can ease congestion by more than 50% which is better than any of the contemporary approaches offering 15% improvement. In case of higher congestion index, alternate routes are suggested based on evaluation of traffic density graphs for shortest route or knowledge database. The algorithm to compute shortest route is optimized drastically, reducing computation cost to 3*√2N vis-à-vis computation cost of N2 by classical algorithms. The proposal brings down the cost of implementation per traffic junction from USD 30,000 to USD 2000.

关键词： Dynamic Traffic Assignment Intelligent Transportation Systems Intelligent Vehicles Road Traffic Control Road Traffic Sensing Traffic Management Vehicle Detection Vehicle Routing Traffic Signals Vehicular Congestion Detection System Vehicular Traffic Vehicle Mobility Sensors

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New Chain Imputation Methods for Estimating Population Mean in the Presence of Missing Data Using Two Auxiliary Variables

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2023年第2期11卷 325-340页

作者： Shashi bhushan Abhay Pratap Pandey Department of Mathematics and Statistics Dr.Shakuntala Misra National Rehabilitation UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Statistics Ramanujan College University of DelhiNew DelhiIndia

This article deals with some new chain imputation methods by using two auxiliary variables under missing completely at random(MCAR)*** proposed generalized classes of chain imputation methods are tested from the viewpoint of optimality in terms of *** proposed imputation methods can be considered as an efficient extension to the work of Singh and Horn(Metrika 51:267-276,2000),Singh and Deo(Stat Pap 44:555-579,2003),Singh(Stat A J Theor Appl Stat 43(5):499-511,2009),Kadilar and Cingi(Commun Stat Theory Methods 37:2226-2236,2008)and Diana and Perri(Commun Stat Theory Methods 39:3245-3251,2010).The performance of the proposed chain imputation methods is investigated relative to the conventional chain-type imputation *** theoretical results are derived and comparative study is conducted and the results are found to be quite encouraging providing the improvement over the discussed work.

关键词： Missing data Imputation MCAR

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Efficient Scalable Template-Matching Technique for Ancient Brahmi Script Image

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1541-1559页

作者： Sandeep Kaur Bharat bhushan Sagar Department of CSE Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchi835215India

Analysis and recognition of ancient scripts is a challenging task as these scripts are inscribed on pillars,stones,or *** recognition systems can help in preserving,sharing,and accelerate the study of the ancient scripts,but lack of standard dataset for such scripts is a major *** many scholars and researchers have captured and uploaded inscription images on various websites,manual searching,downloading and extraction of these images is tedious and error *** search queries return a vast number of irrelevant results,and manually extracting images for a specific script is not *** paper proposes a novelmultistage system to identify the specific set of script images from a large set of images downloaded from web *** proposed system combines the two most important pattern matching techniques-Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT)and Template matching,in a sequential pipeline,and by using the key strengths of each technique,the system can discard irrelevant images while retaining a specific type of images.

关键词： Brahmi script SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform) multi-scale template matching web scraping

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Search of Novel Model for Integrative Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第3期20卷 170-178页

作者： bhushan Patwardhan Gururaj Mutalik Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Pune Former Director WHO Liaison Office New York

This article provides global and Indian scenario with strengths and limitations of present health care system. Affordability, accessibility and availability of health care coupled with disproportionate growth and double burden of diseases have become major concerns in India. This article emphasizes need for mindset change from illness-disease-drug centric curative to person-health-wellness centric preventive and promotive approaches. It highlights innovation deficit faced pharmaceutical industry and drugs being withdrawn from market for safety reasons. Medical pluralism is a growing trend and people are exploring various options including modern, traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. In such a situation, knowledge from Ayurveda, yoga, Chinese medicine and acupuncture may play an important role. We can evolve a suitable model by integrating modern and traditional systems of medicine for affordable health care. In the larger interest of global community, Indianand Chinese systems should share knowledge and experiences for mutual intellectual enrichments and work together to evolve a novel model of integrative medicine.

关键词： Ayurveda Chinese medicine integrative medicine healthcare

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Synthesis,characterization and application of Lagerstroemia speciosa embedded magnetic nanoparticle for Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption from aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 283-293页

作者： Shalini Srivastava Shashi bhushan Agrawal Monoj Kumar Mondal Department of Botany Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India

Lagerstroemia speciosa bark（LB） embedded magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation of Fe2＋ and Fe3＋ salt solution with ammonia and LB for Cr（Ⅵ） removal from aqueous *** native LB,magnetic nanoparticle（MNP）,*** embedded magnetic nanoparticle（MNPLB） and Cr（Ⅵ） adsorbed MNPLB particles were characterized by SEM-EDX,TEM,BET-surface area,FT-IR,XRD and TGA *** analysis confirmed nearly spherical shape of MNP with an average diameter of 8.76 nm and the surface modification did not result in the phase change of MNP as established by XRD analysis,while led to the formation of secondary particles of MNPLB with diameter of 18.54 *** results revealed covalent binding between the hydroxyl group of MNP and carboxyl group of LB particles and further confirmed its physico-chemical nature favorable for Cr（Ⅵ） *** Cr（Ⅵ） adsorption on to MNPLB particle as an adsorbent was tested under different contact time,initial Cr（Ⅵ） concentration,adsorbent dose,initial pH,temperature and agitation *** results of the equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption were well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model,*** thermodynamic parameters suggest spontaneous and endothermic nature of Cr（Ⅵ）adsorption onto *** maximum adsorption capacity for MNPLB was calculated to be 434.78 mg/g and these particles even after Cr（Ⅵ） adsorption were collected effortlessly from the aqueous solution by a *** desorption of Cr（Ⅵ）-adsorbed MNPLB was found to be more than 93.72%with spent MNPLB depicting eleven successive adsorption-desorption cycles.

关键词： Lagerstroemia speciosa Magnetic nanoparticles Co-precipitation Cr(Ⅵ) ions Adsorption capacity

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Nonlocal thermo-elastic constitutive relation of fibre-reinforced composites

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第1期36卷 176-187页

作者： Linjuan Wang Jifeng Xu Jianxiang Wang bhushan LKarihaloo State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China CAPT-HEDPS and IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center of MoECollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Beijing Aeronautical Science and Technology Research Institute Beijing100083China School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

The effective properties of composite materials have been predicted by various micromechanical *** composite materials of constituents which are described by the classical governing equations of the local form,the conventional micromechanical schemes usually give effective properties of the local ***,it is recognized that under general loading conditions,spatiotemporal nonlocal constitutive equations may better depict the macroscopic behavior of these *** this paper,we derive the thermo-elastic dynamic effective governing equations of a fibre-reinforced composite in a coupled spatiotemporal integral *** coupled equations reduce to the spatial nonlocal peridynamic formulation when the microstructural inertial effects are *** static deformation and steady-state heat conduction,we show that the integral formulation is superior at capturing the variations of the average displacement and temperature in regions of high gradients than the conventional micromechanical *** approach can be applied to analogous multi-field coupled problems of composites.

关键词： Nonlocal theory Thermoelasticity Composite materials Constitutive equations

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Assessing foundation behaviour under complex loading near tunnels

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第10期21卷 3503-3520页

作者： Piyush KUMAR Vinay bhushan CHAUHAN Aayush KUMAR Civil Engineering Department Madan Mohan Malaviya University of TechnologyGorakhpur 273010India

The stability of strip footings subjected to eccentrically inclined loads is critical for reliable foundation *** study investigates the effect of a circular unlined tunnel in a rock mass on the ultimate bearing capacity(UBC)of a foundation with width B under inclined and eccentric *** finite element limit analysis was employed to evaluate the reduction in UBC of the footing resting above a *** examined critical parameters include normalized load eccentricity(e/B),load inclination(β),and horizontal and vertical distances of the tunnel from the foundation(P/B and Q/B,respectively),along with rock mass *** results reveal that for e/B≥0.25 and β≤60°,the reduction coefficient,R_(c)≥0.90,suggesting that the presence of a tunnel has a minimal impact on the load-bearing capacity of the footing,with failure primarily governed by load eccentricity and ***,potential failure mechanisms are explored,showing that at lower e/B,higher β,and lower Q/B,the tunnel significantly affects footing's failure ***,at higher e/B and lower β,failure is due to rotational effects of footing,regardless of the tunnel's *** predict the Rc more accurately,due to the time-consuming nature of direct calculations,both MLR and ANN models were *** MLR model provided a baseline for comparison,while the ANN model,with a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.98,demonstrated superior accuracy compared to the R2=0.96 of *** both approaches ensured robust and efficient predictions of *** Rc does not directly provide the reduced UBC of footing due to presence of tunnel,the study introduced bearing capacity factor(Nc)to enable direct calculation of the reduced UBC of *** findings offer theoretical guidelines for preliminary design and provide practitioners with an effective tool for evaluating UBC reduction in complex loading scenarios involving tunnels.

关键词： Unlined tunnel Shallow foundation FELA Rock Mass ANN MLR

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Biodiverse rotifer assemblage (Rotifera： Eurotatoria) of floodplain lakes of the Brahmaputra basin of lower Assam, northeast India： composition and ecosystem diversity

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第2期36卷 362-375页

作者： bhushan kumar sharma shaikhul islam khan sumita sharma Freshwater Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology North-Eastern Hill University Shillong-793 022 Meghalaya Indi

The study aims to ascertain the hypothesis on the rich rotifer biodiversity of the floodplain lakes （beels） of the Brahmaputra river basin and to use these metazoans to assess trophic status or to characterize habitat variations of wetlands. The plankton samples collected from four beels of lower Assam revealed 160 Rotifera species belonging to 35 genera and 19 families. The richness is of biodiversity value as -38.0% and -57.0% of the rotifer species known till date from India and northeast India （NEI）, respectively. One species each is new to the Oriental region and NEI, and three species are new to Assam; 23 species merit global biogeography interest and several exhibit distribution values in the Indian sub-region. The diverse Lecanidae 〉 Brachionidae 〉 Lepadellidae 〉 Trichocercidae and speciose littoral-periphytic Lecane〉 Lepadella〉Trichocerca, and richness of Brachionus spp. following removal of aquatic macrophytes are noteworthy. Overall rotifer composition showed homogeneity amongst beels while lower monthly richness and community similarities affirmed heterogeneity within individual beels. We propose L/B quotient based on Lecane： Brachionus species ratios to characterize habitat variations of the sampled wetlands. Slfide^ek＇s B/T quotient based on Brachionus： Trichocerca species ratios affirmed general ＇meso-trophic＇ status of different beels. Our results provided little insight on the influence of individual abiotic factors but the canonical correspondence analyses asserted higher cumulative influence of ten abiotic parameters on Rotifera richness in each beel.

关键词： B/T quotient L/B quotient intensive fishing habitat disturbance interesting taxa richness tropical beels

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