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Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A review of recent paradigms and advances in epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第23期27卷 3158-3181页

作者： Nikhil gupta Raghav Yelamanchi Department of Surgery Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalDelhi 110001India

Pancreatic cancer is one of the dreaded malignancies for both the patient and the *** five-year survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDA)is as low as 2%despite multimodality treatment even in the best *** per the Global Cancer Observatory of the International Agency for Research in Cancer estimates of pancreatic cancer,by 2040,a 61.7%increase is expected in the total number of cases *** the widespread availability of next-generation sequencing,the entire genome of the tumors is being sequenced regularly,providing insight into their *** invasive PDA arises from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and mucinous neoplasm and intraductal papillary neoplasm,screening for them can be beneficial as the disease is curable with resection at an early *** preoperative biliary drainage has no role in patients suffering from PDA with obstructive *** performed,metallic stents are preferred over plastic *** invasive procedures are preferred to open procedures as they have less *** duct-to-mucosa technique for pancreaticojejunostomy is presently widely *** role of intraperitoneal drains after surgery for PDA is *** chemoradiotherapy has been proven to have a significant role both in locally advanced as well as in resectable *** new regimens and drugs have been added in the arsenal of chemoradiotherapy for metastatic *** roles of immunotherapy and gene therapy in PDA are being *** review article is intended to improve the understanding of the readers with respect to the latest updates of PDA,which may help to trigger new research ideas and make better management decisions.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Chemoradiotherapy Pancreaticoduodenectomy Distal pancreatectomy

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Two-Dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Model for Droplet Impingement and Breakup in Low Density Ratio Liquids

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第8期10卷 767-784页

作者： Amit gupta Ranganathan Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyNew DelhiIndia 110016 Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

A two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model has been employed to simulate the impingement of a liquid drop on a dry *** a range of Weber number,Reynolds number and low density ratios,multiple phases leading to breakup have been *** analytical solution for breakup as function of Reynolds and Weber number based on the conservation of energy is shown to match well with the *** the moment breakup occurs,the spread diameter is maximum;it increases with Weber number and reaches an asymptotic value at a density ratio of *** breakup is found to be more viable for the case when the wall is non-wetting or neutral as compared to a wetting *** breakup,the distance between the daughter droplets is much higher for the case with a non-wetting wall,which illustrates the role of the surface interactions in the outcome of the impact.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann droplet impingement spread factor breakup

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Modified grey wolf optimised adaptive super-twisting sliding mode control of rotary inverted pendulum system

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Journal of Control and Decision 2023年第2期10卷 270-279页

作者： Neha gupta Lillie Dewan Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetraIndia

This paper proposes a modified grey wolf optimiser-based adaptive super-twisting sliding mode control algorithm for the trajectory tracking and balancing of the rotary inverted pendulum *** super-twisting sliding mode algorithm severely alleviates the chattering present in the classical sliding mode *** provides robustness against model uncertainties and external disturbances with the knowledge of the upper bounds of the uncertainties and *** gains of the super-twisting sliding mode algorithm are selected through adaptive *** of the adaption law are tuned using a modified grey wolf optimisation algorithm,a meta-heuristic optimisation *** stability analysis is carried out to analyse the overall control system *** performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared with two other sliding mode control strategies present in the literature,therein showing better performance of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： Rotary inverted pendulum super-twisting sliding mode control adaptive control grey wolf optimisation Lyapunov stability

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Ethnobotanical and phytopharmacological review of Scindapsus officinalis(“Gajapippali”)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 78-85页

作者： Kuljeet Kaur Rajiv gupta School of Pharmacy BBD University(Earlier Faculty of PharmacyBabu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and Management)Lucknow226028India

Scindapsus of ficinalis(S. officinalis) holds a reputed position in Ayurvedic system of medicine. It has been ethanobotanically used to treat diarrhea("atisara"), worm infestation("krmiroga"), and as antipyretic. Literature survey on S. officinalis was carried out via electronic search in Pub Med, Sci Finder, Scirus, Google Scholar, Agricola and Web of Science and a library search. Results revealed that a very specific botanical description of the plant is still not available. The plant is mistaken within the hybrids and other plants of genus Scindapsus and family Araceae. Since ethnobotanically the plant is of much importance, chemistry of the plant yet needs to be fully explored. Thus the need of the hour is to comprehend the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of S. officinalis which could help in the correct identification of the sample and avoid adulteration due to mistaken identity.

关键词： Ayurveda Scindapsus officinalis Gajapippali Ethnobotany Adulteration

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COVID-19 and the liver:Are footprints still there?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第4期29卷 656-669页

作者： Tarana gupta Hemant Sharma Department of Medicine Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001HaryanaIndia

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)hit the entire world as a global pandemic and soon became the most important concern for all patients with chronic *** early trend in higher mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress attracted all researchers to closely monitor patients for the involvement of other *** soon became apparent that patients with chronic liver diseases are at increased risk of mortality given their cirrhosis-associated immune ***,liver function abnormalities were noted in patients with severe *** cytokine storm,direct viral infection,drugs and reactivation of viral infections were causes of deranged liver ***,we discuss the relation between COVID-19 and chronic liver disease,specifically cirrhosis,hepatitis B,hepatitis C,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),as well as the liver manifestations of *** metabolic syndrome,obesity,diabetes mellitus and NAFLD were found to worsen outcome in different studies reported *** cirrhosis should be considered a risk factor for death and severe ***,COVID-19 related cholangiopathy has also been reported with changes of secondary sclerosing *** long-term persistence of viral antigens in gut epithelia raises concern regarding the future risk of autoimmune liver diseases.

关键词： COVID-19 Chronic liver disease Cirrhosis Liver injury Transaminases Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

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Demand-based dynamic bandwidth allocation in multi-beam satellites using machine learning concepts

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第2期5卷 147-166页

作者： Shwet Kashyap Nisha gupta Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Birla Institute of Technology MesraRanchi 835215India

In the realm of satellite communication,where the importance of efficient spectrum utilization is growing day by day due to the increasing significance of this technology,dynamic resource management has emerged as a pivotal consideration in the design of contemporary multi-beam satellites,facilitating the flexible allocation of resources based on user *** research paper delves into the pivotal role played by machine learning and artificial intelligence within the domain of satellite communication,particularly focusing on spot beam *** study encompasses an evaluation of machine learning’s application,whereby an extensive dataset capturing user demand across a specific geographical area is subjected to *** analysis involves determining the optimal number of beams/clusters,achieved through the utilization of the knee-elbow method predicated on within-cluster sum of ***,the demand data are equitably segmented employing the weighted k-means clustering *** proposed solution introduces a straightforward yet efficient model for bandwidth allocation,contrasting with conventional fixed beam illumination *** approach not only enhances spectrum utilization but also leads to noteworthy power savings,thereby addressing the growing importance of efficient resource management in satellite communication.

关键词： satellite communications multi-beam satellites machine learning weighted k-means clustering Voronoi tessellation knee-elbow method

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Observation of~100%valley-coherent excitons in monolayer MoS_(2) through giant enhancement of valley coherence time

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第8期12卷 1644-1650页

作者： Garima gupta Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Kausik Majumdar Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaJapan international Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaJapan

In monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors,valley coherence degrades rapidly due to a combination of fast scattering and inter-valley exchange *** leads to a sub-picosecond valley coherence time,making coherent manipulation of exciton a highly challenging task Using monolayer MoS_(2) sandwiched between top and bottom graphene,here we demonstrate fully valley-coherent excitons by observing~100%degree of linear polarization in steady state *** is achieved in this unique design through a combined effect of(a)suppression in exchange interaction due to enhanced dielectric screening,(b)reduction in exciton lifetime due to a fast inter-layer transfer to graphene,and(c)operating in the motional narrowing *** disentangle the role of the key parameters affecting valley coherence by using a combination of calculation(solutions of Bethe-Salpeter and Maiallle-Silva-Sham equations)and a careful choice of design of experiments using four different stacks with systematic variation of screening and exciton *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first report in which the excitons are found to be valley coherent in the entire lifetime in monolayer semiconductors,allowing optical readout of valley coherence possible.

关键词： coherent monolayer lifetime

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Fear of missing out: A brief overview of origin, theoretical underpinnings and relationship with mental health

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第19期9卷 4881-4889页

作者： Mayank gupta Aditya Sharma Clarion Psychiatric Center and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Lake Erie College of Osteopathic MedicineClarionPA 16214United States Department of Neuroscience University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States

Fear of missing out(FoMO)is a unique term introduced in 2004 to describe a phenomenon observed on social networking *** includes two processes;firstly,perception of missing out,followed up with a compulsive behavior to maintain these social *** are interested in understanding the complex construct of FoMO and its relations to the need to belong and form stable interpersonal *** is associated with a range of negative life experiences and feelings,due to it being considered a problematic attachment to social *** have provided a general review of the literature and have summarized the findings in relation to mental health,social functioning,sleep,academic performance and productivity,neuro-developmental disorders,and physical *** have also discussed the treatment options available for FoMo based on cognitive behavior *** imperative that new findings on FoMO are communicated to the clinical community as it has diagnostic implications and could be a confounding variable in those who do not respond to treatment as usual.

关键词： Fear of missing out Mental health Physical well-being Academic performance Fear of missing out-reduction Problematic social media

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Transdermal drug delivery systems in diabetes management: A review

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020年第1期15卷 13-25页

作者： Li Ching Ng Manish gupta School of Pharmacy Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway 47500Malaysia Faculty of Pharmacy DIT UniversityDehradun 248009India

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in which there is an insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas, or the insulin produced is unable to be utilized effectively by the body. Diabetes affects more than 415 million people globally and is estimated to strike about 642 million people in 2040. The WHO reported that diabetes will become the seventh biggest cause of mortality in 2030. Insulin injection and oral hypoglycemic agents remain the primary treatments in diabetes management. These often present with poor patient compliance. However, over the last decade, transdermal systems in diabetes management have gained increasing attention and emerged as a potential hope in diabetes management owing to the advantages that they offer as compared to invasive injection and oral dosage forms. This review presents the recent advances and developments in transdermal research to achieve better diabetes management. Different technologies and approaches have been explored and applied to the transdermal systems to optimize diabetes management. Studies have shown that these transdermal systems demonstrate higher bioavailability compared to oral administration due to the avoidance of first-pass hepatic metabolism and a sustained drug release pattern. Besides that, transdermal systems have the advantage of reducing dosing frequency as drugs are released at a predetermined rate and control blood glucose level over a prolonged time, contributing to better patient compliance. In summary, the transdermal system is a field worth exploring due to its significant advantages over oral route in administration of antidiabetic drugs and biosensing of blood glucose level to ensure better clinical outcomes in diabetes management.

关键词： Transdermal Diabetes Antidiabetic Insulin Drug delivery system

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Enhancing the efficiency of nitrogen removing bacterial population to a wide range of C:N ratio(1.5:1 to 14:1)for simultaneous C&N removal

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 149-163页

作者： Shaswati Saha Rohan gupta Shradhanjali Sethi Rima Biswas Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre(CSIR-HRDC)Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh-201002India Wastewater Technology Division CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research InstituteNagpur Maharashtra-440020India

High C:N ratio in the wastewater limits biological nitrogen removal(BNR),especially in anammox based *** present study attempts to improve the COD tolerance of the BNR process by associating methanogens with nitrogen removing bacterial(NRB)*** new microbial system coined as‘Methammox’,was investigated for simultaneous removal of COD(C)and ammonia(N)at C:N ratio 1.5:1 to 14:*** ammonia removal rate(11.5 mg N/g VSS/d)and the COD removal rates(70.6 mg O/g VSS/d)of Methammox was close to that of the NRB(11.1 mg N/g VSS/d)and the methanogenic populations(77.9 mg O/g VSS/d),*** activities established that these two populations existed simultaneously and independently in‘Methammox’.Further studies in biofilm reactor fetched a balanced COD and ammonia removal(55%–60%)at a low C:N ratio(£2:1)and high C:N ratio(≥9:1).The population abundance of methanogens was reasonably constant,but the nitrogen removal shifted from mixotrophy to heterotrophy as the C:N ratio shifted from low(C:N£2:1)to high(C:N≥9:1).The reduced autotrophic NRB(ammonia-and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and Anammox)population at a high C:N ratio was compensated by the fermentative group that could carry out denitrification *** functional plasticity of the Methammox system to adjust to a broad C:N ratio opens new frontiers in biological nitrogen removal of high COD containing wastewaters.

关键词： Methanogens Biological Nitrogen Removal(BNR) Simultaneous Methammox C:N ratio

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