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Smart mid-infrared metasurface microspectrometer gas sensing system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 273-281页

作者： Jiajun Meng Sivacarendran Balendhran Ylias Sabri Suresh K.bhargava Kenneth B.Crozier School of Physics University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Australian Research Council(ARC)Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems(TMOS) University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre for Advanced Materials&Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) STEM collegeRMIT UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Smart,low-cost and portable gas sensors are highly desired due to the importance of air quality monitoring for environmental and defense-related ***,electrochemical and nondispersive infrared(IR)gas sensors are designed to detect a single specific *** IR spectroscopy-based sensors provide superior performance,their deployment is limited due to their large size and high *** this study,a smart,low-cost,multigas sensing system is demonstrated consisting of a mid-infrared microspectrometer and a machine learning *** microspectrometer is a metasurface filter array integrated with a commercial IR camera that is consumable-free,compact(~1 cm^(3))and lightweight(~1 g).The machine learning algorithm is trained to analyze the data from the microspectrometer and predict the gases *** system detects the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100%with 100%*** also detects hazardous gases at low concentrations with an accuracy of 98.4%.Ammonia can be detected at a concentration of 100 ***,methyl-ethyl-ketone can be detected at its permissible exposure limit(200 ppm);this concentration is considered low and *** study demonstrates the viability of using machine learning with IR spectroscopy to provide a smart and low-cost multigas sensing platform.

关键词： Smart gases system

Home-based Detection and Prediction of Diabetic Foot Ulcers at Early Stage Using Sensor Technology and Supervised Learning

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 26-37页

作者： Kamasamudram bhavya Sai Rishi Raghu Sai Surya Varshith Nukala Jayashree Jayaraman Vijayashree Jayaraman School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

For years,foot ulcers linked with diabetes mellitus and neuropathy have significantly impacted diabetic patients’ health-related quality of life(HRQoL). Diabetes foot ulcers impact15% of all diabetic patients at some point in their lives. The facilities and resources used for DFU detection and treatment are only available at hospitals and clinics,which results in the unavailability of feasible and timely detection at an early stage. This necessitates the development of an at-home DFU detection system that enables timely predictions and seamless communication with users,thereby preventing amputations due to neglect and severity. This paper proposes a feasible system consisting of three major modules:an IoT device that works to sense foot nodes to send vibrations onto a foot sole,a machine learning model based on supervised learning which predicts the level of severity of the DFU using four different classification techniques including XGBoost,K-SVM,Random Forest,and Decision tree,and a mobile application that acts as an interface between the sensors and the patient. Based on the severity levels,necessary steps for prevention,treatment,and medications are recommended via the application.

关键词： diabetic foot ulcer podiatry diabetes mellitus healthcare footcare internet of things machine learning human⁃computer interaction

Intelligent Cloud IoMT Health Monitoring-Based System for COVID-19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 497-517页

作者： Hameed AlQaheri Manash Sarkar Saptarshi Gupta bhavya Gaur Department of Information Systems and Operation Management College of Business AdministrationKuwait University13060Kuwait Atria Institute of Technology BengaluruKarnatakaIndia Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM Institute of Science&TechnologyDelhi-NCR201204India Business Technology Analyst ZS AssociatesPune411014India

The most common alarming and dangerous disease in the world today is the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).The coronavirus is perceived as a group of coronaviruses which causes mild to severe respiratory diseases among human *** infection is spread by aerosols emitted from infected individuals during talking,sneezing,and ***,infection can occur by touching a contaminated surface followed by transfer of the viral load to the *** may occur through aerosols that stay suspended in the air for extended periods of time in enclosed *** stop the spread of the pandemic,it is crucial to isolate infected patients in quarantine *** health organizations faced a lack of quarantine houses and medical test facilities at the first level of testing by the proposed *** any serious condition is observed at the first level testing,then patients should be recommended to be *** this study,an IoT-enabled smart monitoring system is proposed to detect COVID-19 positive patients and monitor them during their home *** Internet of Medical Things(IoMT),known as healthcare IoT,is employed as the foundation of the proposed *** least-squares(LS)method was applied to estimate the linear model parameters for a sequential pilot survey.A statistical sequential analysis is performed as a pilot survey to efficiently collect preliminary data for an extensive survey of COVID-19 positive *** Bayesian approach is used,based on the assumption of the random variable for the priori distribution of the data *** inference is used to construct different rules based on the basic symptoms of COVID-19 patients to make an expert decision to detect COVID-19 positive ***,the performance of the proposed model was determined by applying a four-fold cross-validation technique.

关键词： Pandemic COVID-19 internet of medical things least square fuzzy inference

Snakebite: A neglected tropical disease that can stymie progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第9期16卷 383-384页

作者： Saurabh bhargava School of Advanced Sciences and Languages VIT Bhopal UniversityKothrikalanSehore Madhya Pradesh 466114India

The adoption of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)under Agenda 2030 is one of the most ambitious ventures by the United Nations for the betterment of *** SDGs are a comprehensive and holistic approach to making the lives of humans,not only the current human population but even future generations,worth living and *** aim to end poverty,hunger,and inequities,provide everyone with clean water,energy,and an environment,and make the planet more peaceful,just,and habitable[1].

关键词： Sustainable venture neglected

An Evolutionary Normalization Algorithm for Signed Floating-Point Multiply-Accumulate Operation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 481-495页

作者： Rajkumar Sarma Cherry bhargava Ketan Kotecha Department of Electrical&Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyJain(Deemed-to-be-University)Ramanagar562112KarnatakaIndia Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International(Deemed University)LavalePune412115India Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis International(Deemed University)LavalePune412115India

In the era of digital signal processing,like graphics and computation systems,multiplication-accumulation is one of the prime operations.A MAC unit is a vital component of a digital system,like different Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)algorithms,convolution,image processing algorithms,*** the domain of digital signal processing,the use of normalization architecture is very *** main objective of using normalization is to performcomparison and shift *** this research paper,an evolutionary approach for designing an optimized normalization algorithm is proposed using basic logical blocks such as Multiplexer,Adder *** proposed normalization algorithm is further used in designing an 8×8 bit Signed Floating-Point Multiply-Accumulate(SFMAC)*** the SFMAC can accept an 8-bit significand and a 3-bit exponent,the input to the said architecture can be somewhere between−(7.96872)_(10) to+(7.96872)_(10).The proposed architecture is designed and implemented using the Cadence Virtuoso using 90 and 130 nm technologies(in Generic Process Design Kit(GPDK)and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company(TSMC),respectively).To reduce the power consumption of the proposed normalization architecture,techniques such as“block enabling”and“clock gating”are used *** to the analysis done on Cadence,the proposed architecture uses the least amount of power compared to its current predecessors.

关键词： Data normalization cadence virtuoso signed-floating-point MAC evolutionary optimized algorithm block enabling clock gating

Fabrication and Characterization of Banana Pseudostem Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite Using Al_(2)O_(3) as Filler

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1737-1746页

作者： Ankit Samal Sanjeev Kumar Manish bhargava Barnik Saha Roy Mechanical Engineering Department National Institute of Technology AgartalaJiraniaTripura799046India Mechanical Engineering Department Subharti Institute of Technology and EngineeringMeerutUttar Pradesh250005India

Natural fibre-reinforced composites are now becoming incredibly common in various products because of their comparable qualities to conventional *** to its availability,superior mechanical qualities,and low cost,banana pseudostem is extensively used in various applications requiring natural *** study investigates the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with banana pseudostem fibres that contain Al_(2)O_(3) *** order to produce composites with fibre and filler loadings,manual hand layup was *** and filler loading effects on composite properties were studied in *** results of the investigations demonstrate that proportion of Al_(2)O_(3) in composites significantly influences their mechanical and physical ***,the composite with a fibre content of 30%shows improved mechanical proportions and *** analysis was used to study the composite's thermal *** are more thermally stable than raw *** Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy analyses were used to characterize the composites.

关键词： Banana Pseudostem fibre Al_(2)O_(3) Epoxy Characterization Mechanical properties

Fuzzy System Design Using Current Amplifier for 20 nm CMOS Technology

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1815-1829页

作者： Shruti Jain Cherry bhargava Vijayakumar Varadarajan Ketan Kotecha Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat172234India Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International(Deemed University)Pune411021India School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis International(Deemed University)Pune411021India

In the recent decade,different researchers have performed hardware implementation for different applications covering various areas of *** this research paper,a novel analog design and implementation of different steps of fuzzy systems with current differencing buffered amplifier(CDBA)are proposed with a compact structure that can be used in many signal processing *** proposed circuits are capable of wide input current range,simple structure,and are highly *** electrical parameters were compared for the proposed fuzzy system when using different membership *** novelty of this paper lies in the electronic implementation of different steps for realizing a fuzzy system using current *** the power supply voltage of CDBA is 2V,it results in 155mW,power dissipation;4.615KΩ,input resistance;366KΩ,output resistances;and 189.09 dB,common-mode rejection ratio.A 155.519 dB,voltage gain,and 0.76V/μs,the slew rate is analyzed when the power supply voltage of CDBAis *** fuzzy system is realized in 20nm CMOS technology and investigated with an output signal of high precision and high speed,illustrating that it is suitable for realtime *** this research paper,a consequence of feedback resistance on the adder circuit and the defuzzified circuit is also analyzed and the best results are obtained using 100K *** structure has a low hardware complexity leading to a low delay and a rather high quality.

关键词： Current amplifiers membership functions fuzzy system fuzzy operators defuzzified circuit feedback resistance

Explainable machine learning in materials science

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1951-1969页

作者： Xiaoting Zhong Brian Gallagher Shusen Liu bhavya Kailkhura Anna Hiszpanski T.Yong-Jin Han Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA

Machine learning models are increasingly used in materials studies because of their exceptional ***,the most accurate machine learning models are usually difficult to *** to this problem lie in explainable artificial intelligence(XAI),an emerging research field that addresses the explainability of complicated machine learning models like deep neural networks(DNNs).This article attempts to provide an entry point to XAI for materials *** are defined to clarify what explain means in the context of materials *** works are reviewed to show how XAI helps materials science *** and opportunities are also discussed.

关键词： explain learning plain

Review of current progress in hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 330-386页

作者： Prerna Mahajan bhavya Padha Sonali Verma Vinay Gupta Ram Datt Wing Chung Tsoi Soumitra Satapathi Sandeep Arya Department of Physics University of JammuJammuJammu and Kashmir 180006India Department of Physics Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates SPECIFIC College of EngineeringSwansea University Bay CampusFabian WaySA18ENSwanseaUnited Kingdom Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeUttarakhand 247667India

Recent advancements in perovskites’ application as a solar energy harvester have been astonishing. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) of perovskite solar cells(PSCs) is currently reaching parity(>25 percent), an accomplishment attained over past decades. PSCs are seen as perovskites sandwiched between an electron transporting material(ETM) and a hole transporting material(HTM). As a primary component of PSCs, HTM has been shown to have a considerable effect on solar energy harvesting, carrier extraction and transport, crystallization of perovskite, stability, and price. In PSCs, it is still necessary to use a *** perovskites are capable of conducting holes, they are present in trace amounts, necessitating the use of an HTM layer for efficient charge extraction. In this review, we provide an understanding of the significant forms of HTM accessible(inorganic, polymeric and small molecule-based HTMs), to motivate further research and development of such materials. The identification of additional criteria suggests a significant challenge to high stability and affordability in PSC.

关键词： Hole transporting material Perovskite solar cells Power conversion efficiency Stability