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Exploring nationally and regionally defined models for large area population mapping

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International journal of Digital Earth 2015年第12期8卷 989-1006页

作者： A.E.Gaughan F.R.Stevens C.Linard N.N.patel A.j.Tatem Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Biological Control and Spatial Ecology UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Department of Geography and Environment University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Fogarty International Center National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden

Interactions between humans,diseases,and the environment take place across a range of temporal and spatial scales,making accurate,contemporary data on human population distributions critical for a variety of *** for disaggregating census data to finer-scale,gridded population density estimates continue to be refined as computational power increases and more detailed census,input,and validation datasets become ***,the availability of spatially detailed census data still varies widely by *** this study,we develop quantitative guidelines for choosing regionally-parameterized census count disaggregation models over country-specific *** examine underlying methodological considerations for improving gridded population datasets for countries with coarser scale census data by investigating regional versus country-specific models used to estimate density surfaces for redistributing census *** is given to the spatial resolution of input census data using examples from East Africa and Southeast *** suggest that for many countries more accurate population maps can be produced by using regionally-parameterized models where more spatially refined data exists than that which is available for the focal *** study highlights the advancement of statistical toolsets and considerations for underlying data used in generating widely used gridded population data.

关键词： human population modeling random forest regression dasymetric mapping gridded population datasets

Antimicrobial Profile of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Vegetables and Indigenous Fermented Foods of India against Clinical Pathogens Using Microdilution Method

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第9期26卷 759-764页

作者： Ami patel Nihir SHAH Padma AMBALAM j. B. PRAjAPATI Olle HOLST Asa LjUNGH Department of Dairy Microbiology SMC College of Dairy Science Anand Agricultural University Department of Biotechnology Lund University Department of Medical Microbiology Lund University

In dairy and food industries lactic acid bacteria （LAB） have been used in form of starter culture that plays vital role in fermentation; as flavouring and texturizing or as preservative agents. There is increasing evidence that lactobacilli which inhabit the gastrointestinal tract develop antimicrobial activities and participate in the host＇s defence system[1]. During fermentation, most of the LAB produces a number of different compounds like organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, polysaccharides, and proteinaceous compounds called bacteriocins or bacteriocinogenic peptides.

关键词： Antimicrobial Profile of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Vegetables and Indigenous Fermented Foods of India against Clinical Pathogens Using Microdilution Method CFS

Pareto optimization of WEDM process parameters for machining a NiTi shape memory alloy using a combined approach of RSM and heat transfer search algorithm

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第1期9卷 64-80页

作者： Rakesh Chaudhari jay j.Vora S.S.Mani Prabu I.A.Palani Vivek K.patel D.M.Parikh Department of Mechanical Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Discipline of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Department of Industrial Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India

Machining of shape memory alloys(SMAs)without losing the shape memory effect could immensely extend their ***,the wire electric discharge machining process was used to machine NiTi—a shape memory *** experimental methodology was designed using a Box-Behnken design approach of the response surface *** effects of input variables including pulse on time,pulse off time,and current were investigated on the material removal rate,surface roughness,and *** tests were performed to check the robustness of the generated empirical *** of the process parameters was performed using a newly formulated,highly efficient heat transfer search *** tests were conducted and extended for analyzing the retention of the shape memory effect of the machined surface by differential scanning *** addition,2D and 3D Pareto curves were generated that indicated the trade-offs between the selected output variables during the simultaneous output variables using the multi-objective heat transfer search *** optimization route yielded encouraging *** objective optimization yielded a maximum material removal rate of 1.49 mm^(3)/s,maximum microhardness 462.52 HVN,and minimum surface roughness 0.11μ*** Pareto curves showed conflicting effects during the wire electric discharge machining of the shape memory alloy and presented a set of optimal non-dominant *** shape memory alloy machined using the optimized process parameters even indicated a shape memory effect similar to that of the starting base material.

关键词： Shape memory alloy(SMA) Nitinol Wire electrical discharge machining(WEDM) Heat transfer search algorithm Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test Shape memory effect

Correlation between Maxillary Central Incisor Crown Form and Maxillary Dental Arch Form:A Model‑Based Morphometric,Cross‑Sectional Study

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journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2018年第2期4卷 70-75页

作者： jayasankar Purushothaman Pillai Riddhi Amrutbhai patel Alka M Banker j Rajarajeswari Department of Oral Pathology Government Dental College and HospitalAhmedabad Consultant Dental Surgeon Shraddha Orthodontic ClinicBharuch Department of Orthodontia Goenka Research Institute of Dental Science Consultant Dental Surgeon Sai Balaji Dental ClinicGandhinagarGujaratIndia

The crown form of maxillary central incisor tooth is one of the vital phenomenon for a person’s *** crown form has been compared with other anatomical parameters such as arch form and facial *** different classes of tooth forms which relate to square,tapered,and ovoid forms are *** aim of this study was to morphometrically evaluate the correlation between maxillary dental arch form and the maxillary central incisor crown *** cast models of fifty male and fifty female normal occlusion controls in the age group of 18-23 years were *** mesiodistal(MD)dimensions of the maxillary central incisors were measured at incisal(MD_I)and at gingival(MD_G)*** transverse widths of maxillary casts were measured at the first molar and at the first premolar *** measured data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS *** MD dimensions of maxillary central incisor were significantly greater in males than *** ratio between the two MD dimensions also varied significantly among *** intermolar width(IMW)and interfirst premolar width(IPmW)between males and females were highly significant(P<0.05),whereas the ratio between these two parameters in males and females was not significant(P=0.43).Eighty‑eight percentage of the participants were found to have an ovoid type of maxillary arch,while only 45%of them had the ovoid form of maxillary central *** MD_I and the IMW were found to be in the ratio of 1:5.5 in both *** MD_G and the IPmW were in the ratio of 1:4.7 in males and 1:4.5 in *** was a weak positive correlation between MD_I and IMW(r^(2)=0.146)and between MD_G and IPmW(r^(2)=0.05).No significant concordance between the maxillary central incisor crown form and the maxillary arch form was found in this study.

关键词： Intermolar width interpremolar width maxillary arch maxillary central incisor morphometric

Morphometric Analysis of Maxillary Central Incisor to Determine its Crown Form: A Model‑based Cross‑sectional Study

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journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第4期2卷 213-218页

作者： jayasankar Purushothaman Pillai Riddhi patel Alka Banker Rajarajeswari j Sukhdev Mishra Department of Oral Pathology Government Dental College and HospitalNational Institute of Occupational HealthAhmedabad1Consultant Dental SurgeonBharuch Department of Orthodontia Goenka Research Institute of Dental ScienceGandhinagarGujaratIndia Consultant Dental Surgeon National Institute of Occupational HealthAhmedabad1Consultant Dental SurgeonBharuch Department of Biostatistics National Institute of Occupational HealthAhmedabad1Consultant Dental SurgeonBharuch

The size and shape of tooth crowns are morphogenetically predetermined during *** maxillary central incisors have contributed to sexual dimorphism,and several classifications of the form of maxillary central incisors are available in the ***,in the present study,aimed to analyze the mesiodistal(MD)measurements at two levels of maxillary central incisor,to determine its crown *** study was conducted on 100 dental plaster models(50 males and 50 females).The MD dimensions at the contact area level MD_incisal(MD_I)and at the gingival papilla level(MD_G)and the gingivo‑incisal height of the crown were measured in the dental models using digital Vernier *** data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 statistical *** mean values of all the three parameters measured were slightly greater for males and also for the left central *** were no significant differences in all the three variables when the right and left incisors were *** differences were noted when the parameters are compared between *** height/width ratio of crown showed a significant difference between male and *** value of the ratio between the two MD dimensions(MD_I and MD_G)was used to determine the crown *** ratio between the MD dimensions at incisal and gingival area showed a significant difference between genders and no such significance was found between right and left central *** is a significant difference in the form of maxillary central incisors between male and female samples and not between right and *** MD dimensions at incisal and gingival thirds decide the form of crown.

关键词： Crown form maxillary central incisor morphometric ratio sexual dimorphism

Prevention of erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer

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Asian journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 805-806页

作者： Izak Faiena Neal patel Allen D Seftel Division of Urology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonMedical School N J USA 2Division of Urology Cooper Medical School of Rowan University CamdenN J USA.

With increasing scrutiny of prostate cancer （PCa） diagnosis and treatment, much attention has been given to the morbidity caused by radical prostatectomy （RP） and/or radiotherapy （RT）. One of the most common side-effects of either treatment is erectile dysfunction （ED）.1 Approximately, 40% of patients will experience ED after RT for PCa. The post-RT ED causes significant patient dissatisfaction with cancer treatment as well as decrease in patient and partner psychosocial function,z To address this issue in patients undergoing RT, Pisansky et al.3 conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a phosphodiesterase enzyme-5 inhibitor （PDE5i）, tadalafil, as a preventive measure for patients undergoing RT for PCa and found no difference in erectile function between the control and treatment groups.

关键词： EXTERNAL-BEAM RADIOTHERAPY TADALAFIL 5 MG RADIATION-THERAPY TRIAL MEN SATISFACTION EFFICACY

Overall rate, location, and predictive factors for positive surgical margins after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer

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Asian journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 123-128页

作者： Sung Gu Kang Oscar Schatloff Abdul Muhsin Haidar Srinivas Samavedi Kenneth j Palmer jun Cheon Vipul R patel Department of Urology Korea University School of Medicine Seoul Korea From the Global Robotics Institute Florida Hospital Celebration Health Celebration and University of Central Florida School of Medicine Orlando Florida USA.

We report the overall rate, locations and predictive factors of positive surgical margins （PSMs） in 271 patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Between April 2008 and October 2011, we prospectively collected data from patients classified as D＇Amico high-risk who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Overall rate and location of PSMs were reported. Stepwise logistic regression models were fitted to assess predictive factors of PSM. The overall rate of PSMs was 25.1% （68 of 271 patients）. Of these PSM, 38.2% （26 of 68） were posterolateral （PL）, 26.5% （18 of 68） multifocal, 16.2% （11 of 68） in the apex, 14.7% （10 of 68） in the bladder neck, and 4.4% （3/68） in other locations. The PSM rate of patients with pathological stage pT2 was 8.6% （12 of 140）, 26.6% （17 of 64） of pT3a, 53.3% （32/60） of pT3b, and 100% （7 of 7） of pT4. In a logistic regression model including pre-, intra-, and post-operative parameters, body mass index （odds ratio [OR]. 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]： 1.01-1.19, P = 0.029）, pathological stage （pT3b or higher vs pT2; OR： 5.14; 95% Ch 1.92-13.78; P = 0.001） and percentage of the tumor （OR： 46.71; 95% CI： 6.37-342.57; P 〈 0.001） were independent predictive factors for PSMs. The most common location of PSMs in patients at high-risk was the PL aspect, which reflects the reported tumor aggressiveness. The only significant predictive factors of PSMs were pathological outcomes, such as percentage of the tumor in the specimen and pathological stage.

关键词： prostate prostatectomy prostatic neoplasm residual robotics

Experimental and numerical investigations of bonding interface behavior in stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第1期35卷 192-200页

作者： Q.Wen W.Y.Li W.B.Wang F.F.Wang Y.j.Gao V.patel State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies Northwestern Polytechnical University China FSW Center China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Capital Aerospace Machinery Company Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

Stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding(SSFSLW) was employed to weld 2024 aluminum alloy. A coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL) model was developed to investigate the lap interface behavior during SSFSLW. Numerical results of material movement and equivalent plastic strain were in good agreement with the experimental work. With increasing welding speed, the distances from the hook tip to the top surface of the upper workpiece on the retreating side(RS) and the advancing side(AS) increase, while the distance between two wave-shaped alclads decreases. A symmetric interface bending is observed on the AS and the RS during plunging, while the interface bending on the AS is bigger than that on the RS during welding. The peak temperature of the interface on the AS is higher than that on the RS. The equivalent plastic strain gradually increases as the distance to the weld center decreases, and its peak value is obtained near the bottom of the weld.

关键词： Stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian Temperature field Material distribution Equivalent plastic strain

Use of doppler ultrasound to predict need for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt revision

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World journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1200-1209页

作者： Nikki Duong Marcus Healey Kunal patel Brian j Strife Richard K Sterling Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionVirginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States Department of Internal Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States Division of Interventional Radiology Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is used to treat complications of portal hypertension,such as ascites and variceal bleeding(VB).While liver doppler ultrasound(DUS)is used to assess TIPS patency,trans-shunt venography(TSV)is the gold *** To determine the accuracy of DUS to assess TIPS dysfunction and for need for *** Retrospective review of patients referred for TIPS revision from ***,DUS parameters at baseline and at the DUS preceding TIPS revision,TSV data were *** operating characteristics curves,sensitivity,specificity,performance for doppler to predict need for revision were *** and multivariate analyses were used to predict clinical factors associated with need for TIPS *** The cohort consisted of 89 patients with cirrhosis(64%men,76%white,31%alcohol as etiology);median age 59 *** for initial TIPS were VB(41%),refractory ascites(51%),and other(8%).TIPS was revised in 44%.On univariate analysis,factors associated with need for TIPS revision were male(P=0.03),initial indication for TIPS(P=0.05)and indication for revision(P=0.01).Revision of TIPS was associated with lower mortality(26%vs 46%)and significantly lower rates of transplant(13%vs 24%;P=0.1).In predicting need for TIPS revision,DUS has a 40%sensitivity,45%specificity,PPV 78%,and NPV 14%.The most accurate location for shunt velocity measure was distal velocity(Area under the curve:0.79;P=0.0007).CONCLUSION DUS has poor overall sensitivity and specificity in predicting need for TIPS ***-invasive methods of predicting TIPS dysfunction are needed since those needing TIPS revision had better survival.

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Doppler ultrasound Portal hypertension