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Notes for genera:Ascomycota

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第5期86卷 1-594页

作者： Nalin N.Wijayawardene Kevin D.Hyde Kunhiraman C.Rajeshkumar David L.Hawksworth Hugo Madrid Paul M.Kirk Uwe Braun Rajshree V.Singh Pedro W.Crous Martin Kukwa Robert Lücking Cletus P.Kurtzman Andrey Yurkov Danny Haelewaters Andre´Aptroot H.Thorsten Lumbsch Einar Timdal Damien Ertz Javier Etayo Alan J.L.Phillips Johannes Z.Groenewald Moslem Papizadeh Laura Selbmann Monika C.Dayarathne Gothamie Weerakoon E.B.Gareth Jones Satinee Suetrong Qing Tian Rafael F.Castanda-Ruiz Ali H.Bahkali Ka-Lai Pang Kazuaki Tanaka Dong Qin Dai Jariya Sakayaroj Martina Hujslová Lorenzo Lombard Belle D.Shenoy Ave Suija Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Kasun M.Thambugala Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe bharati o.sharma Subhash Gaikwad Gargee Pandit Laura Zucconi Silvano onofri Eleonora Egidi Huzefa A.Raja Rampai Kodsueb Marcela E.S.Caceres Sergio Perez-ortega Patrícia o.Fiuza Josiane Santana Monteiro Larissa N.Vasilyeva Roger G.Shivas Maria Prieto Mats Wedin Ibai olariaga Adebola Azeez Lateef Yamini Agrawal Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli Mohammad Ali Amoozegar Guo Zhu Zhao Walter P.Pfliegler Gunjan sharma Magdalena oset Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Susumu Takamatsu Konstanze Bensch Nimali Indeewari de Silva AndréDe Kesel Anuruddha Karunarathna Saranyaphat Boonmee Donald H.Pfister Yong-Zhong Lu Zong-Long Luo Nattawut Boonyuen Dinushani A.Daranagama Indunil C.Senanayake Subashini C.Jayasiri Milan C.Samarakoon Xiang-Yu Zeng Mingkwan Doilom Luis Quijada Sillma Rampadarath Gabriela Heredia Asha J.Dissanayake Ruvishika S.Jayawardana Rekhani H.Perera Li Zhou Tang Chayanard Phukhamsakda Margarita Hernańdez-Restrepo Xiaoya Ma Saowaluck Tibpromma Luis F.P.Gusmao Darshani Weerahewa Samantha C.Karunarathna Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand National Fungal Culture Collection of India(NFCCI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology(Fungi)GroupAgharkar Research InstitutePuneMaharashtra 411004India Royal Botanic Gardens KewRichmondSurrey TW93DSUK Department of Life Sciences The Natural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118JilinPeople’s Republic of China Centro de Geno´mica y Bioinforma´tica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Mayor de ChileCamino La Pira´mide 5750HuechurabaSantiagoChile Martin-Luther-Universita¨t Institut fu¨r BiologieBereich Geobotanik und Botanischer GartenHerbariumNeuwerk 2106099 Halle(Saale)Germany Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Gdan´skWita Stwosza 5980-308 Gdan´skPoland Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Königin-Luise-Str.6-814195 BerlinGermany Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit National Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchAgricultural Research ServiceU.S.Department of AgriculturePeoriaIL 61604USA Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Inhoffenstraße 7B38124 BrunswickGermany Farlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany Harvard University22 Divinity AvenueCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University22 Divinity AvenueCambridgeMA 02138USA ABL Herbarium G.v.d.Veenstraat 1073762 XK SoestThe Netherlands Science&Education The Field Museum1400

Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi,has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques,over the past 10–15 years,and continues to *** genera have been found to be polyphyletic,and their generic concepts have subsequently been *** names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular *** ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011,has also caused changes in fungal generic *** order to facilitate access to all important changes,it was desirable to compile these in a single *** present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota(approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016),including those which are *** and summaries of the changes since the last edition of‘Ainsworth&Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’in 2008 are *** notes include the number of accepted species,classification,type species(with location of the type material),culture availability,life-styles,distribution,and selected publications that have appeared since *** work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the"Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi"published in 2013,which will be developed into a list of protected generic *** will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists,and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi(NCF).The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis,Collophora(as Collophorina),Cryomyces,Dematiopleospora,Heterospora(as Heterosporicola),Lithophila,Palmomyces(as Palmaria)and Saxomyces are validated,as are two previously invalid family names,Bartaliniaceae and *** species of Lalaria,which were invalidly published are trans

关键词： Article 59 Classification one name Pleomorphic fungi Taxonomy

Recognition and quality mapping of traditional herbal drugs:way forward towards artificial intelligence

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第1期10卷 12-26页

作者： Sanyam sharma Subh Naman Ashish Baldi Faculty of Pharmacy Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research UniversityUdaipur 313024India Pharma Innovation Lab Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyMaharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathinda 151001India Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences The ICFAI UniversityBaddi 174103India.

The use of traditional herbal drugs derived from natural sources is on the rise due to their minimal side effects and numerous health ***,a major limitation is the lack of standardized knowledge for identifying and mapping the quality of these herbal *** article aims to provide practical insights into the application of artificial intelligence for quality-based commercialization of raw herbal *** focuses on feature extraction methods,image processing techniques,and the preparation of herbal images for compatibility with machine learning *** article discusses commonly used image processing tools such as normalization,slicing,cropping,and augmentation to prepare images for artificial intelligence-based *** also provides an overview of global herbal image databases and the models employed for herbal plant/drug *** will gain a comprehensive understanding of the potential application of various machine learning models,including artificial neural networks and convolutional neural *** article delves into suitable validation parameters like true positive rates,accuracy,precision,and more for the development of artificial intelligence-based identification and authentication techniques for herbal *** article offers valuable insights and a conclusive platform for the further exploration of artificial intelligence in the field of herbal drugs,paving the way for smarter identification and authentication methods.

关键词： artificial intelligence Ayurveda machine learning models herbal drugs image pre-processing medicinal plants

Synthesis and characterization of copper foams through a powder metallurgy route using a compressible and lubricant space-holder material

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第8期25卷 902-912页

作者： Mohit sharma o.P.Modi Punit Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetraHaryana 136119India CSIR-Advanced Materials&Processes Research Institute Bhopal 462026India Department of Material Science&Metallurgical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal 462003India

In the present work,a compressible and lubricating space-holder material commonly known as "acrawax" was used to process Cu foams with various pore sizes and various *** foams were processed without using binders to avoid contamination of their metal *** lubricant space-holder material was found to facilitate more uniform flow and distribution of metal powder around the surface of the space *** addition,the use of acrawax as a space-holder material yielded considerably dense cell walls,which are an essential prerequisite for better material *** foams processed with a smaller-sized space holder were found to exhibit better electrical and mechanical properties than those processed with a coarser-sized space *** isotropic pore shape,uniform pore distribution throughout the metal matrix,and uniform cell wall thickness were found to enhance the properties pertaining to fine-pore foam *** processed foams exhibit properties similar to those of the foams processed through the lost-carbonate sintering process.

关键词： copper foam powder metallurgy space holder acrawax flexural strength sintering electrical resistivity

Synergistic Effect of Metal Nanoparticles on the Antimicrobial Activities of Antibiotics against Biorecycling Microbes

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第6期32卷 524-532页

作者： Chandni Khurana Purnima sharma o.E Pandey Bhupendra Chudasama Laboratory of Nanomedicine School of Physics and Materials ScienceThapar UniversityPatiala 147004India Department of Applied Sciences Chandigarh UniversityMohali 160055India Department ofBiotechnology Thapar UniversityPatiala 147004India

Biorecycling microbes, which have critical functionalities in natural cycles, are essential to sustain eco-system of the earth. Any alterations in these cycles caused by the mutations of microbes could be a potential threat to life on earth. Antibiotics leached from pharmaceutical waste, animal food and agribusiness prod- ucts are accumulating in the environment. Metal nanoparticles are also accumulating in environment because of their extensive use as biocidal agent in domestic products. Interaction of antibiotics and metal nanoparticles with eco-ffiendly microorganisms has a potential to alter the ecosystem of the earth. In this article, we have studied the antibacterial activities of silver and copper nanoparticles and their for- mulations with antibiotics, tetracycline, and kanamycin against biorecycling microbes, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Strong synergistic effect of metal nanoparticles on the antimicrobial ac- tivities of commercial antibiotics has been observed. Antimicrobial activity of tetracycline improves by 286%-346% and 0%-28% when being tested in the presence of 250 ppm of silver and copper nanoparticles, respectively. For kanamycin, the improvement is 154%-289% for silver and 3%-20% for copper nanoparticles. Irrespective of the antibiotics and tested organisms, synergy is more prominent for silver nanoparticles even at their minimum active concentration （100 ppm）. This study demonstrates that the combination of metal nanoparticles with antibiotics could be more fatal to ecosystem than either the metal nanoparticles or the antibiotics alone.

关键词： Synergy Nanoparticles Antibiotics Biorecycling microbes Antibacterial activities

Thermal-Based Free Vibration and Buckling Behavior of Bio-inspired Cross-and Double-Helicoidal/Bouligand Laminated Composite Plates

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2023年第6期36卷 933-942页

作者： Sagar Paruthi Neha sharma Reeta Gulia Lokesh Choudhary Anshu sharma M.o.Belarbi Aman Garg Li Li H.D.Chalak Department of Civil Engineering DPG Institute of Technology and ManagementGurugramHaryana 122004India Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering The NorthCap UniversityGurugramHaryana 122017India Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon Campus1 GangwondaehakgilChuncheon-SIGangwon-Do 24341Republic of Korea Laboratoire de Recherche en Génie Civil(LRGC) Universitéde BiskraB.P.145R.P.07000 BiskraAlgeria State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology KurukshetraHaryana 133019India

Inspired by living organisms,helicoidal structures are becoming increasingly important in replacing the conventional lamination scheme to enhance the toughness,strength,and stiffness of *** helicoidal laminated composites,each layer is rotated by a specific angle with respect to the previous *** the present study,an attempt has been carried out to compare the free vibration and buckling behavior of the double-helicoidal and cross-helicoidal bio-inspired laminated composite plates under thermal *** influence of lamination scheme,aspect ratio,end conditions,thermal conditions,sideto-thickness ratio,and skew angle on the free vibration and buckling behavior of the plate is *** performance of helicoidal laminated composite plates is compared with that of cross-ply and quasi-isotropic *** study reveals that the helicoidal composites outperform the cross-ply and quasi-isotropic *** most cases studied,the cross-helicoidal plate exhibits stiff behavior.

关键词： Double-helicoidal plate Single-helicoidal plate Free vibration Buckling Bio-inspired plate

Chemical, mechanical, and thermal expansion properties of a carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum nanocomposite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第2期23卷 222-233页

作者： Manjula sharma Vimal sharma Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Hamirpur

In the present study,the chemical and mechanical properties and the thermal expansion of a carbon nanotube（CNT）-based crystalline nano-aluminum（nano Al） composite were *** properties of nanocomposites were tailored by incorporating CNTs into the nano Al matrix using a physical mixing *** elastic moduli and the coefficient of thermal expansion（CTE） of the nanocomposites were also estimated to understand the effects of CNT reinforcement in the Al *** characterization of the nanocomposite reveals that the CNTs are dispersed and embedded in the Al *** experimental results indicate that the incorporation of CNTs into the nano Al matrix results in the increase in hardness and elastic modulus along with a concomitant decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion The hardness and elastic modulus of the nanocomposite increase by 21%and 20%,respectively,upon CNT *** CTE of CNT/A1 nanocomposite decreases to 70%compared with that of nano Al.

关键词： metal matrix composites carbon nanotubes nanocomposites chemical properties thermal expansion mechanical properties

High-precision inverse potentials for neutron-proton scattering using piece-wise smooth Morse functions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 201-213页

作者： Ayushi Awasthi Arushi sharma Ishwar Kant o.S.K.S.Sastri Department of Physics and Astronomical Science Central University of Himachal PradeshDharmshala176215India

The aim of this study is to construct inverse potentials for various ℓ-channels of neutron-proton scattering using a piece-wise smooth Morse function as a *** phase equations for single-channel states and the coupled equations of multi-channel scattering are solved numerically using the 5^(th) order Runge-kutta *** employ a piece-wise smooth reference potential comprising three Morse functions as the initial *** a machine learning-based genetic algorithm,we optimize the model parameters to minimize the mean-squared error between simulated and anticipated phase *** approach yields inverse potentials for both single and multichannel scattering,achieving convergence to a mean-squared error≤10^(-3).The resulting scattering lengths"a_(0)"and effective ranges"r"for ^(3)S_(1) and ^(1)S_(0) states,expressed as[a_(0),r],are found to be[5.445(5.424),1.770(1.760)]and[–23.741(–23.749),2.63(2.81)],respectively;these values are in excellent agreement with experimental ***,the calculated total scattering cross-sections are highly consistent with their experimental counterparts,having a percentage error of less than 1%.This computational approach can be easily extended to obtain interaction potentials for charged particle scattering.

关键词： inverse potentials neutron-proton scattering piece-wise smooth Morse function phase function method reference potential approach genetic algorithm

Theoretical Study of Screening Dependence of Aluminium Doped MgB_2

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第3期35卷 79-83页

作者： Gargee sharma Smita sharma Department of Physics Government Dungar College

The screening dependence of superconducting state parameters （λ, μ＊, Tc, α and NoV） of six alloys of aluminium doped MgB2 systems are studied in the BCS-Eliashberg-MeMillan framework by employing five forms of dielectric screening function, viz. random phase approximation （RPA）, Harrison, Geldart and Vosko （GV）, Hubbard and overhauser in conjunction with Ashcroft＇s potential. It is observed that electron-phonon coupling strength and Coulomb pseudopotential μ＊ are quite sensitive to the form of dielectric screening, whereas transition temperature Tc, isotope effect exponent α and effective interaction strength NoV show weak dependence on the form of dielectric screening function. It is found that the RPA form of dielectric screening function yields the best results for transition temperature Tc for all alloys of the Mg-Al-B system. The results obtained using GV screening are much higher than the experimental results. This shows that all the four dielectric screenings used here almost describe superconductivity in all the alloys of the Mg-Al-B system, but the GV screening is not suitable for such an alloy system.

关键词： Theoretical Study of Screening Dependence of Aluminium Doped MgB2 Al

Manifestation of earthquake preparation zone in the ionosphere before 2021 Sonitpur,Assam earthquake revealed by GPS-TEC data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 230-237页

作者： Gopal sharma North Eastern Space Applications Centre Umiam793103MeghalayaIndia

Global Positioning System(GPS)Continuously operating Reference Station(CoRS)data analysis shows that the ionosphere’s electron density variability is linked to the deformation and stress accumulation in the Earth’s *** in ionosphere total electron content(TEC)variability before 2021 M6.4 Sonitpur,Assam earthquake were detected using L1 and L2 GPS frequencies that showed three distinct abnormalities on April 3,9,10,***’s correlation coefficient(r)of TEC decreases in the CoRS that lies away from the earthquake epicenter,indicating the possibilities of a positive relationship between TEC variability and earthquake *** concentration also decreases towards the epicenter within the earthquake preparation zone(EPZ).It is also observed that the Pearson’s correlation coefficient(r)of TEC decreases linearly near the *** study demonstrates the possibilities of determining the TEC anomalous zone in the ionosphere that coincides with the EPZ in the crustal *** research indicated the possibilities of magnitude estimation of an impending earthquake based on the TEC anomalous zone in the ionosphere using closely spaced dense CoRS network data.

关键词： GPS TEC Sonitpur earthquake Ionosphere perturbation TEC anomaly Magnitude estimation