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Starchy and fibrous feedstuffs differ in their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and differently modulate gut microbiota of swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1402-1412页

作者： Utsav P.Tiwari Rabindra K.Mandal Kabi Raj Neupane Birendra Mishra Rajesh jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianaUSA Math and Sciences Division Leeward community collegePearl CityHI 96782USA

Background:Alternative feedstuffs may contribute to reducing feed costs of pig *** these feedstuffs are typically rich in fiber and resistant starch(RS).Dietary fibers and RS are fermented in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)and modulate the microbial *** microbes in the GIT can promote host health,depending on the type of fermentation substrates *** this study,six alternative feedstuffs(three starchy:Okinawan sweet potato,OSP;yam,and taro,and three fibrous:wheat millrun,WMR;barley brewers grain,BBG;and macadamia nut cake,MNC)were evaluated for their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and their effects on pig’s hindgut microbial *** 2 steps of enzymatic digestion assay,residues were fermented using fresh pig feces as microbial inoculum,and gas production was recorded periodically for 72 h and modeled for fermentation *** fermentation,the residual liquid phase was analyzed for short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and the solid phase was used to determine the nutrient’s digestibility and microbial ***:In vitro ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy was higher in starchy than fibrous *** gas and SCFA production were significantly higher(P<0.001)in starchy feedstuffs than fibrous *** acetate and propionate production was significantly higher(P<0.001)in all starchy feedstuffs than BBG and MNC;WMR was in *** alpha diversity was not significantly different within and between starchy and fibrous *** diversity(measured using bray Curtis dissimilarity distance)of starchy feedstuffs was significantly different(P<0.005)than fibrous ***:Starchy feedstuffs acted as a substrate to similar types of microbes,whereas fibrous feedstuffs resulted in a more diverse microbial *** alternative feedstuffs may exert comparable beneficial effects,thus may be included in swine diets to improve gut health.

关键词： Fermentation Fiber Gut health Microbial diversity Starch Swine

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WIDE:A witness-based data priority mechanism for vehicular forensics

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2022年第2期3卷 15-24页

作者： Chuka Ohama Regio A.Michelin Raja Jurdak Salil S.Kanhere Sanjay jha University of New South Wales(UNSW) SydneyNSW 2052Australia Queensland University of Technology(QUT) BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

In this paper,we present a WItness based Data priority mEchanism(WIDE)for vehicles in the vicinity of an accident to facilitate liability *** evaluates the integrity of data generated by these vehicles,called witnesses,in the event of an accident to assure the reliability of data to be used for making liability decisions and ensure that such data are received from credible *** achieve this,WIDE introduces a two-level integrity assessment to achieve end-to-end integrity by initially ascertaining the integrity of data-producing sensors,and validating that data generated have not been altered on transit by compromised road-side units(RSUs)by executing a practical byzantine fault tolerance(pBFT)protocol to reach consensus on data ***,WIDE utilises a blockchain based reputation management system(BRMS)to ensure that only data from highly reputable witnesses are utilised as contributing evidence for facilitating liability ***,we formally verify the proposed framework against data integrity requirements using the Automated Verification of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA)with High-Level Protocol Specification Language(HLPSL).Qualitative arguments show that our proposed framework is secured against identified security attacks and assures the reliability of data utilised for making liability decisions,while quantitative evaluations demonstrate that our proposal is practical for fully autonomous vehicle forensics.

关键词： Fully autonomous vehicles Electronic control units Blockchain Witness Forensics Security Consensus Fairness Automated verification of internet security protocols and applications(AVISPA)

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A Robust Automated Framework for Classification of CT Covid-19 Images Using MSI-ResNet

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 3215-3229页

作者： Aghila Rajagopal Sultan Ahmad Sudan jha Ramachandran Alagarsamy Abdullah Alharbi Bader Alouffi Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Sethu Institute of TechnologyKariapattiVirudhunagar626115TamilnaduIndia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of EngineeringKathmandu UniversityBanepaKathmanduNepal Department of CSE University College of EngineeringPanrutiTamilnaduIndia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Nowadays,the COVID-19 virus disease is spreading *** are some testing tools and kits available for diagnosing the virus,but it is in a lim-ited *** diagnose the presence of disease from radiological images,auto-mated COVID-19 diagnosis techniques are *** enhancement of AI(Artificial Intelligence)has been focused in previous research,which uses X-ray images for detecting *** most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever,dry cough and sore *** symptoms may lead to an increase in the rigorous type of pneumonia with a severe *** medical imaging is not suggested recently in Canada for critical COVID-19 diagnosis,computer-aided systems are implemented for the early identification of COVID-19,which aids in noticing the disease progression and thus decreases the death ***,a deep learning-based automated method for the extraction of features and classi-fication is enhanced for the detection of COVID-19 from the images of computer tomography(CT).The suggested method functions on the basis of three main pro-cesses:data preprocessing,the extraction of features and *** approach integrates the union of deep features with the help of Inception 14 and VGG-16 *** last,a classifier of Multi-scale Improved ResNet(MSI-ResNet)is developed to detect and classify the CT images into unique labels of *** the support of available open-source COVID-CT datasets that consists of 760 CT pictures,the investigational validation of the suggested method is *** experimental results reveal that the proposed approach offers greater performance with high specificity,accuracy and sensitivity.

关键词： Covid-19 CT images multi-scale improved ResNet AI inception 14 and VGG-16 models

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Analysis and Comparison of Two Wireless Battery Charger Arrangements for Electric Vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2015年第1期1卷 50-57页

作者： Giuseppe Buja Rupesh K.jha Manuele Bertoluzzo Mude K.Naik Department of Industrial Engineering University of PadovaPadovaItaly Department of Electrical Engineering AVVP UniversityBengaluruIndia

The paper deals with wireless battery chargers(WBCs)for plug-in electric vehicles(PEVs)and analyzes two arrangements for the receiver of a series-series resonant *** first arrangement charges the PEV battery in a straightforward manner through a diode *** second arrangement charges the PEV battery through the cascade of a diode rectifier and a chopper whose input voltage is kept *** of merit of WBCs such as efficiency and sizing factor of both the power source and the transmitter/receiver coils are ***,they are discussed and compared with reference to the case study of WBC for an electric city car.A proposal to optimize the efficiency of the second arrangement by a suitable selection of the chopper input voltage is *** on the efficiency of the two arrangements are included to support the theoretical results.

关键词： EV battery charging wireless charging charging arrangement

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Problem-Based Cybersecurity Lab with Knowledge Graph as Guidance

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Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology 2022年第2期2卷 55-61页

作者： Yuli Deng Zhen Zeng Kritshekhar jha Dijiang Huang Arizona State University USA

Lecture-based teaching paired with laboratory-based exercises is mostly used in cybersecurity ***,it focuses more on theories and models but fails to provide learners with practical problem-solving skills and opportunities to explore real-world cybersecurity ***-based learning(PBL)has been identified as an efficient pedagogy for many disciplines,especially engineering *** provides learners with real-world complex problem scenarios,which encourages learners to collaborate with classmates,ask questions,and develop a deeper understanding of the concepts while solving realworld cybersecurity *** article describes the application of the PBL methodology to enhance professional trainingbased cybersecurity *** authors developed an online laboratory environment to apply PBL with Knowledge Graph(KG)-based guidance for hands-on labs in cybersecurity *** are provided access to a virtual lab environment with KG guidance to simulated real-life cybersecurity ***,they are forced to think independently and apply their knowledge to create cyber attacks and defend approaches to solve problems provided to them in each *** experimental study shows that learners tend to gain more enhanced learning outcomes by leveraging PBL with KG guidance,become more aware of cybersecurity and relevant concepts,and express interest in keep learning of cybersecurity using our system.

关键词： laboratory knowledge graph cybersecurity

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Enhancement of properties of recycled coarse aggregate concrete using bacteria

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2016年第1期7卷 22-38页

作者： Kirti Kanta Sahoo Manoranjan Arakha Pradip Sarkar Robin Davis P Suman jha Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

Due to rapid construction,necessity for raw materials of concrete,especially coarse aggregate,tends to increase the danger of early exhaustion of the natural *** alternative source of raw materials would perhaps delay the advent of this early *** coarse aggregate(RCA)plays a great role as an alternative raw material that can replace the natural coarse aggregate(NCA)for *** studies show that the properties of RCA concrete are inferior in quality compared to NCA *** article attempts to study the improvement of properties of RCA concrete with the addition of bacteria named as Bacillus *** experimental inves-tigation was carried out to evaluate the improvement of the compres-sive strength,capillary water absorption,and drying shrinkage of RCA concrete incorporating *** compressive strength of RCA concrete is found to be increased by about 20%when the cell con-centration of *** is 10^(6) cells/*** capillary water absorptionas well as drying shrinkage of RCA are reduced when bacteria is *** improvement of RCA concrete is confirmed to be due to the calcium carbonate precipitation as observed from the microstructure studies carried out on it such as EDX,SEM,and XRD.

关键词： Bacteria compressive strength capillary action dry shrinkage

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Plasma production and preliminary results From the ADITYA Upgrade tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 7-14页

作者： R L TANNA J GHOSH Harshita RAJ Rohit KUMAR Suman AICH Vaibhav RANJAN K A JADEJA K M PATEL S B BHATT K SATHYANARAYANA P K CHATTOPADHYAY M N MAKWANA K S SHAH C N GUPTA V K PANCHAL Praveenlal EDAPPALA bharat ARAMBHADIYA Minsha SHAH Vismay RAULJI M B CHOWDHURI S BANERJEE R MANCHANDA D RAJU P K ATREY Umesh NAGORA J RAVAL Y S JOISA K TAHILIANI S K jha S K jha M V GOPALKRISHANA Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagar 382 428India HBNI Training School complexAnushakti NagarMumbai 400085India

The Ohmically heated circular limiter tokamak ADITYA （R0 = 75 cm, a = 25 cm） has been upgraded to a tokamak named the ADITYA Upgrade （ADITYA-U） with an open divertor configuration with divertor plates. The main goal of ADITYA-U is to carry out dedicated experiments relevant for bigger fusion machines including ITER, such as the generation and control of runaway electrons, disruption prediction, and mitigation studies, along with an improvement in confinement with shaped plasma. The ADITYA tokamak was dismantled and the assembly of ADITYA-U was completed in March 2016. Integration of subsystems like data acquisition and remote operation along with plasma production and preliminary plasma characterization of ADITYA-U plasmas are presented in this paper.

关键词： ADITYA-U tokamak Phase I plasma operation toroidal limiter enhanced parameters

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Dietary supplementation of dried plum:a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1056-1072页

作者： Sanjeev Wasti Nirvay Sah Amit K.Singh Chin N.Lee Rajesh jha Birendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:Heat stress is a significant problem in the poultry industry,causing a severe economic loss due to its detrimental effects on chickens’health and *** plum(DP)is a good source of minerals,vitamins,antioxidants,and phenolic *** have suggested that DP has several health benefits,such as maintaining the body’s redox system,immune status,and calcium *** on the health benefits of DP,we hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of DP would alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on broiler ***:To test the hypothesis,day-old broiler chicks(n=72)were randomly allocated to three treatment groups(n=24/group):no heat stress(NHS),heat stress(HS),and heat stress with dried plum(HS+DP),and reared under standard *** inclusion of 2.5%DP in the feed of the HS+DP group was made during the treatment period,while birds in other groups were provided with a standard finisher *** 21 days,birds in the HS and HS+DP groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress conditions(33℃ for 8 h during daytime)for 3 weeks,while those in the NHS group were reared under normal conditions(22-24℃).Weekly body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),and feed conversion ratio(FCR).Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight,ADG,ADFI,and increased FCR compared to the NHS group,whereas dietary supplementation of DP significantly improved these growth performance parameters compared to the HS ***,supplementation of DP significantly increased the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSF1,HSF3,HSP70,and HSP90),antioxidant-related genes(SOD1,SOD2,GPX1,GPX3,PRDX1,and TXN),tight junction-related genes(CLDN1,and OCLN),and immune-related genes(IL4,MUC2)in the ileum as compared to the HS *** microbiota analysis showed significant enrichment of Bacillales,Christensenellaceae,Bacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,and Anaerot

关键词： Dried plum Gene expression Heat stress Microbiota Mitigation

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Nanofat: A therapeutic paradigm in regenerative medicine

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第11期13卷 1733-1746页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Shilpa Sharma Charan Ganta Rajni Ranjan Saurabh Kumar jha Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics School of Medical Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306Uttar PradeshIndia Indian Stem Cell Study Group Lucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalDindigul 624001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Pediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029New DelhiIndia Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Kansas State UniversityManhattanUnited States 10002United States

Adipose tissue is a compact and well-organized tissue containing a heterogeneous cellular population of progenitor cells,including mesenchymal stromal *** to its availability and accessibility,adipose tissue is considered a“stem cell depot.”Adipose tissue products possess anti-inflammatory,anti-fibrotic,antiapoptotic,and immunomodulatory ***,being a compact bundle of stem cells with regenerative and tissue remodeling potential,has potential in translational and regenerative *** the wide range of applicability of its reconstructive and regenerative potential,the applications of nanofat can be used in various *** behaves on the line of adipose tissuederived mesenchymal stromal *** the site of injury,these stromal cells initiate a site-specific reparative response comprised of remodeling of the extracellular matrix,enhanced and sustained angiogenesis,and immune system *** properties of stromal cells provide a platform for the usage of regenerative medicine principles in curbing various *** about nanofat,including various preparation methods,characterization,delivery methods,evidence on practical applications,and ethical concerns are included in this ***,appropriate guidelines and preparation protocols for its optimal use in a wide range of clinical applications have yet to be standardized.

关键词： Adipose tissue Nanofat Stem cells Regenerative medicine Adipose stem cells

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Median Filtering Detection Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 929-943页

作者： Jinwei Wang Qiye Ni Yang Zhang Xiangyang Luo Yunqing Shi Jiangtao Zhai Sunil Kr jha Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Zhengzhou450001China Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Department of Electrical Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNew JerseyNJ07102USA

Median filtering is a nonlinear signal processing technique and has an advantage in the field of image ***,more attention has been paid to the forensics research of median *** this paper,a median filtering forensics method based on quaternion convolutional neural network(QCNN)is *** median filtering residuals(MFR)are used to preprocess the *** the output of MFR is expanded to four channels and used as the input of *** QCNN,quaternion convolution is designed that can better mix the information of different channels than traditional *** quaternion pooling layer is designed to evaluate the result of quaternion *** is proposed to features well combine the three-channel information of color image and fully extract forensics *** show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and shorter training time than the traditional convolutional neural network with the same convolution depth.

关键词： Median filtering forensics quaternion convolution layer quaternion pooling layer color image

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