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Water-soluble-template-derived nanoscale silicon nano- flake and nano-rod morphologies： Stable architectures for lithium-ion battery anodes

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Nano Research 2017年第12期10卷 4284-4297页

作者： bharat Gattu Prashanth Hanumantha Jampani Moni Kanchan Datta Ramalinga Kuruba Prashant N. Kumta Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 1526 I USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 1526 I USA Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) University of Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA

Earth abundant and economical rock salt （NaC1） particles of different sizes （〈3 μm and 5-20 μm） prepared by high energy mechanical milling were used as water-soluble templates for generation of Si with novel nanoscale architectures via low pressure chemical vapor deposition （LPCVD）. Si nanoflakes （SiNF） comprising largely amorphous Si （a-Si） with a small volume fraction of nanocrystalline Si （nc-Si）, and Si nanorods （SiNR） composed of a larger volume fraction of crystalline Si （c-Si） and a small volume fraction of a-Si resulted from modification of the NaCI crystals. SiNF yielded first-cycle discharge and charge capacities of -2,830 and 2,175 mAh.g-1, respective134 at a current rate of 50 mA.g-1 with a first-cycle irreversible loss （FIR loss） of -15%-20%. SiNR displayed first-cycle discharge and charge capacities of -2,980 and -2,500 mAh-g-1, respectively, at a current rate of 50 mA-g-1 with an FIR loss of -12%-15%. However, at a current rate of 1 A.g-1, SiNF exhibited a stable discharge capacity of -810 mAh-g-1 at the end of 250 cycles with a fade rate of -0.11% loss per cycle, while SiNR showed a stable specific discharge capacity of -740 mAh.g-1 with a fade rate of -0.23% loss per cycle. The morphology of the nanostructures and compositions of the different phases/phase of Si influence the performance of SiNF and SINK, making them attractive anodes for lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： silicon nanoflakes nanorods water-soluble template NaC1

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Interaction Between Memory Load and Experimental Design on Brain Connectivity and Network Topology

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第4期39卷 631-644页

作者： Heming Zhang Xin Di Bart Rypma Hang Yang Chun Meng bharat Biswal The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroinformationCenter for Information in MedicineSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark07102USA Department of Psychology University of Texas at DallasDallas75390USA

The conventional approach to investigating functional connectivity in the block-designed study usually concatenates task blocks or employs residuals of task *** providing many insights into brain functions,the block design adds more manipulation in functional network analysis that may reduce the purity of the blood oxygenation level-dependent *** studies utilized one single long run for task trials of the same condition,the so-called continuous design,to investigate functional connectivity based on task functional magnetic resonance *** brain activities associated with the single-task condition can be directly utilized for task-related functional connectivity assessment,which has been examined for working memory,sensory,motor,and semantic task experiments in previous *** it remains unclear how the block and continuous design influence the assessment of task-related functional connectivity *** study aimed to disentangle the separable effects of block/continuous design and working memory load on task-related functional connectivity networks,by using repeated-measures analysis of *** 50 young healthy adults,behavioral results of accuracy and reaction time showed a significant main effect of design as well as interaction between design and *** results revealed that the cingulo-opercular,fronto-parietal,and default model networks were associated with not only task activation,but significant main effects of design and load as well as their interaction on intra-and inter-network functional connectivity and global network ***,a significant behavior-brain association was identified for the continuous *** work has extended the evidence that continuous design can be used to study task-related functional connectivity and subtle brain-behavioral relationships.

关键词： Working memory Functional connectivity Network topology Block design Continuous design Memory load

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Biogeographical and palaeoclimate appraisal of mangrove vegetation in South Asia and Southeast Asia in the post Himalayan uplift scenario

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科学通报 2013年第S1期58卷 126-133页

作者： LIMAYE Ruta bharat KUMARAN Krisnamenon Palghat Navnith Palynology and Palaeoclimate Laboratory Palaeobiology GroupAgharkar Research Institute

Fossil evidence indicates that mangrove species have had their first appearance in the Late Cretaceous(70 65 Ma) and they have evolved around the Tethys seaway after the plate tectonics and the movement of the continents when Tethys Sea was fast closing as the massive continental fragments continued to shift and jostle across the globe. The oldest geological record of Acrostichum and Nypa palm offers good examples as these species prefer low-salinity requirements and have wide ecological tolerance. Such environmental and habitat preferences must have been the probable reason for their initial adaptation to mangrove habitat and a wider distribution. The open sea link must have also provided enough coastal areas for the establishment of mangrove ecosystem and subsequent spreading of the mangroves into newer areas by Early to Middle Eocene(ca 50–40 Ma). However, the mangroves started acquiring the present geographical positions towards OligoceneMiddle Miocene period. The fossil record and the modern analogues of Kandelia, Nypa and Pelliciera indicate that their biogeographical preferences have been shifted due to oceanic reorganization wherein the latter is now confined only to Atlantic East Pacific mangrove realm despite it was earlier widespread in the Tethys Sea. Although Rhizophora and Avicennia differ only at the species level and common occurrence of Acrostichum aureum, the present mangrove distribution shows the contrast in the biogeography of many genera due to geomorphic barriers and climatic changes. The Himalayan uplift and establishment of Asian summer monsoon system towards Late Neogene has also affected the coastal dynamics considerably which in turn modified the distribution of mangrove vegetation of the Indian subcontinent. The loss of sensitive habitats, disjunct distribution of a few species and local extinction of significant taxa has affected the overall biogeography of mangroves in South and SE Asia.

关键词： Palaeomangroves modern analogues biogeography Palaeoclimate South and Southeast Asia Himalayan uplift

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Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in Response to Perennial Bioenergy Grass, Cover Crop and Nitrogen Fertilization

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 223-235页

作者： Upendra M. SAINJU Hari P. SINGH bharat P. SINGH USDA Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Sidney MT 59270 (USA) Fort Valley State University Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley GA 31030 (USA)

Cover crop and nitrogen （N） fertilization may maintain soil organic matter under bioenergy perennial grass where removal of aboveground biomass for feedstock to produce cellulosic ethanol can reduce soil quality. We evaluated the effects of cover crops and N fertilization rates on soil organic carbon （C）（SOC）, total N （STN）, ammonium N （NH4-N）, and nitrate N （NO3-N） contents at the 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm depths under perennial bioenergy grass from 2010 to 2014 in the southeastern USA. Treatments included unbalanced combinations of perennial bioenergy grass, energy cane （Saccharum spontaneum L.） or elephant grass （Pennisetum pur- pureum Schumazh.）, cover crop, crimson clover （Trifolium incarnatum L.）, and N fertilization rates （0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-l）. Cover crop biomass and C and N contents were greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha-1 than in the treatment of energy cane and elephant grass. The SOC and STN contents at 0-5 and 5-15 cm were 9%-20% greater in the treatments of elephant grass with cover crop and with or without 100 kg N ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The soil NO3-N content at 0--5 cm was 31%-45% greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. The SOC sequestration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 Mg C ha-1 year-1 and the STN sequestration from 0.03 to 0.11 Mg N ha-1 year-1 from 2010 to 2014 for various treatments and depths. In contrast, the soil NH4-N and NO3-N contents varied among treatments, depths, and years. Soil C and N storages can be enriched and residual NO3-N content can be reduced by using elephant grass with cover crop and with or without N fertilization at a moderate rate.

关键词： C and N storages C sequestration feedstock management practices N cycling nitrate soil organic matter

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Tillage, crop residue, and nutrient management effects *** organic carbon in rice-based cropping systems： A review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第1期16卷 1-15页

作者： Rajan Ghimire Sushil Lamichhane bharat Sharma Acharya Prakriti Bista Upendra Man Sainju Agricultural Science Center New Mexico State University NM 88101 USA Soil Science Division Nepal Agricultural Research Council Khumaltar Nepal Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State University OK 74078 USA Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center Oregon State University OR 97801 USA Northern Plains Agricultural Research Lab USDA-ARS MT 59270 USA

Soil organic carbon （SOC） sequestration is one of the major agricultural strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions, enhance food security, and improve agricultural sustainability. This paper synthesizes the much-needed state- of-knowledge on the effects of tillage, crop residue, and nutrient management practices on SOC sequestration and identifies potential research gap, opportunities, and challenges in studying SOC dynamics in rice （Oryza sativa L.）-based cropping systems in South Asia, mainly in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Improved management prac- tices such as reduced- and no-tillage management, nitrogen （N） fertilizer and farmyard manure （FYM） application, and crop residue addition can improve SOC accumulation. Positive effects of no-tillage, crop residue addition, N addition through manure or compost application, and integration of organic and chemical fertilizers on SOC accumulation in rice-based cropping systems have been documented from South Asia. However, limited data and enormous discrepancies in SOC measurements across the region exist as the greatest challenge in increasing SOC sequestration and improving agricultural sustainability. More research on SOC as influenced by alternative tillage, crop residue, and nutrient management systems, and development of SOC monitoring system for existing long-term experiments will advance our understanding of the SOC dynamics in rice-based cropping systems and improve agricultural system sustainability in South Asia.

关键词： carbon mapping carbon sequestration crop residue no-tillage rice-wheat system

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Editorial

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2022年第4期5卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Farhaoui, Yousef Bhushan, bharat Fattah, Mohammed Aghoutane, Badraddine Faculty of Sciences and Technic Moulay Ismail University Morocco Sharda University India Est Moulay Ismail University Morocco Fs Moulay Ismail University Morocco

In the current scenario,information technology is taking maximum benefits from the“Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things”.In order to get quality articles,we have circulated the call for paper to the researchers and academician and received numbers of quality ***,due to scope of special issue and review reports,we were able to add papers in this issue.

关键词： benefits quality technology

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Dilatometric Sintering of Ti-2A1 and Ti-5AI Elemental Powders

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第3期23卷 363-366页

作者： bharat B.PANIGRAHI N.Subba REDDY Karabi DAS M.M.GODKHINDI Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

The effect of Al addition （2 and 5 at. pct） on sintering kinetics of Ti power were investigated. Al reduces the sintering rates, sinter density, increases activation energy of sintering and accelerates the grain growth. Sintering was controlled by mixed mode, i.e. transient liquid phase sintering, formation of intermetallics, and Ti grain boundary diffusion in TiAl2 and other intermetallics.

关键词： Dilatometry Sintering Diffusion Activation energy

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L-Proline catalyzed one-pot multi-component synthesis of 2-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives and their biological studies

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第5期25卷 741-744页

作者： Hemal B. Mehta bharat C. Dixit Ritu B. Dixit Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences Chemistry Departments V. P. and R. P. T. P Science CollegeAffiliated to Sardar Patel University

A new series of quinazolin-4（3H）-one derivatives containing a（1 3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl） core with substituents at the 2-position and aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents at the 3-position were synthesized using an L-proline catalyzed one-pot multi-component reaction *** the synthesized compounds were characterized and screened for their antimicrobial,antifungal and anti-tubercular activities.

关键词： Quinazolin-4(3H)-one Pyrazole L-Proline Antimicrobial Antifungal Anti-tubercular activity

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Mucormycosis – resurgence of a deadly opportunist during COVID-19 pandemic: Four case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11338-11345页

作者： Shalini Upadhyay Tanisha Bharara Manisha Khandait Ankit Chawdhry bharat Bhushan Sharma Department ofMicrobiology SGT UniversityGurugram 122505HaryanaIndia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery SGT UniversityGurugram 122505HaryanaIndia Department of Radiology SGT UniversityGurugram 122505HaryanaIndia

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients who suffer severe infection or comorbidities have an increased risk of developing fungal *** is a possibility that such infections are missed or misdiagnosed,in which case patients may suffer higher morbidity and ***-19 infection,aggressive management strategies and comorbidities like diabetes render patients prone to opportunistic fungal *** is one of the opportunistic fungal infections that may affect treated COVID *** SUMMARY We present a case series of four adult males who were diagnosed with mucormycosis post-COVID-19 *** the patients had diabetes and a history of systemic corticosteroids for treatment of *** mean duration between diagnosis of COVID-19 and development of symptoms of mucor was 15.5±14.5(7–30)*** patients underwent debridement and were started on antifungal *** patient was referred to a higher center for further management,but the others responded well to treatment and showed signs of improvement at the last *** Early diagnosis and management of mucormycosis with appropriate and aggressive antifungals and surgical debridement can improve survival.

关键词： Zygomycetes Fungal infection COVID-19 co-infection Diabetes mellitus Case series Case report

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Design and comparative in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of starch-acrylate graft copolymer based salbutamol sulphate sustained release tablets

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第3期10卷 239-246页

作者： Pankaj Kumar Ashok Laxmanrao Ganure bharat Bhushan Subudhi Shubhanjali Shukla Pooja Upadhyay School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Siksha O Anusandhan UniversityKhandagiri SquareBhubaneswarOrissa 751030India Sahyadri College of Pharmacy SangolaSolapurM.S.413307India Department of Pharmaceutics Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindu University)Varanasi 221005India Department of Advanced Pharmaceutical Science Manipal UniversityKarnataka 576104India

The present work deals with the development of controlled release tablets of salbutamol sulphate(SS)using graft copolymers of methyl methacrylate(St-g-PMMA and Ast-g-PMMA)on starch and acetylated *** were evaluated for physical characteristics like hardness,friability,drug release,drug content and weight variations,which fulfilled all the official requirements of tablet dosage *** release rates from formulated matrix tablets were studied at SGF(pH 1.2)followed by SIF(pH 6.8).Drug release from the graft copolymer based tablets was found to be sustained upto the 14 h with>75%drug *** in-vitro release study showed that the graft copolymer based matrix formulations(F3&F4)exhibited highest correlation value(r2)for higuchi kinetic model and Korsmeyer's model with n values between 0.61 and 0.67 proved that release mechanisms were governed by both diffusion and erosion *** was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters(tmax,Cmax,AUC,Ke,and t1/2)of the graft copolymers matrices and HPMC K100M matrix tablets,indicating their comparable sustained release *** potential of graft copolymers to sustain the drug release is well supported by in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies and their adequate physicochemical properties make them promising excipients for controlled drug delivery system.

关键词： Salbutamol sulphate Methyl methacrylate Graft copolymers Acetylated starch Korsmeyer's model In vitro and in vivo

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