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Mass transport in a highly immiscible alloy on extended shear deformation

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第3期134卷 197-208页

作者： Miao Song Jia Liu Xiaolong Ma Qin Pang Matthew J.Olszta Joshua Silverstein Madhusudhan R.Pallaka Peter V.Sushko Suveen N.Mathaudhu Cynthia Powell Arun Devaraj bharat gwalani Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Material Science and Engineering Program University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St.GoldenCO 8040USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695-7907USA State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South Uni-versityChangsha 410083China

Forced mixing to a single-phase or supersaturated solid solution(SSS)and its prerequisite microstructure evolution in immiscible systems has been a focus of research for fundamental science and practical *** the formation of SSS by shear deformation could enable a material design beyond conventional equilibrium microstructure in immiscible ***,a highly immiscible Cu-50 at.%Cr binary alloy(mixing enthalpy of∼20 kJ mol^(−1))was employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and localized tendencies of SSS during severe shear *** results demonstrate the dislocation mediated microstructural refinement process in each phase of the binary alloy and the mechanisms associated with localized solute supersaturation as a function of shear *** grain refinement in the softer Cu phase occurs owing to the strain localization driving the preferential dynamic *** grain refinement of the Cr phase,however,is enabled by the progressive evolution of grain lamination,splitting,and fragmentation as a function of shear *** solute supersaturation is found to be strongly dependent on the local environments that affect the dislocation activity,including the level of microstructure refinement,the interfacial orientation relationship,the mechanical incompatibility,and the localized preferential phase *** initio simulations confirm that it is more favorable to oxidize Cr than Cu at incoherent Cu/Cr interfaces,limiting the mass transport on an incoherent *** results unveil the mechanism underpinning the non-equilibrium mass transport in immiscible systems upon severe deformation that can be applied to produce immiscible alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Tribology Immiscible alloys Nanostructures Shear deformation Forced mixing Atom probe

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Remote sensing and census based assessment and scope for improvement of rice and wheat water productivity in the Indo-Gangetic Basin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3300-3308页

作者： SHARMA bharat International Water Management Institute (IWMI) New Delhi Office NASC Complex CG Block Dev Prakash Shastri Marg Pusa New Delhi 110012 India

Understanding of crop water productivity (WP) over large scale, e.g., river basin, has significant impli-cations for sustainable basin development planning. This paper presents a simplified approach to combine remote sensing, census and weather data to analyze basin rice and wheat WP in Indo-Gangetic River Basin, South Asia. A crop dominance map is synthesized from ground truth data and three existing LULC maps. National statistics on crop area and production information are collected and the yield is interpolated to pixel level using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Crop evapotranspiration is mapped using simplified surface energy balance (SSEB) model with MODIS land surface temperature products and meteorological data collected from 56 weather stations. The average ET by rice and wheat is 368 mm and 210 mm respectively, accounting for only 69% and 65% of potential ET, and 67% and 338% of rainfall of the crop growth period measured from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM). Average WP for rice and wheat is 0.84 and 1.36 kg/m3 respectively. WP variability generally follows the same trend as shown by crop yield disregarding climate and topography changes. Sum of rice-wheat water productivity, however, exhibits different variability leading to better understanding of irrigation water management as wheat heavily relies on irrigation. Causes for variations and scope for improvement are also analyzed.

关键词： crop water productivity remote sensing census Indo-Gangetic Basin

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Friction and wear characteristics of robust carbon–carbon composites developed solely from petroleum pitch without reimpregnation

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 945-956页

作者： Shishobhan SHARMA bharat PATEL Rasmika PATEL Department of Materials Science Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh VidyanagarAnandGujarat 380012India Kana Advanced Composites Industry PORVadodaraGujarat 380012India

Friction and wear characteristics correlating the fiber reinforcement percentage of carbon–carbon (C/C) composites solely developed from petroleum pitch matrices were investigated. This study exhibits the tribo-characteristics of C/C composites developed in a single-step carbonization process for varying loads for the first time without a reimpregnation process. A pin-on-disc tribometer with a sliding speed of 0.5 m/s and loads of 5, 10, and 20 N with a flat tool grade stainless steel pin as a static partner was employed. Further, polarized light optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM) were utilized for a morphological analysis. Elastic modulus and strength were determined by a compression test. A result analysis is conducted to analyze sliding wear accompanied with minor abrasion. The composites with a high percentage of reinforcement exhibit credible wear resistance and mechanical robustness.

关键词： carbon sliding wear microstructure composite friction pitch characterization

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Kinematic Modeling for Biped Robot Gait Trajectory Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 355-369页

作者： bharat Singh Ankit Vijayvargiya Rajesh Kumar Department of Electrical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of TechnologyJaipur 302017India

This paper presents the predictive models for biped robot trajectory *** models are parametrizing as a continuous function of joint angle *** a previous work,the authors had collected the human locomotion dataset at RAMAN Lab,MNIT,Jaipur,*** MNIT gait dataset consists of walking data on a plane surface of 120 human subjects from different age groups and ***-two machine learning models(linear,support vector,k-nearest neighbor,ensemble,probabilistic,and deep learning)trained using the collected *** addition,two types of mapping,(a)one-to-one and(b)many-to-one,are presented for each *** mapping models act as a reference policy for the control of joints and prediction of state for the next time instant in advance if the onboard sensor *** show that the deep learning and probabilistic learning models perform better for both types of ***,the probabilistic model outperforms the deep learning-based models in terms of maximum error,because the probabilistic model effectively deals with the prediction *** addition,many-to-one outperforms the one-to-one mapping because it captures the correlation between knee,hip,and ankle ***,this study suggests a many-to-one mapping using the probabilistic model for biped robot trajectory generation.

关键词： Kinematic Locomotion Machine learning Prediction Regression

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Development and comparison of aerial photograph aided visualization pipelines for LiDAR datasets

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第8期8卷 656-677页

作者： Suddhasheel Ghosh bharat Lohani Department of Civil Engineering MGM’s Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering CollegeAurangabadIndia Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpurIndia

Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)technology generates dense and precise threedimensional datasets in the form of point *** methods of mapping with airborne LiDAR datasets deal with the process of classification or feature specific *** processes have been observed to be time-consuming and unfit to handle in scenarios where topographic information is required in a small amount of *** there is a requirement of developing methods which process the data and reconstruct the scene in a small amount of *** paper presents several pipelines for visualizing LiDAR datasets without going through classification and compares them using statistical methods to rank these processes in the order of depth and feature *** make the comparison more meaningful,a manually classified and computer-aided design(CAD)reconstructed dataset is also included in the list of compared *** show that a heuristic-based method,previously developed by the authors perform almost equivalent to the manually classified and reconstructed dataset,for the purposes of *** paper makes some distinct contributions as:(1)gives a heuristics-based visualization pipeline for LiDAR datasets,and(2)presents an experimental design supported by statistical analysis to compare different pipelines.

关键词： LiDAR mining feature extraction visualization experiment design nonparametric statistics

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Efficient Scalable Template-Matching Technique for Ancient Brahmi Script Image

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1541-1559页

作者： Sandeep Kaur bharat Bhushan Sagar Department of CSE Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchi835215India

Analysis and recognition of ancient scripts is a challenging task as these scripts are inscribed on pillars,stones,or *** recognition systems can help in preserving,sharing,and accelerate the study of the ancient scripts,but lack of standard dataset for such scripts is a major *** many scholars and researchers have captured and uploaded inscription images on various websites,manual searching,downloading and extraction of these images is tedious and error *** search queries return a vast number of irrelevant results,and manually extracting images for a specific script is not *** paper proposes a novelmultistage system to identify the specific set of script images from a large set of images downloaded from web *** proposed system combines the two most important pattern matching techniques-Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT)and Template matching,in a sequential pipeline,and by using the key strengths of each technique,the system can discard irrelevant images while retaining a specific type of images.

关键词： Brahmi script SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform) multi-scale template matching web scraping

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Habitat Range of two Alpine Medicinal Plants in a Trans-Himalayan Dry Valley,Central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第1期6卷 66-77页

作者： bharat Babu SHRESTHA Pramod Kumar JHA Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal

Understanding of the habitat range of threatened Himalayan medicinal plants which are declining in their abundance due to high anthropogenic disturbances is essential for developing conservation strategies and agrotechnologies for cultivation. In this communication, we have discussed the habitat range of two alpine medicinal plants, Aconitum naviculare （Bruehl） Stapf and Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora （Pennel） Hong in a trans-Himalayan dry valley of central Nepal, Manang district. They are the most prioritized medicinal plants of the study area in terms of ethnomedicinal uses. A. naviculare occurs on warm and dry south facing slopes between 4090-4650 m asl along with sclerophyllous and thorny alpine scrubs, while N. scrophulariiflora is exclusively found on cool and moist north facing slope between 4000 and 4400 m asl where adequate water is available from snow melt to create a suitable habitat for this wetland dependent species. The soil in rooting zone of the two plants differs significantly in organic carbon （OC）, organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （N） and carbon to nitrogen （C/N） ratio. Due to cool and moist condition of N. scrophulariiflora habitat, accumulation of soil OC is higher, but soil N content is lower probably due to slow release from litter, higher leaching loss and greater retention in perennial live biomass of the plant. The C/N ratio of soil is more suitable in A. navuculare habitat than that of N scrophulariiflora for N supply. Warm and sunny site with N rich soil can be suitable for cultivation ofA. naviculare, while moist and cool site with organic soil for N. scrophulariiflora. The populations of both the plants are fragmented and small. Due to collection by human and trampling damage by livestock, the population of A. naviculare was found absent in open areas in five of the six sampling sites and it was confined only within the bushes of alpine scrubs. For N. serophulariiflora, high probability of complete receding of small glaeiers may be

关键词： Aconitum naviculare Neopicrorhizascrophulariiflora habitat degradation nitrogen organic carbon radiation Manang Nepal

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Changes in regeneration and leaf traits of Rhododendron campanulatum along a treeline ecotone in central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第3期17卷 602-613页

作者： SHARMA Prasad Krishna TIWARI Achyut SHRESTHA Babu bharat Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44613Nepal Budhanilkantha School Kathmandu44622Nepal

Changes in population structure and plant functional traits across environmental gradient in the near natural treeline is a critical determinant of environmental changes in treelines. In this study we analyzed population characteristics and leaf traits of Rhododendron campanulatum across treeline ecotone in a trans-Himalayan region of Mustang district in central Nepal. Along 4 vertical transects, a total of 72 quadrats(5 m × 5 m)-34 above Betula utilis treeline and 38 below treeline-were sampled to analyze the population structure, regeneration,specific leaf area(SLA) and leaf-stem relationship of R. campanulatum. Our results showed that the regeneration of R. campanulatum was fairly good in both habitats, as evident from density-diameter *** species showed type Ⅲ survivorship curve in both habitats with the highest mortality during early stage of life. However, the seedling density and mortality was higher below treeline than above treeline. Canopy cover and basal cover were found to be the major factors affecting regeneration, as indicated by higher number of juveniles in relatively open areas above treeline. The total leaf area increased(p <0.001) with stem cross-section area in both habitats. However, the SLA was higher below treeline(55 cm^2/g) than above(47 cm^2/g)(p < 0.001);it also increased with the canopy cover of trees(R^2 =0.59, p <0.001) below the treeline. In conclusion,high density of juvenile, low mortality of seedlings,and low SLA above treeline indicated that the species has successfully adapted in climatically stressful alpine habitat with potential to expand upward.

关键词： Rhododendron Climate change Life table Mortality Specific leaf area Mustang district

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Microstructure and property of rheocasting AZ91 slurry produced via ultrasonic vibration process

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第3期24卷 619-625页

作者：尧军平孙众杨涛 bharat BBUSHAN 龙文元张磊南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院南昌330063 Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ohio State University OH 43210 USA

The microstructure and mechanical properties of rheocasting AZ91 magnesium alloy were investigated. The semisolid slurry of this alloy was prepared by ultrasonic vibration （USV） process and then shaped by high pressure diecasting （HPDC）. The results show that fine and spherical a-Mg particles were obtained by USV at the nucleation stage, which was mainly attributed to the cavitation and acoustic streaming induced by the USV. Extending USV treatment time increased the solid volume fraction and average particle size, the shape factors were nearly the same, about 0.7. Excellent semisolid slurry of AZ91 magnesium alloy could be obtained within 6 rain by USV near its liquidus temperature. The rheo-HPDC samples treated by USV for 6 min had the maximum ultimate tensile strength and elongation, which were 248 MPa and 7.4%, respectively. It was also found that the ductile fracture mode prevailed in the rheocasting AZ91 magnesium alloy.

关键词： AZ91 magnesium alloy ultrasonic vibration rheocasting semisolid slurry mechanical properties fracture surface

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Recent Advancements in the Development of Self Healing Concrete-A Systematic Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第6期39卷 1449-1460页

作者： A Ravi Theja M Srinivasula Reddy bharat Bhushan Jindal C Sashidhar Assistant Professor in SVR Engineering College NandyalAndhra PradeshIndia Associate Professor of Civil Engineering G Pulla Reddy Engineering CollegeKurnoolAPIndia Assistant Professor in School of Civil Engineering Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityJammu and KashmirIndia Professor of Civil Engineering JNTU College of EngineeringJNTUAAnanthapuramuAndhra PradeshIndia

Mechanical as well as durability properties are pivotal for any type of concrete which gets adversely affected due to cracks that may form due to loading beyond its *** has the intrinsic property to heal itself to some extent but not fully as the passive form of autogenous healing plays an inferior role for a complete repair of a cementitious *** self-healing capabilities can be enhanced by adding chemical admixtures,polymers,and bacteria strains induced calcium carbonate precipitation,*** this paper,the advancements in the development and performance of self-healing concrete using chemical admixtures,polymers,and bacteria strains are *** systematic review includes the available experimental tests and methodologies investigating self-healing efficiency over the last ***,this review focussed on self-healing materials,the ideology,and opinions of those in the construction field on the direction of self-healing concrete for future *** is yet not possible to predict the most appropriate technique,however,a generalized opinion about the effectiveness of the different approaches has been illustrated.

关键词： self-healing cracks bio-based healing chemical additives-based healing

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