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中国涂料 2024年第2期39卷 75-76页

作者： bettina hoffmann 不详

自2020年以来,涂料市场经历了一段动荡、艰难的时期,至今仍未完全稳定下来,不过,助剂的好日子也即将又一次到来。即使增长潜力既不可靠,规模也不大,但再也不会存在挥之不去的不确定性迹象。近年来,助剂制造商面临着各种挑战。与所有原... 详细信息

自2020年以来,涂料市场经历了一段动荡、艰难的时期,至今仍未完全稳定下来,不过,助剂的好日子也即将又一次到来。即使增长潜力既不可靠,规模也不大,但再也不会存在挥之不去的不确定性迹象。近年来,助剂制造商面临着各种挑战。与所有原材料供应商一样,大多数的全球性问题引起了很多连锁反应:新冠肺炎疫情、通货膨胀和价格波动引起的材料短缺、供应链延误、需求波动。然而,全球涂料助剂市场的发展令人备受鼓舞:市场研究机构Frost&Sullivan认为,2022年的销售额约为98亿欧元。这相当于估计250万~300万t的销售量(见图1)。

关键词：涂料助剂市场研究机构涂料市场原材料供应商全球性问题连锁反应需求波动增长潜力

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维普期刊数据库

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Differential selection in HIV-1 gp120 between subtype B and East Asian variant B'

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Virologica Sinica 2014年第1期29卷 40-47页

作者： Stefan Dang Yan Wang bettina Budeus Jens Verheyen Rongge Yang Daniel hoffmann Research Group Bioinformatics Center of Medical Biotechnology and Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Duisburg-Essen AIDS and HIV Research Group State Key Laboratory of VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyChineseAcademy of Sciences Institute of Virology University of Duisburg-Essen

HIV-1 evolves strongly and undergoes geographic differentiation as it spreads in diverse host populations around the *** instance,distinct genomic backgrounds can be observed between the pandemic subtype B,prevalent in Europe and North-America,and its offspring clade B＇ in East *** we ask whether this differentiation affects the selection pressure experienced by the *** answer this question we evaluate selection pressure on the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 at the level of individual codons using a simple and fast estimation method based on the ratio ka/ks of amino acid changes to synonymous *** validate the approach we compare results to those from a state-of-the-art mixed-effect *** agreement is acceptable,but the analysis also demonstrates some limitations of the simpler ***,we find similar distributions of codons under stabilizing and directional selection pressure in gp120 for subtypes B and B＇ with more directional selection pressure in variable loops and more stabilizing selection in the constant *** on codons with increased ka/ks values in B＇,we show that these codons are scattered over the whole of gp120,with remarkable clusters of higher density in regions flanking the variable *** identify a significant statistical association of glycosylation sites and codons with increased ka/ks values.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus 1 selection pressure genomic background

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维普期刊数据库

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Ex vivo limb perfusion for traumatic amputation in military medicine

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 489-496页

作者： Alexander Kaltenborn Nicco Krezdorn Sebastian hoffmann AndréGutcke Kirsten Haastert-Talini Peter M.Vogt Axel Haverich bettina Wiegmann Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery PlasticHand and Reconstructive SurgeryArmed Forces Hospital WesterstedeWesterstedeGermany Department of Plastic AestheticHand and Reconstructive SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology Hannover Medical SchoolHannover and Center for Systems Neuroscience(ZSN)WesterstedeGermany Department of Cardiothoracic Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Background:Limb loss has a drastic impact on a patient’s *** trauma to the extremities is common in current military *** other aspects,"life before limb"damage control surgery hinders immediate replantation within the short post-traumatic timeframe,which is limited in part by the ischemic time for successful *** vivo limb perfusion is currently being researched in animal models and shows promising results for its application in human limb replantation and *** of the hypothesis:The current lack of replantation possibilities in military operations with high rates of amputation can be addressed with the development of a portable ex vivo limb perfusion device,as there are several opportunities present with the introduction of this technique on the *** hypothesize that ex vivo limb perfusion will enable overcoming the critical ischemic time,provide surgical opportunities such as preparation of the stump and limb,allow for spare-part surgery,enable rigorous antibiotic treatment of the limb,reduce ischemiareperfusion injuries,enable a tissue function assessment before replantation,and enable the development of large limb transplant *** the hypothesis:Data from in vivo studies in porcine models are limited by the relatively short perfusion time of 24 *** the military setting,notably longer perfusion times need to be ***,future animal studies must focus especially on long-term perfusion,since this represents the military setting,considering the time for stabilization of the patient until evacuation to a tertiary treatment *** of the hypothesis:The development and clinical introduction of ex vivo limb perfusion in the military setting could lead to a drastic reduction in the number of limb amputations among service *** vivo limb perfusion enables replantation surgery in Role 4 facilities and changes the clinical setting from a highly urgent,lifethreatening s

关键词： Ex vivo limb perfusion traumatic amputation ischemia and reperfusion-related injuries hypothesis

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维普期刊数据库

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