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Pandemic COVID-19:Current status and challenges of antiviral therapies

Genes & Diseases 2020年第4期7卷 502-519页

作者： Winglam Chan betsy he Xiong Wang Ming-Liang he Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNYUSA CityU Shenzhen Research Institute NanshanShenzhenChina

The pandemic COVID-19,caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection,has infected over 12 million individuals and caused more than 55,200 death worldwide.Currently,there is no specific drug to treating this disease.here we summarized the mechanisms of antiviral therapies and the clinic findings from different countries.Antiviral chemotherapies have been conducted by in multiple cohorts in different counties.Although FDA has fast approved remdesivir for treating COVID-19,it only speeds up recovery from COVID-19 with mildly reduced mortality.The chloroquine was suggested a potential drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its in vitro antiviral effects,it is imperative high-quality data from worldwide clinical trials are necessitated for an approved therapy.In terms of hydroxychloroquine(HCQ)therapy,although WHO has stopped all the clinic trials due to its strong side-effects in COVID patients,large scale clinical trials with a long-term outcome follow-up may warrant HCQ and azithromycin combination in combating the virus.Convalescent plasma(CP)therapy suggested its safety use in SARS-CoV-2 infection;but both CP immunotherapy and NK cellular therapy must be manufactured and utilized according to scrupulous ethical and controlled conditions to guarantee a possible role of these products of human origin.Further research should be conducted to define the exact mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis,suitable animal models or ex vivo human lung tissues aid in studying replication,transmission and spread of the novel viruses,thereby facilitating highly effective therapies.

关键词： Chloroquine Convalescent plasma therapy COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine Ivermectin Natural killer cell therapy Remdesivir SARS-CoV-2

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Design of a Novel Exoskeleton with Passive Magnetic Spring Self-locking and Spine Lateral Balancing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 236-255页

作者： Jhon F.Rodríguez-León betsy D.M.Chaparro-Rico Daniele Cafolla Francesco Lago Eduardo Castillo-Castañeda Giuseppe Carbone Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Unidad Querétaro MecatronicaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCerro Blanco 14176090 Colinas del CimatarioQuerétaroMexico Department of Mechanical Energy and Management EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaVia P.Bucci Cubo 46 C87036 RendeItaly Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Computer ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK CESTER University of Cluj-NapocaCluj-NapocaRomania

This paper proposes a new upper-limb exoskeleton to reduce worker physical strain.The proposed design is based on a novel PRRRP(P-Prismatic;R-Revolute)kinematic chain with 5 passive Degrees of Freedom(DoF).Utilizing a magnetic spring,the proposed mechanism includes a specially designed locking mechanism that maintains any desired task posture.The proposed exoskeleton incorporates a balancing mechanism to alleviate discomfort and spinal torsional effects also helping in limb weight relief.This paper reports specific models and simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design.An experimental characterization is performed to validate the performance of the mechanism in terms of forces and physical strain during a specific application consisting of ceiling-surface drilling tasks.The obtained results preliminarily validate the engineering feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed exoskeleton in the intended operation task thereby requiring the user to exert significantly less force than when not wearing it.

关键词： Assistive mechanism Exoskeleton Locking mechanism Bionic robot

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生成式AI可以提供理财建议吗?

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商学院 2024年第5期 14-14页

作者： betsy Vereckey 麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院

许多人在寻求定制化的投资建议时,都会与职业财务顾问联系,生成式人工智能有可能颠覆这种态势。在金融行业,从预算应用程序到客户服务聊天机器人都离不开人工智能的支持。那么大语言模型(如GPT-4)能否像理财顾问那样提供个性化的理财建... 详细信息

许多人在寻求定制化的投资建议时,都会与职业财务顾问联系,生成式人工智能有可能颠覆这种态势。在金融行业,从预算应用程序到客户服务聊天机器人都离不开人工智能的支持。那么大语言模型(如GPT-4)能否像理财顾问那样提供个性化的理财建议呢?

关键词：定制化人工智能金融行业聊天机器人应用程序语言模型客户服务财务顾问

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婴幼儿视力发育的前瞻性队列研究

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中华眼科杂志 2023年第8期59卷 627-635页

作者：曹奕雯李晓清边旸贾淑娟李明 betsy Lozoff 北京大学第一医院小儿眼科北京大学儿童视觉中心北京100034 北京大学第一医院儿科北京100034 河北省三河市妇幼保健院三河065200 美国密歇根大学安娜堡分校儿科学系美国密歇根大学安娜堡分校环境健康科学系美国安娜堡48109

目的分析婴幼儿早期视力成长发育的趋势和特点。方法前瞻性队列研究。连续纳入2008年至2013年于河北省三河市妇幼保健院出生的足月儿,在生后42 d、9月龄、18月龄3个时间点使用Teller Acuity CardⅡ(TACⅡ)条栅视力卡进行选择性观看视力... 详细信息

目的分析婴幼儿早期视力成长发育的趋势和特点。方法前瞻性队列研究。连续纳入2008年至2013年于河北省三河市妇幼保健院出生的足月儿,在生后42 d、9月龄、18月龄3个时间点使用Teller Acuity CardⅡ(TACⅡ)条栅视力卡进行选择性观看视力检查,得到其条栅视力;3岁时采用Lea Symbols图形视力表进行视力检查并将结果转换为条栅视力。受试儿童在42 d、9月龄、18月龄3个时间点均检查双眼视力,对9和18月龄儿童增加单眼视力检查,3岁儿童检查单眼视力。记录不同时间点各项视力及各时间段内视力变化值,分析受试儿童的视力发育情况,并与以往文献结果进行比较。结果共纳入1496名儿童,其中男性773名(51.67%),女性723名(48.33%)。受试儿童在42 d、9月龄和18月龄时双眼视力分别为0.9(0.6,1.1)、6.4(6.4,9.6)和9.6(9.6,9.6)周/度(cpd),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。9月龄时视力≥6.5 cpd者占68.7%(633/921),18月龄时则为92.7%(342/369)。9至18月龄期间单眼视力增长了(0.26±0.46)倍,18月龄至3岁期间则增长了(1.36±0.52)倍。9月龄时,1279名完成了双眼视力检查的儿童中有72.01%(921名)完成了单眼视力检查,18月龄这一比例降至35.83%(369/1030)。儿童视力随年龄提高(P<0.001)。本研究各年龄儿童的视力均高于文献中广州儿童的视力(P<0.001)。结论3岁以内的健康婴幼儿的视力水平随年龄提高,9月龄之前视力发育迅速,之后变得平缓,至18月龄又开始持续快速增长。

关键词：视敏度视力测定法视力试验婴儿队列研究

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Post-fire regeneration dynamics in whitebark pine(Pinus albicaulis) forests in Wind River and Absaroka Mountains,Wyoming, USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 719-733页

作者： Jennifer G.Klutsch betsy A.Goodrich William R.Jacobi Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Ft. CollinsCO 80523-1177 USA Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 442 Earth Science BuildingEdmonton AB T6G 2E3 Canada School of Forestry Northern Arizona University PO Box 15018 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA

Whitebark pine （Pinus albicaulis） populations are in decline across the species＇ range due to historic wildfire exclusion, mountain pine beetle （Dendroctonus ponderosae, MPB） outbreaks, and an invasive fungal pathogen causing the disease white pine blister rust （Cronartium ribicola, WPBR）. Despite reliance on stand- replacing fires, information on whitebark pine regeneration occurrence is limited and the trajectory of future forests is largely unknown in some areas of the range. Regeneration densities were assessed in burned and adjacent non-burned areas at six high elevation locations in northwest Wyoming where stand-replacing fires occurred 8-32 years before thesurveys. In these locations at the eastern extent of the species range, we assessed what site factors were associ- ated with regeneration success. Whitebark pine regen- eration density was greater and seedlings were older in non-burned compared to burned areas. Within burns, north aspects had more regeneration than south aspects. Potential seed source densities and other species＇ regeneration were positively related to whitebark p^ne regeneration densities in burned areas. South facing slopes or grass covered areas may have either delayed or no regeneration of whitebark pine without the help of artificial planting.

关键词： Recruitment Age structure White pineblister rust - Mountain pine beetle Restoration

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Pumpkins Abound

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小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2021年第10期 16-19页

作者： betsy Blake Susan Miller(图) 不详

Pumpkins on the back porch,A pumpkin at the door.Pumpkins on the countertop,The table,and the floor.A pumpkin on the garden gate And two under the tree.A pumpkin in the window And a pumpkin on me!

关键词： pump floor Pump

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What Makes Apple Golden

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国际经济合作 2008年第3期 1-1页

作者： betsy Morrish

The mass market is supposed to bedead, but you would never know it from Apple. In February the iTunes Store be-came the second-largest music retailer inthe U.S., right behind Wal-Mart. The i-Pod is to music players wh... 详细信息

关键词：苹果公司音乐软件音乐手机市场开拓美国

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Wait——don't date Dating not necessarily good practice for marriage

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英语自学 2000年第7期 2-3页

作者： betsy Severin 宋芳

“等等一先别约会”是一位美国大学生Bet-sy Severin为一家报纸写的专栏文章。文章读来轻松诙谐,但蕴涵其中的作者对恋爱和婚姻问题的一些见解却是值得我们认真思考的。文章的语言非常口语化,这对我们学习当代美国口语定会有所帮助。

关键词： don’t date Dating not necessarily good practice for marriage

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Water quality impacts of small-scale hydromodification in an urban stream in Connecticut, USA

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 106-115页

作者： Bin Zhu Daniel S.Smith Anthony P.Benaquista Dylan M.Rossi betsy M.Kadapuram Man Lok Yu Andrew S.Partlow Nathan R.Burtch Department of Biology University of Hartford200 Bloomfield AvenueWest HartfordCT 06117USA College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University1 James Cook DriveTownsvilleQLD 4811Australia Department of Geography and Environmental Planning Towson University8000 York RoadTowsonMD 21252USA

Introduction:Construction activities in and along urban streams increase the sediment input into surface waters,causing an overall decline in water quality and aquatic ecosystems.In this case study,we investigate the water quality impacts of local hydromodification in an urban stream(discharge 0.4 m^(3)/s).At the site of interest,workers removed a stream crossing consisting of an embankment with culverts and replaced it with a small bridge(single span of 25 m)in an effort to improve flow capacity.Methods:Water samples were taken at four sites along the North Branch Park River in Connecticut,Northeastern United States.Turbidity and dissolved oxygen(DO)were measured in situ,and nitrate and total phosphorus(TP)were measured in the laboratory.Benthic macroinvertebrate samples were also collected and analyzed for taxon richness and Shannon-Weaver species diversity.Data were compared between upstream and downstream sites and before,during,and after hydromodification.We used one-way ANOVA combined with the post hoc Turkey test to derive statistical significance.Results:During construction,turbidity increased temporarily by 60.9%[from 2.48 Nephelometric Turbidity Units(NTU)over ambient to 4.00 NTU].Once construction was completed,DO increased locally from 11.0 to 13.0 mg/L.Benthic macroinvertebrate taxon richness and species diversity declined by 61.6 and 32.6%respectively,with no recovery observed in the year following construction.Water quality was only affected within 50 m downstream.Nitrate and TP concentrations were unaffected.Conclusions:Small-scale hydromodification temporarily increased the turbidity as a result of increased sediment input,approaching the maximum level for clean water(5 NTU).Benthic macroinvertebrate communities declined in the immediate downstream vicinity of construction but are expected to recover soon given that turbidity recovered to pre-construction levels,and DO increased.These outcomes emphasize that environmental assessment is important not only for large-scale hydromodification but also

关键词： Urban streams Pollution Hydrologic services Water quality Benthic macroinvertebrates North Branch Park River

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生命早期不同时期铁缺乏对儿童运动发育影响的纵向研究

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中华儿科杂志 2019年第3期57卷 194-199页

作者：章逸莉郑双双朱柳燕季钗 Rosa M Angulo-Barroso betsy Lozoff 邵洁浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院儿童保健科杭州31OOO3 美国加利福尼亚州立大学运动机能系北岭91330 美国密西根大学人类生长和发育中心安娜堡48109

目的明确生命早期不同时期铁缺乏对儿童运动发育的影响。方法纵向研究,共纳入114名出生于2010年4月至2011年12月的杭州市富阳区儿童(男58名、女56名)。基于脐血和9月龄铁营养状况测定,分为出生前铁缺乏组(34名)、出生后铁缺乏组(37名)... 详细信息

目的明确生命早期不同时期铁缺乏对儿童运动发育的影响。方法纵向研究,共纳入114名出生于2010年4月至2011年12月的杭州市富阳区儿童(男58名、女56名)。基于脐血和9月龄铁营养状况测定,分为出生前铁缺乏组(34名)、出生后铁缺乏组(37名)、铁充足组(43名)。对114名儿童在9月龄、18月龄和5周岁时分别采用Peabody运动发育量表和BOT2-简版评估运动能力;利用多层线性模型纵向分析儿童随年龄的运动发育趋势及不同时期铁缺乏对儿童运动发育的影响,并调整相关混杂因素后分析不同时期铁缺乏儿童在不同受教育程度家庭环境下的运动发展差异。结果 9月龄、18月龄、5周岁时参与运动发育评估的儿童分别为107、109和114名;进行多种混杂因素控制后,出生前铁缺乏组儿童的运动评分低于铁充足组儿童,差异有统计学意义(52.04比54.05分,β=-2.01,P=0.007);出生后铁缺乏组儿童的运动评分(53.07分)与铁充足组儿童差异无统计学意义(β=-0.98,P=0.180)。无论母亲受教育程度高低,出生前铁缺乏组儿童的运动评分均低于铁充足组儿童(49.86比52.15分,49.58比51.58分,β=-2.29、-2.00,P=0.031、0.049)。在铁充足组儿童中,母亲受教育程度较高的儿童运动评分更高(52.45比50.46分,β=1.99,P=0.035)。结论出生前铁缺乏儿童的运动发育不能随年龄增长追赶上铁充足儿童,提示预防母亲孕期缺铁的重要性。

关键词：铁儿童运动发育

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