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potential neurophysiological and biomechanical risk factors for sport-related back problems:A scoping review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第2期6卷 123-138页

作者： Erika Zemkova Banafsheh Amiri Henrieta horníkova Ludmila Zapletalova Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Physical Education and SportComenius University in BratislavaSlovakia Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ss.Cyril and Methodius in TrnavaSlovakia Department of Track and Field and Sport Conditioning Faculty of Physical Education and SportComenius University in BratislavaSlovakia

This scoping review aims(1)to map the literature dealing with neurophysiological and biomechanical aspects of back problems in athletes in order to identify valid risk-factors for their prevention,plus(2)to identify gaps in the existing research and propose suggestions for future studies.A literature search conducted with Scopus,Web of Science,MEDLINE and Cochrane Library was completed by Elsevier,SpringerLink and Google *** main neurophysiological risk factors identified leading to back problems in athletes are neuromuscular imbalance,increased muscle fatigability,muscle dysfunction and impaired motor control,whilst biomechanical risk factors include maladaptive spinal,spinopelvic and lower limb kinematics,side-to-side imbalances in axial strength and hip rotation range of motion,spinal overloading and deficits in movement ***,most studies focused on back pain in the lumbar region,whereas less attention has been paid to thoracic and cervical spine *** range of sports where this topic has been studied is relatively *** is a lack of research in sports in which the core muscles are highly involved in specific movements such as lifting weights or trunk rotations.A limited number of studies include female athletes and master athletes of both *** addition to chronic back pain patients,it is equally important to conduct research on healthy athletes with a predisposition to spine *** should focus their empirical work on identifying modifiable risk factors,predict which athletes are at risk for back problems,and develop personalized sport-specific assessment tools and targeted prevention strategies for them.

关键词： Athletic training Back pain Biomechanical measures physiological loading Spine injury

Haemorrhage after thrombectomy with adjuvant thrombolysis in unknown onset stroke depends on high early lesion water uptake

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 390-398页

作者： Gabriel Broocks Lukas Meyer Uta Hanning Tobias Djamsched Faizy Matthias Bechstein Helge kniep Noel Van horn Gerhard Schön Ewgenia Barow Götz Thomalla Jens Fiehler Andre kemmling Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology University Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Neuroradiology University MarburgMarburgGermany

Background and purpose In wake-up stroke,CT-based quantitative net water uptake(NWU)might serve as an alternative tool to MRI to guide intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase(IVT).An important complication after IVT is symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage(sICH).As NWU directly implies ischaemic lesion progression,reflecting blood-brain barrier injury,we hypothesised that NWU predicts sICH in patients who had a ischaemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy with unknown *** Consecutive analysis of all patients who had unknown onset anterior circulation ischaemic stroke who underwent CT at baseline and endovascular treatment between December 2016 and October *** NWU was assessed on baseline *** primary endpoint was *** association of NWU and other baseline parameters to sICH was investigated using inverse-probability weighting(IpW)*** A total of 88 patients were included,of which 46 patients(52.3%)received *** median NWU was 10.7%(IQR:5.1–17.7).The proportion of patients with any haemorrhage and sICH were 35.2%and 13.6%.NWU at baseline was significantly higher in patients with sICH(19.1%vs 9.6%,pke program Early CT Score(ASpECTS)was lower(5 vs 8,ppW,there was no association between IVT and sICH in unadjusted ***,after adjusting for ASpECTS and NWU,there was a significant association between IVT administration and sICH(14.6%,95%CI:3.3%to 25.6%,ppatients with ischaemic stroke with unknown onset,the combination of high NWU with IVT is directly linked to higher rates of *** ASpECTS for evaluating the extent of the early infarct lesion,quantitative NWU could be used as an imaging biomarker to assess the degree of blood-brain barrier damage in order to predict the risk of sICH in patients with wake up stroke.

关键词： throm thrombolysis high

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne horn Isabell kaczmarek Antje körner kerstin krause kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GpCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GpCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GpCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LpHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LpHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed clinically significant portal hypertension

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portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome C.Edelson Scott F.D.Edelson John G.Quiles Cyrus V.Edelson Eric M.Montminy Christian L.horn John p.Magulick Don C.Rockey Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Department of Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA John H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease Research Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:portal hypertension(pH)is a complication of cirrhosis that leads to hepatic *** the portal pressure gradient(ppG)provides valuable information for disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided ppG(EUS-ppG)measurements in a real-world ***:This retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS-ppG between February 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of cirrhosis,followed by an assessment of surgical risk in the setting of suspected *** demographic and clinical data were collected,and statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** success was achieved in 17 of the 18 *** complications were *** mean scores of Child-pugh,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium,and Fibrosis-4 scores were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive *** mean ppG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited clinically significant pH(CSpH).Of the 18 patients,15 underwent concurrent EUS-liver biopsy,which was 100%successful and provided diagnostic histology for all *** ppG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 ***:EUS-ppG is safe and technically *** Child-pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of CSpH;however,ppG measurements resulted in changes in the management of almost all *** studies correlating EUS-ppG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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黑帽研讨会:看穿你的竞争对手

Soil Wettability as Affected by Soil Characteristics and Land Use

商业评论 2024年第7期 120-126页

作者：约翰·霍恩石小竹圣路易斯华盛顿大学奥林商学院

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强...

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强,或者早有妙算遏制你的战略部署,下一步棋就会把你"将死".

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pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 43-54页

作者： R. horn Institute of plant Nutrition and Soil Science Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel

Depth distribution of soil wettability and its correlations with vegetation type, soil texture, and pH were investigated under various land use (cropland, grassland, and forestland) and soil management systems. Wettability was evaluated by contact angle with the Wilhelmy plate method. Water repellency was likely to be present under permanently vegetated land, but less common on tilled agricultural land. It was mostly prevalent in the topsoil, especially in coarse-textured soils, and decreased in the subsoil. However, the depth dependency of wettability could not be derived from the investigated wide range of soils. The correlation and multiple regression analysis revealed that the wettability in repellent soils was affected more by soil organic carbon (SOC) than by soil texture and pH, whereas in wettable soils, soil texture and pH were more effective than SOC. Furthermore, the quality of SOC seemed to be more important in determining wettability than its quantity, as proofed by stronger hydrophobicity under coniferous than under deciduous forestland. Soil management had a minor effect on wettability if conventional and conservation tillage or different grazing intensities were considered.

关键词： soil management soil organic carbon soil pH soil texture

Biochar-Induced Changes in Soil Resilience:Effects of Soil Texture and Biochar Dosage

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pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 236-247页

作者： Ayodele Ebenezer AJAYI Rainer horn Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Technology 340252 Akure Ondo State (Nigeria) Institute for plant Nutrition and Soil Science CAU Kiel 24118 Kiel (Germany)

Biochars are, amongst other available amendment materials, considered as an attractive tool in agriculture for carbon sequestration and improvement of soil functions. The latter is widely discussed as a consequence of improved physical quality of the amended ***, the mechanisms for this improvement are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of woodchip biochar amendment on micro-structural development, micro-and macro-structural stability, and resilience of two differently textured soils,fine sand(FS) and sandy loam(SL). Test substrates were prepared by adding 50 or 100 g kg^(-1) biochar to FS or SL. Total porosity and plant available water were significantly increased in both soils. Moreover, compressive strength of the aggregates was significantly decreased when biochar amount was doubled. Mechanical resilience of the aggregates at both micro-and macro-scale was improved in the biochar-amended soils, impacting the cohesion and compressive behavior. A combination of these effects will result in an improved pore structure and aeration. Consequently, the physicochemical environment for plants and microbes is improved. Furthermore, the improved stability properties will result in better capacity of the biochar-amended soil to recover from the myriad of mechanical stresses imposed under arable systems, including vehicle traffic, to the weight of overburden soil. However, it was noted that doubling the amendment rate did not in any case offer any remarkable additional improvement in these properties, suggesting a further need to investigate the optimal amendment rate.

关键词： aggregate stability amendment material compressive strength rheometry shear properties total porosity

Experimental and FEM based investigation of the influence of the deposition temperature on the mechanical properties of SiC coatings

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2021年第1期10卷 139-151页

作者： Thomas SCHLECH Siegfried horn Charles WIJAYAWARDHANA Arash RASHIDI SGL Carbon GmbH Werner-von-Siemens-Strasse 1886405 MeitingenGermany Experimental physicsⅡ Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Augsburg86135 AugsburgGermany SGL Carbon GmbH Drachenburgstrasse 153170 BonnGermany

Scanning electron microscopy shows that the microstructure,in particular the overall grain size,of chemical vapor deposited silicon carbide coatings depends on the deposition ***,the influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of such coatings is not well described in *** investigate the influence of the deposition temperature on the mechanical properties of the coating,nanoindentation is used in this *** the measurement results of nanoindentation can be affected by the substrate material,the contribution of the substrate material is taken into account utilizing a finite element *** model is then employed to generate information about elastic and plastic properties of the coating by inverse *** evaluate the fracture toughness of the coating,the generated material model is used in a cohesive-zone based formulation of the fracture process during indentation at higher *** results of this model allow determining the fracture toughness of silicon carbide coatings deposited at different temperatures.

关键词： nanoindentation finite element analysis coatings ceramics fracture mechanics

Viscoelasticity and shear resistance at the aggregate scale of structured and organic carbon-free Chernozems

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pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 754-764页

作者： Christoph HAAS Rainer horn philipp SAGGAU Rainer DUTTMANN Institute for plant Nutrition and Soil Science University of KielKiel 24118Germany Department of Geography Division of Landscape Ecology and Geoinformation SciencesUniversity of KielKiel 24118Germany

Soil rheology characterises the flow behaviour of soils at the particle-particle to aggregate *** sweep tests(ASTs)are often the method of choice for parameterizing soil flow properties,such as the shear strain values at the end of the linear viscoelastic range(i.e.,the deformation is mainly elastic)and at the yield point(i.e.,elastic equals plastic deformation).Samples from seven soil profiles and five soil depths of Chernozems,collected in the Maidanetske study area,close to Uman City of Ukraine,were analysed to evaluate the effect of soil organic carbon(SOC)on the parameters related to soil microstructural stability derived from *** organic carbon was removed with H_(2)O_(2)to determine the soil texture-dependent values of soil rheological properties,which were compared to the values determined for samples with intact water-stable *** shear resistance-related parameters increased for aggregated soil samples compared to SOC-free soil samples,indicating an increase in soil stability due to *** contrast,the values of the overall viscoelasticity and the shear strain were reduced for aggregated soil samples,indicating decreased soil *** functions were applied to predict the shear strain-dependent loss and storage moduli and shear stress values as a function of SOC *** particles(630–2000μm)and volumetric water content improved the *** conclude that increased SOC content,through the gluing and cementing effects of SOC and altered aggregate shapes compared to SOC-free soil materials,contributes to higher microstructural ***,the increased water content in the SOC-containing soil samples reversed soil strengthening *** was due to the fact that a more rapid increase in positive water pressure under shear stress weakened the samples and the spherical aggregates began to rotate more easily,thus loosing energy,when compared to platy particles of the SOC-free soil materials.

关键词： aggregation rheology shear strain shear stress soil organic carbon depletion soil stability