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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed clinically significant portal hypertension

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portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第2期3卷 67-74页

作者： Jerome C.Edelson Scott F.D.Edelson John G.Quiles Cyrus V.Edelson Eric M.Montminy Christian L.horn John p.Magulick Don C.Rockey Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA Department of Medicine Brooke Army Medical CenterFort Sam HoustonTexasUSA John H.Stroger Jr.Hospital of Cook County ChicagoIllinoisUSA Digestive Disease Research Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Aims:portal hypertension(pH)is a complication of cirrhosis that leads to hepatic *** the portal pressure gradient(ppG)provides valuable information for disease assessment,staging,and *** this study,we aimed to report the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided ppG(EUS-ppG)measurements in a real-world ***:This retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS-ppG between February 2021 and May *** most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of cirrhosis,followed by an assessment of surgical risk in the setting of suspected *** demographic and clinical data were collected,and statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t ***:Eighteen patients underwent *** success was achieved in 17 of the 18 *** complications were *** mean scores of Child-pugh,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium,and Fibrosis-4 scores were 5.1±0.5,9.0±3.0,and 3.7±4.5,*** the 18 patients,two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive *** mean ppG was 5.8±4.5 mmHg,and five patients exhibited clinically significant pH(CSpH).Of the 18 patients,15 underwent concurrent EUS-liver biopsy,which was 100%successful and provided diagnostic histology for all *** ppG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 ***:EUS-ppG is safe and technically *** Child-pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of CSpH;however,ppG measurements resulted in changes in the management of almost all *** studies correlating EUS-ppG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.

关键词： EUS portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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黑帽研讨会:看穿你的竞争对手

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)increases the risk of obesity

商业评论 2024年第7期 120-126页

作者：约翰·霍恩石小竹圣路易斯华盛顿大学奥林商学院

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强...

你若有机会跟国际象棋大师对弈,很可能会沮丧地发现,自己的每一步精心谋划都被对方严密封死或者强力反击.商场如棋局,你在与竞争对手的较量中很可能也有同样的遭遇:无论你的设想多么出色,到了付诸实施的时候,总会发现对方已经先下手为强,或者早有妙算遏制你的战略部署,下一步棋就会把你"将死".

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne horn Isabell kaczmarek Antje körner kerstin krause kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GpCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GpCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GpCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LpHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LpHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LpHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Viscoelasticity and shear resistance at the aggregate scale of structured and organic carbon-free Chernozems

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pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 754-764页

作者： Christoph HAAS Rainer horn philipp SAGGAU Rainer DUTTMANN Institute for plant Nutrition and Soil Science University of KielKiel 24118Germany Department of Geography Division of Landscape Ecology and Geoinformation SciencesUniversity of KielKiel 24118Germany

Soil rheology characterises the flow behaviour of soils at the particle-particle to aggregate *** sweep tests(ASTs)are often the method of choice for parameterizing soil flow properties,such as the shear strain values at the end of the linear viscoelastic range(i.e.,the deformation is mainly elastic)and at the yield point(i.e.,elastic equals plastic deformation).Samples from seven soil profiles and five soil depths of Chernozems,collected in the Maidanetske study area,close to Uman City of Ukraine,were analysed to evaluate the effect of soil organic carbon(SOC)on the parameters related to soil microstructural stability derived from *** organic carbon was removed with H_(2)O_(2)to determine the soil texture-dependent values of soil rheological properties,which were compared to the values determined for samples with intact water-stable *** shear resistance-related parameters increased for aggregated soil samples compared to SOC-free soil samples,indicating an increase in soil stability due to *** contrast,the values of the overall viscoelasticity and the shear strain were reduced for aggregated soil samples,indicating decreased soil *** functions were applied to predict the shear strain-dependent loss and storage moduli and shear stress values as a function of SOC *** particles(630–2000μm)and volumetric water content improved the *** conclude that increased SOC content,through the gluing and cementing effects of SOC and altered aggregate shapes compared to SOC-free soil materials,contributes to higher microstructural ***,the increased water content in the SOC-containing soil samples reversed soil strengthening *** was due to the fact that a more rapid increase in positive water pressure under shear stress weakened the samples and the spherical aggregates began to rotate more easily,thus loosing energy,when compared to platy particles of the SOC-free soil materials.

关键词： aggregation rheology shear strain shear stress soil organic carbon depletion soil stability

Delineation of biomarkers and molecular pathways of residual effects of fluoxetine treatment in juvenile rhesus monkeys by proteomic profiling

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Zoological Research 2023年第1期44卷 30-42页

作者： Yu Yan Dong Ik park Anja horn Mari Golub Christoph W.Turck proteomics and Biomarkers Max Planck Institute of PsychiatryMunich 80804Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Chair of Vegetative AnatomyInstitute of AnatomyFaculty of MedicineMunich 80336Germany Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Fluoxetine(prozac^(TM))is the only antidepressant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD)in *** its considerable efficacy as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor,the possible long-term effects of fluoxetine on brain development in children are poorly *** the current study,we aimed to delineate molecular mechanisms and protein biomarkers in the brains of juvenile rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta)one year after the discontinuation of fluoxetine treatment using proteomic and phosphoproteomic *** identified several differences in protein expression and phosphorylation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLpFC)and cingulate cortex(CC)that correlated with impulsivity in animals,suggesting that the GABAergic synapse pathway may be affected by fluoxetine *** in combination with the identified pathways contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the chronic effects of fluoxetine after discontinuation in children.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Fluoxetine Rhesus monkeys proteomics GABAergic synapse

First genome-wide association study of 99 body measures derived from 3-dimensional body scans

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第3期9卷 777-788页

作者： Andreas kuhnapfel peter Ahnert katrin horn Holger kirsten Markus Loeffler Markus Scholz Institute for Medical Informatics Statistics and Epidemiology(IMISE)Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityHartelstrafte 16-18Leipzig 04107Germany LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityPhilipp-Rosenthal-Strafie 27Leipzig 04103Germany Integrated Research and Treatment Center(IFB) Adiposity DiseasesUniversity Medical CenterLeipzig UniversityPhilipp-Rosenthal-Strafle 27Leipzig 04103Germany

Body height,body mass index,hip and waist circumference are important risk factors or outcome variables in clinical and epidemiological research with complex underlying ***,these classical anthropometric traits represent only a very limited view on the human body and other traits with potentially higher functional specificity are not yet studied to a larger *** of LIFE-Adult were assessed by three-dimensional body scanner VITUS XXL determining 99 high-quality anthropometric traits in *** was performed by Axiom Genome-Wide CEU 1 Array plate microarray technology and imputation was done using 1000 Genomes phase 3 reference *** phenotype and genetic information are available for a total of 7,562 *** heritabilities were estimated for height traits(maximum heritability with h2=44%for neck height)and 61 traits achieved values larger than 20%.By genome-wide analyses,we identified 16 loci associated with at least one of the 99 *** of these loci were not described for association with classical anthropometric traits so *** strongest novel association was observed for 7p14.3(rs11979006,p=2.12×10^(-9))for the trait Back Width with ZNRF2 as the most plausible candidate *** established for association with classical anthropometric traits were subjected to anthropometric phenome-wide association *** the reported 709 loci,211 *** with body scanner traits(enrichment:OR=1.96,p=1.08×10^(-61)).We conclude that genetics of 3D laser-based anthropometry is promising to identify novel loci and to improve the functional understanding of established ones.

关键词： 3D-anthropometry Genetic correlation GWAS Heritability pheWAS

3D U-Net Segmentation Improves Root System Reconstruction from 3D MRI Images in Automated and Manual Virtual Reality Work Flows

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plant phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 598-611页

作者： Tobias Selzner Jannis horn Magdalena Landl Andreas pohlmeier Dirk Helmrich katrin Huber Jan Vanderborght Harry Vereecken Sven Behnke Andrea Schnepf Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Agrosphere(IBG-3)JuelichGermany Autonomous Intelligence Systems Group University of BonnBonnGermany Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Juelich Supercomputing CenterJuelichGermany

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is used to image root systems grown in opaque ***,reconstruction of root system architecture(RSA)from 3-dimensional(3D)MRI images is *** resolution and poor contrast-to-noise ratios(CNRs)hinder automated ***,manual reconstruction is still widely ***,we evaluate a novel 2-step work flow for automated RSA *** the first step,a 3D U-Net segments MRI images into root and soil in *** the second step,an automated tracing algorithm reconstructs the root systems from the segmented *** evaluated the merits of both steps for an MRI dataset of 8 lupine root systems,by comparing the automated reconstructions to manual reconstructions of unaltered and segmented MRI images derived with a novel virtual reality *** found that the U-Net segmentation offers profound benefits in manual reconstruction:reconstruction speed was doubled(+97%)for images with low CNR and increased by 27%for images with high *** root lengths were increased by 20%and 3%,***,we propose to use U-Net segmentation as a principal image preprocessing step in manual work *** root length derived by the tracing algorithm was lower than in both manual reconstruction methods,but segmentation allowed automated processing of otherwise not readily usable MRI ***,model-based functional root traits revealed similar hydraulic behavior of automated and manual *** studies will aim to establish a hybrid work flow that utilizes automated reconstructions as scaffolds that can be manually corrected.

关键词： Root utilize otherwise

Soil Wettability as Affected by Soil Characteristics and Land Use

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pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 43-54页

作者： R. horn Institute of plant Nutrition and Soil Science Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel

Depth distribution of soil wettability and its correlations with vegetation type, soil texture, and pH were investigated under various land use (cropland, grassland, and forestland) and soil management systems. Wettability was evaluated by contact angle with the Wilhelmy plate method. Water repellency was likely to be present under permanently vegetated land, but less common on tilled agricultural land. It was mostly prevalent in the topsoil, especially in coarse-textured soils, and decreased in the subsoil. However, the depth dependency of wettability could not be derived from the investigated wide range of soils. The correlation and multiple regression analysis revealed that the wettability in repellent soils was affected more by soil organic carbon (SOC) than by soil texture and pH, whereas in wettable soils, soil texture and pH were more effective than SOC. Furthermore, the quality of SOC seemed to be more important in determining wettability than its quantity, as proofed by stronger hydrophobicity under coniferous than under deciduous forestland. Soil management had a minor effect on wettability if conventional and conservation tillage or different grazing intensities were considered.

关键词：土壤特性土地使用润湿性土壤管理制度土壤质地多元回归分析土壤有机碳保护性耕作

Biochar-Induced Changes in Soil Resilience:Effects of Soil Texture and Biochar Dosage

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pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 236-247页

作者： Ayodele Ebenezer AJAYI Rainer horn Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Technology 340252 Akure Ondo State (Nigeria) Institute for plant Nutrition and Soil Science CAU Kiel 24118 Kiel (Germany)

Biochars are, amongst other available amendment materials, considered as an attractive tool in agriculture for carbon sequestration and improvement of soil functions. The latter is widely discussed as a consequence of improved physical quality of the amended ***, the mechanisms for this improvement are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of woodchip biochar amendment on micro-structural development, micro-and macro-structural stability, and resilience of two differently textured soils,fine sand(FS) and sandy loam(SL). Test substrates were prepared by adding 50 or 100 g kg^(-1) biochar to FS or SL. Total porosity and plant available water were significantly increased in both soils. Moreover, compressive strength of the aggregates was significantly decreased when biochar amount was doubled. Mechanical resilience of the aggregates at both micro-and macro-scale was improved in the biochar-amended soils, impacting the cohesion and compressive behavior. A combination of these effects will result in an improved pore structure and aeration. Consequently, the physicochemical environment for plants and microbes is improved. Furthermore, the improved stability properties will result in better capacity of the biochar-amended soil to recover from the myriad of mechanical stresses imposed under arable systems, including vehicle traffic, to the weight of overburden soil. However, it was noted that doubling the amendment rate did not in any case offer any remarkable additional improvement in these properties, suggesting a further need to investigate the optimal amendment rate.

关键词：土壤质地生物炭回弹土体物理化学环境宏观结构土壤改良机械应力