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Protein digestive dynamics of meat and bone meals in broiler chickens

Animal Nutrition 2020年第4期6卷 521-528页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline Leon R.Mc Quade bernie v.mclnerney Amy F.Moss Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia

This study determined the variations in protein digestibilities and digestion rates in broiler chickens offered diets containing 7 different meat and bone meals(MBM).A total of 252 male Ross 308 broiler chickens were offered 7 atypical diets largely based on maize and MBM from 24 to 28 d *** experimental diet was offered to 6 replicates with 6 birds per replicate *** were collected in their entirety from 25 to 27 d post-hatch and on 28 d *** samples were collected from the proximal jejunum,distal jejunum,proximal ileum and distal *** digestibilities of protein were determined in each segment and apparent digestibilities of amino acids were measured in the distal *** were significant differences in apparent protein digestibility coefficients in the proximal jejunum(P=0.006),where broiler chickens offered the high ash beef meal(diet 7)generated the lowest protein digestibility in the proximal jejunum(0.318).Similarly,there were significant differences in apparent digestibility coefficients in the distal jejunum(Pved in the predicted protein digestion rate(P=0.486)but chickens offered the high ash beef meal had the lowest potential digestible protein(0.662,P=0.034)whereas the highest potential digestible protein(0.739)was detected in diet 5(containing a beef meal).This study contributed to the establishment of a preliminary database to include digestion rates of starch and protein into practical diet formulation.

关键词： Amino acid Digestibility Digestive dynamics Meat and bone meal Protein digestion rate

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Graded methionine dietary inclusions influence growth performance and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 160-168页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline Peter v.Chrystal Leon R.McQuade Bernard v.mclnerney Yangsu Kim Yumin Bao Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Baiada Poultry Ltd Pendle HillNSW2145Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia CJ Bio 330Dongho-roJung-guSeoul100-400Republic of Korea Redox Pty Ltd MintoNSW2566Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia

Graded quantities of 1.38,2.76 and 4.14 g/kg L-methionine were included in a control diet formulated to contain 3.07 g/kg digestible *** of the 4 dietary treatments was offered to 6 replicate cages(initially 8 birds per cage)from 1 to 21 d *** parameters assessed included growth performance,nutrient utilisation(apparent metabolisable energy[AME],AME:GE ratios,N retention,Ncorrected apparent metabolisable energy[AMEn]),apparent digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates of amino acids in the distal *** also included free amino concentrations in systemic plasma(brachial vein)at 20 d postehatch and in hepatic tissue at 14 and 21 d *** L-methionine inclusions quadratically influenced weight gain(r=0.688;P=0.001)and FCR(r=0.780;Pvels of 3.07 g/kg digestible methionine and 13.0 g/kg digestible ***,an inclusion of 3.465 g/kg L-methionine corresponded to a total of 6.535 g/kg methionine or a methionine-to-lysine ratio of 50.3,which is higher than standard *** implications of this and other outcomes of the present study are reported and discussed.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Methionine

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Characterization of Prealloyed Ti–6Al–4v Powders from EIGA and PREP Process and Mechanical Properties of HIPed Powder Compacts

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第8期30卷 735-744页

作者： Rui-Peng Guo Lei Xu bernie Ya-Ping Zong Rui Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of Education Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819 China

Prealloyed Ti-6Al-4v powders were prepared by electrode induction melting gas atomization （EIGA） and plasma rotating electrode process （PREP） in this work. A comparative study of EIGA and PREP powders for hot isostatic pressing （HIPing） compaction was conducted. Characterization of important technological parameters such as particle size distribution, powder surface morphology and flowability was carried out. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti- 6Al-4v powder compacts HIPed from EIGA and PREP powders were also investigated. The results showed that the EIGA powder has a finer average particle size and higher tap density, while the PREP powder has better flowability and less pores. Micropores can be observed in heat-treated EIGA powder compacts by X-ray tomography and the porosity was found to be about 0.02%. There are no micropores （≥4 μm） to be detected in heat-treated PREP powder compacts. Transgranular fracture mode as well as micropores contributes to the scatter in fatigue property of heat-treated PREP powder compacts. The respective advantages and disadvantages of both EIGA and PREP powders for producing Ti-based complex parts through HIPing were also discussed.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4v Prealloyed powder Hot isostatic pressing Near-net shape forming

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Capping dietary starch:protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein,wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 168-178页

作者： Shiva Greenhalgh Bernard v.McInerney Leon R.McQuade Peter v.Chrystal Ali Khoddami Molly A.M.Zhuang Sonia Y.Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSWAustralia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSWAustralia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

The hypothesis that capping dietary starch:protein ratios would enhance the performance of broiler chickens offered reduced-crude protein(CP)diets was tested in this experiment.A total of 432 off-sex,male Ross 308 chicks were allocated to 7 dietary treatments from 7 to 35 d *** experimental design consisted of a 3×2 factorial array of treatments with the seventh treatment serving as a positive *** levels of dietary CP(197.5,180.0 and 162.5 g/kg)with either uncapped or capped dietary starch:protein ratios constituted the factorial array of treatments,whilst the positive control diet contained 215.0 g/kg *** positive control diet had an analysed dietary starch:protein ratio of 1.50 as opposed to a ratio of 1.68 in the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet and 1.41 in the corresponding capped diet and the capped 197.5 g/kg CP diet displayed *** growth performance this diet matched the positive control but outperformed the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet by 10.4%(2,161 vs.1,958 g/bird;P=0.009)in weight gain,by 3.10%(3,492 vs.3,387 g/bird;P=0.019)in feed intake on the basis of pairwise comparisons and numerically improved FCR by 4.04%(1.616 vs.12684).However,the growth performance of birds offered the 180.0 and 162.5 g/kg CP dietary treatments was remarkably inferior,irrespective of dietary starch:protein *** inferior growth performance was associated with poor feathering and even feather-pecking and significant linear relationships between feather scores and parameters of growth performance were *** amino acid profile of feathers was determined where cysteine,glutamic acid,glycine,proline and serine were dominant in a crude protein content of 931 g/***,the feathering issues observed were manifestations of amino acid inadequacies or imbalances in the more reduced-CP diets and consideration is given to the implications of these outcomes.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Feathering Starch:protein ratio Wheat

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Assessment of limiting dietary amino acids in broiler chickens offered reduced crude protein diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 1-11页

作者： Craig W.Maynard Michael T.Kidd Peter v.Chrystal Leon R.McQuade bernie v.McInerney Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701United States Poultry Research Foundation Faculty of ScienceThe University of Sydney425 Werombi RoadCamdenNSW2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

As lowering crude protein(CP)in poultry diets continues to minimize amino acid excess,it is important to understand the limiting order of amino acids and the impact of their ***,a pair of experiments were conducted to observe the effects of individual amino acid deletions on growth performance,carcass traits,and nutrient *** experiments involved 3 control diets based on wheat and soybean meal,including a 210.0 g/kg CP industry control(IC),186.7 g/kg CP positive control(PC)supplemented with feed-grade amino acids to match the IC amino acid profile,186.7 g/kg CP negative control(NC)with reducing N corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEN)by 0.5 MJ/kg and removing feed-grade amino acids beyond L-Lys-HCl,DL-Met,and L-Thr from *** deletion diets where the following supplemented amino acids were individually removed from the PC:val,Ile,Leu,Trp,Arg,His,Phe t Tyr,glycine equivalence(Glyequi),Pro,and Energy(0.5 MJ/kg reduction in AMEN of the PC).All diets were formulated to contain similar concentrations of digestible Lys,total sulfur amino acid(TSAA)and *** diets were offered to broiler chickens from 15 to 22 d postehatch in a cage study(Exp.1)to gain digestibility and nutrient utilization data;whereas they were offered from 15 to 35 d post ehatch in a floor-pen study(Exp.2)to gain performance and carcass yield *** removal of supplemented val,Arg,and Ile resulted in reduction on broiler performance(Pval of val,Arg,Ile,and Glyequi negatively influenced carcass traits(Pval and Arg are co-limiting in wheat-soybean meal diets,but that Ile and Glyequi may potentially limit breast and thigh development.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Low protein diet

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Implications of excreta uric acid concentrations in broilers offered reduced crude protein diets and dietary glycine requirements for uric acid synthesis

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 939-946页

作者： Peter H.Selle David I.Cantor Leon R.McQuade Bernard v.McInerney Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Shemil P.Macelline Peter v.Chrystal Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH Hanau-Wolfgang 63547Germany School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia

In a previous experiment,male Ross 308 broiler chickens were offered dietary treatments with 3 levels of crude protein(222,193,165 g/kg)and 3 feed grains(ground maize,ground wheat,whole wheat)from 7 to 35 d ***-based diets supported superior growth performance in comparison to wheatbased *** acid concentrations in excreta were retrospectively determined and related to total nitrogen(N)excreta *** acid concentrations ranged from 28.5 to 69.4 mg/g and proportions of uric acid-N to total excreta-N ranged from 27.4%to 42.6%in broiler chickens offered the 3×3 factorial array of dietary *** of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the165 g/kg CP,maize-based diet were significantly lower by 10.6 percentage units(27.4%versus 38.0%;P=0.00057)than their wheat-based *** excreta analysed had been collected from 35 to37 d post-hatch when feed intakes and excreta outputs were *** were linear relationships between proportions of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the three 165 g/kg CP diets with weight gain(r=-0.587;P=0.010),feed intake(r=-0.526;P=0.025)and feed conversion ratios(r=0.635;P=0.005).The possibility that increasing uric acid-N proportions in excreta is indicative of excessive ammonia accumulations compromising growth performance is *** mean proportion of dietary glycine involved in uric acid excretion was 49.2%across all dietary treatments but ranged from 25.0%to 80.9%.Thus,the appropriate amount of dietary glycine is variable and largely dependent on the volume of uric acid synthesised and excreted.

关键词： Ammonia Broiler chicken Glycine Reduced crude protein diet Uric acid

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Teaching Hong Kong English before Teaching Academic English: The Gateway to Effective Learning of College Writing

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Journal of Linguistics and Education Research 2019年第1期2卷 8-18页

作者： bernie Chun Nam MAK Hong Kong Baptist University Hong KongChina

Owing to the negative view of Hong Kong English(HKE)in popular discourse,few English lecturers in Hong Kong universities directly acknowledge or discuss the variety in a non-linguistic *** paper illustrates an action research study of how HKE may play a role in an academic writing course of a sub-degree program in Hong *** on 8 representatives from an academic writing course with 100 students,it employed the qualitative experiment method to examine whether students who had possessed basic linguistic knowledge of HKE from an additional tutorial would perceive HKE and academic writing differently from those who had *** representatives from each group were invited to a focus group to explore ideas about the two subjects discussed in *** conversations suggested that prior knowledge of the syntactic features of HKE might raise students’awareness of the grammatical differences between the variety and the *** analysis also suggested that introducing the linguistic view of HKE to students might render them optimistic about their variety,helping them identify the situations where the variety would be tolerant of and settings where Standard English would be *** study suggested that such an intervention might facilitate students’learning of Standard English for academic purposes and practices of English in actual professional *** the improvement or advancement,they will position themselves more powerfully in the dichotomy between the standard and *** formal research on a similar or relevant topic is required to validate the impact of understanding HKE on learning academic writing.

关键词： Hong Kong English World Englishes Academic writing Second language learning Bilingualism

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A New Perspective on an Old Subject:Mobile-assisted Language Learning in English Academic Writing in Hong Kong Universities

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Journal of Linguistics and Education Research 2020年第1期3卷 11-16页

作者： bernie Chun Nam Mak School of Continuing Education Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

The goal of this short paper is to bring English academic writing(EAW)and mobile-assisted language learning(MALL)together to examine to what degree the latter can be effectively employed to support the former in the Hong Kong higher education *** utilizes the perspectives generated from the literature,together with professional interpretation,to illustrate the affordances of MALL in EAW in the *** is suggested that MALL can be employed to integrate academic English into the students’daily lives,through which they can implicitly build the knowledge of academic register outside of the classroom and ultimately use it in the classroom.

关键词： Mobile-assisted language learning English academic writing Hong Kong

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用白色LED做背光照明需考虑的事项

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今日电子 2003年第8期 20-20,19页

作者： bernie Weir 安森美半导体

在过去几年中,小型彩屏从稀有物品变成了便携式消费电子产品(如手机、PDA和数字照相机)的主流特性。把彩屏集成进小型便携式设备的挑战之一是需要白光作为背光。对于如手提电脑的大型显示屏,通常使用的冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL),但因在其尺寸... 详细信息

在过去几年中,小型彩屏从稀有物品变成了便携式消费电子产品(如手机、PDA和数字照相机)的主流特性。把彩屏集成进小型便携式设备的挑战之一是需要白光作为背光。对于如手提电脑的大型显示屏,通常使用的冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL),但因在其尺寸方面的限制和设计复杂性,很难用于更小型的应用。而白色LED具有优异的光学特性,因此成为小型显示屏背光显示的首选解决方案。此外,白色LED也可以用作键盘的背光。将白色LED与光导相配合,可提供均匀的白色背光。白色LED方案面临的挑战设计师在集成白色LED时所面临的挑战在于有如下几方面。(1) LED具有独特的电气特性,且现在大多数便携式产品均由单节锂离子电池供电。白色LED的正向电压(vf)是通过该器件的电流及其本身材料特性的函数。但总的来说,vf在3.2～3.8v之间(图1),而锂离子电池的输出电压在3.0～4.2v之间,因此能够满足LED的电气特性。因此,采用由直接与电池相连的LDO驱动彩色LED,用一个串联电阻来调节驱动电流,这种用于彩色LED的简单的解决方案并不适用于白色LED。(2) 另一个面临的挑战是,在大多数情况下,需要数个白色LED。手机的小型显示屏可能需要3个或者4个...

关键词：白色LED 背光照明正向电压驱动电路并联配置串联配置

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手机中低电压处理器供电问题的考虑

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世界电子元器件 2003年第5期 34-36页

作者： Upal Sengupta bernie Weir 安森美半导体

引言传统上的手机电源管理是采用一系列用单个锂电池供电的低压降稳压器(LDO).随着数字CMOS制造工艺的进步,基带和应用处理器的工作电压从前几年的3v减小到低于1.8v.同时,手机的处理能力也增加了,可以支持多种新型应用,如网络浏览、游戏... 详细信息

引言传统上的手机电源管理是采用一系列用单个锂电池供电的低压降稳压器(LDO).随着数字CMOS制造工艺的进步,基带和应用处理器的工作电压从前几年的3v减小到低于1.8v.同时,手机的处理能力也增加了,可以支持多种新型应用,如网络浏览、游戏、MP3、数码相机和PDA管理器等功能.这就要求这些处理器应用有更高的峰值电流.而且用户期望手机外观更小,而通话时间更长.这就需要提高整个系统的效率,对手机的设计人员而言是一个挑战.

关键词：手机中低电压处理器供电降压变换器拓扑结构电感电流波形 NCPl501同步降压稳压器

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