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Impact of tree diversity and environmental conditions on the survival of shrub species in a forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 179-189页

作者： Bo Yang Ying Li Bingyang Ding Sabine Both Alexandra Erfmeier Werner Härdtle Keping Ma bernhard Schmid Thomas Scholten Gunnar Seidler Goddert von Oheimb Xuefei Yang Helge Bruelheide Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106120 HalleGermany Key Laboratory of Speciality Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province Jingdezhen University838 Cidu AvenueJingdezhenJiangxi 333000China Faculty of Sustainability Institute of EcologyLeuphana University LüneburgScharnhorststr 121335 LüneburgGermany College of Life and Environmental Sciences Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325035China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar DriveAberdeen AB243UUUK Institute for Ecosystem Research GeobotanyKiel UniversityOlshausenstr 7524118 KielGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstr 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Department of Geosciences Chair of Soil Science and GeomorphologyEberhard Karls University TübingenRümelinstraße19-23D-72070 TübingenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Institute of General Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPienner Straße 701737 TharandtGermany Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyCAS KunmingKunming 650201China

Aims Although shrubs are an important component of forests,their role has not yet been considered in forest biodiversity *** the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment with subtropical tree species in south-east China(BEF-China),we factorially combined tree with shrub species-diversity ***,we tested the hypotheses that shrub survival differs between the 10 planted shrub species,with lower survival rates of late-than early-successional species and is affected by environmental conditions,such as topography and top soil characteristics,as well as by biotic factors,represented by tree,shrub and herb layer *** We analyzed the survival of 42000 shrub individuals in 105 plots varying in tree and shrub species richness of the BEF-China project four years after *** survival was analyzed with generalized linear mixed effects models at the level of individuals and with variance partitioning at the plot *** intercept and random slope models of different explanatory variables were compared with respect to the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC).Important Findings Survival rates differed largely between the 10 shrub species,ranging from 26%to 91%for Ardisia crenata and Distylium buxifolium,*** of species identity,single abiotic factors explained up to 5%of species survival,with a negative effect of altitude and slope inclination and a positive effect of the topsoil carbon to nitrogen ratio,which pointed to drought as the major cause of shrub *** contrast,neither tree nor shrub richness affected shrub survival at this early stage of the *** the biotic predictors,only herb layer species richness and cover of the dominant fern species(Dicranopteris pedata)affected shrub ***,our models that included all variables could explain about 65%in shrub survival,with environmental variables being most influential,followed by shrub species identity,while tree speci

关键词： BEF-China biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiment forest herb layer plant survival shrub species richness

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Decreasing recurrent bowel obstructions,improving quality of life with physiotherapy:Controlled study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2108-2119页

作者： Amanda D Rice Kimberley Patterson Evette D Reed Belinda F Wurn Kristen Robles bernhard Klingenberg Leonard B Weinstock Janey SA Pratt C Richard King III Lawrence J Wurn Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine-PhoenixUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85004United States Clear Passage Therapies GainesvilleFL 32606United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Williams CollegeWilliamstownMA 01267United States Clinical Medicine and Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSpecialists in GastroenterologyLLCSt.LouisMO 63141United States Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94035United States College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32607United States

AIM To compare(1) quality of life and(2) rate of recurrent small bowel obstructions(SBO) for patients treated with novel manual physiotherapy vs no treatment. METHODS One hundred and three subjects(age 19-89) with a history of recurrent adhesive SBO were treated with a manual physiotherapy called the Clear Passage Approach(CPA) which focused on decreasing adhesive crosslinking in abdominopelvic viscera. Pre-and post-therapy data measured recurring obstructions and quality of life, using a validated test sent 90 d after therapy. Results were compared to 136 untreated control subjects who underwent the same measurements for subjects who did not receive any therapy, which is the normal course for patients with recurring SBO. Comparison of the groups allowed us to assess changes when the physiotherapy was added as an adjunct treatment for patients with recurring *** Despite histories of more prior hospitalizations, obstructions, surgeries, and years impacted by bowel issues, the 103 CPA-treated subjects reported a significantly lower rate of repeat SBO than 136 untreated controls(total obstructions P = 0.0003; partial obstructions P = 0.0076). Subjects treated with the therapy demonstrated significant improvements in five of six total domains in the validated Small Bowel Obstruction Questionnaire(SBO-Q). Domains of diet, pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life(QOL) and pain severity when compared to post CPA treatment were significantly improved(P < 0.0001). The medication domain was not changed in the CPA treated group(P = 0.176).CONCLUSION CPA physical therapy was effective for patients with adhesive SBO with significantly lower recurrence rate, improvement in reported symptoms and overall quality of life of subjects.

关键词： Clear passage approach Manual therapy Physical therapy Small bowel obstructions Adhesions Physiotherapy Alternative therapy

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考尔雅典女神,雅典卫城682——一尊希腊古典晚期雕塑的重建工作(英文)

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文博 2009年第6期 111-117页

作者： bernhard Schmaltz 基尔大学考古艺术研究所德国

在15世纪的意大利,人们发现了大量的古代雕塑遗存,基本上都是大理石雕塑残片。出于对大理石的迷恋、对雕刻工艺的欣赏、对人体雕塑生动表现的着迷,当时的贵族热衷于收集这些残片并试图拼对与重建这些残破的雕塑。但是几乎没有发现任何... 详细信息

在15世纪的意大利,人们发现了大量的古代雕塑遗存,基本上都是大理石雕塑残片。出于对大理石的迷恋、对雕刻工艺的欣赏、对人体雕塑生动表现的着迷,当时的贵族热衷于收集这些残片并试图拼对与重建这些残破的雕塑。但是几乎没有发现任何颜色的残存,他们甚至不会去探究彩绘他们更赞赏大理石洁白无瑕的表面。19世纪早期,建筑学家们考察了西西里一些古代庙宇的彩绘残存,随后有关一些著名希腊神庙(如帕台农神庙)彩绘的重构工作在全欧洲引发了热烈的讨论。但是对于这些雕塑涂施彩绘的强烈质疑声一直持续到十九世纪八十年代,直到雅典卫城发掘工作的开展才证实了古代大理石雕塑彩绘的事实。出土时,很多破碎的雕塑残片上都残存有鲜亮的彩绘,但通常在出土几个小时后就由于干燥而剥落了,只有依稀的彩绘痕迹残存,以及工作人员的描述和水彩模画。今天,翻开现代有关古代雕塑的书籍,你会发现大量彩色照片,但总是显现白色大理石表面。有关雕塑的工艺、功能和历史发展的意义的讨论已经很多了,但是很难得到一个完整的古代雕塑彩绘的例子。不仅仅是雅典卫城的雕塑曾经涂饰彩绘,经过重建工作这一时期有大量彩绘的例子。本次工作即是采用古代颜料与模具,尽可能完整的重建了一尊古代雕塑。

关键词：彩绘考尔雅典女神雅典卫城682 艺术雕像

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Trade Unions in Western Europe since 1945

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丛书名： The Societies of Europe

2000年

作者： bernhard Ebbinghaus Jelle Visser (auth.)

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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安捷伦液相/离子阱(XCT)质谱检测虾仁及家禽中的硝基呋喃代谢物

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环境化学 2004年第6期23卷 717-721页

作者： bernhard wüst Christian Sauber Hans (J) A van Rhijn Agilent Technologies GmbH Hewlett-Packardstr.876337WaldbronnGermanyAgilent Technologies GmbHHewlett-Packardstr.876337WaldbronnGermanyRIKILT Institute of Food SafetyBornsesteeg 456700 AE Wageningenthe Netherlands

在液相/离子阱质谱上,利用液相/质谱/质谱方法对鸡肉及虾仁中硝基呋喃代谢物残留进行了定性定量分析.对于四种硝基呋喃代谢物,其定量限在0125到05μg·kg-1的范围内,分析结果完全满足欧盟的1μg·kg-1的最低检测限量的要求.

关键词：硝基呋喃家禽虾仁 XCT 定量分析检测方法

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Post-transcriptional regulation of sucrose transporters in solanaceous plants

Post-transcriptional regulation of sucrose transporters in s...

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第十一届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Izabela Chincinska bernhard Grimm Christina Kühn Humboldt Univeristy of Berlin the department of plant physiologyPhilippstr.13 Haus1210115Germany

Sucrose Transporters(SUTs,also called Sucrose Carriers-SUCs) are membrane proteins,located in the plasma membrane that function in loading sucrose into phloem(specialized vascular tissue) and in sucrose uptake into si...

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Effects of Electrolyte Concentration, Temperature, Flow Velocity and Current Density on Zn Deposit Morphology

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第11期9卷 1019-1028页

作者： Aleksandra Gavrilovic-Wohlmuther Andreas Laskos Christian Zelger bernhard Gollas AdamHarding Whitehead CEST--Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology GmbH Wiener Neustadt 2700 Austria Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials Graz University of Technology Graz 8010 Austria Cellstrom GmbH Wiener Neudorf 2355 Austria

The most critical disadvantages of the Zn-air flow battery system are corrosion of the zinc, which appears as a high self-discharge current density and a short cycle life due to the non-uniform, dendritic, zinc electrodeposition that can lead to internal short-circuit. In our efforts to find a dendrite-free Zn electrodeposition which can be utilized in the Zn-air flow battery, the surface morphology of the electrolytic Zn deposits on a polished polymer carbon composite anode in alkaline, additive-free solutions was studied. Experiments were carried out with 0.1 M, 0.2 M and 0.5 M zincate concentrations in 8 M KOH. The effects of different working conditions such as： elevated temperatures, different current densities and different flow velocities, on current efficiency and dendrite formation were investigated. Specially designed test flow-cell with a central transparent window was employed. The highest Coulombic efficiencies of 80%-93% were found for 0.5 M ZnO in 8 M KOH, at increased temperatures （50-70 ℃）, current densities of up to 100 ***2 and linear electrolyte flow velocities higher than 6.7 cm.s1.

关键词： Dendrite electrochemistry flow battery zinc zinc morphology.

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Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Matter and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Semi-Arid Area of Northeastern Syria

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Natural Resources 2019年第12期10卷 415-432页

作者： Hussam Hag Husein Mohammsd Mousa Wahib Sahwan Rupert Baeumler bernhard Lucke Institute of Geography and Soil Science FAU Erlangen Nuremberg University Erlangen Germany General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research Al Raqqa Syria

Although soil organic matter (SOM) forms a small portion of the soil body. Nevertheless, it is the most important component of the soil ecosystem, as well as of the carbon global cycle. In the semi-arid environment, there has been little research on the spatial distribution of SOM and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. In this study, stratified random samples of total 30 soils were collected from two different soil depth (topsoil, subsoil) of Al Balikh plain and used for mapping the spatial variability of SOC and to estimating the SOC stock. The result showed that the values were relatively homogenate, with the normal decreasing trend with increasing the depth. The standard deviation (Std. D) for both SOC and SOC stock indicates homogeneous and absence of outliers values, whereas the coefficient of variation (C.V) indicates non-dispersion and clustering of values around the average. SOC was 0.38%, 0.17% in topsoil and subsoil respectively;the corresponding averages of SOC stock were 1.23 kg·m-2? and 1.14 kg·m-2 respectively, these values reflecting typical characteristics of poor SOC semi-arid soil. The correlation between SOC and SOC stock was (R2 = 0.996, p 2 = 0.941, p < 0.001) for subsoil. The semivariograms were indicated that both SOC and SOC stock were best fitted to the exponential model. Nugget, range, and sill were equal to 0.002, 0.036, and 0.044, respectively for SOC in topsoil, and 0.014, 0.071, and 0.081, for SOC in the subsoil. For SOC stock, it was 0.0, 0.036, and 0.0508, respectively in topsoil. In the subsoil, the values were 0.1899, 0.086, and 4.159, respectively. SOC and SCO stock in both two layers are shown a strong spatial dependence, for which were 4.3, 17.2 for SOC in topsoil and subsoil respectively, and 0.0, 4.5 for SOC stock in topsoil and subsoil respectively, thus, which can be attributed to intrinsic factors.

关键词： Soil Organic Carbon Stock Semi-Arid Semivariogram Exponential Model Flood Plain

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Regulation of 11<i>β</i>-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and 2 in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 254-262页

作者： Christine Beyeler bernhard Dick Howard A. Bird Brigitte M. Frey Academic Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Leeds United Kingdom Departments of Nephrology and Hypertension and Clinical Research University Hospital of Berne Switzerland Institute of Medical Education Department of Rheumatology Clinical Immunology and Allergology

Objective. The sequential activities of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes type 1 and 2 have not been investigated so far in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis before and after starting treatment though the enzymes balancing cortisol and cortisone levels are involved in regulating various inflammatory diseases. Methods. In a retrospective study, a panel of 41 urinary steroid metabolites has been analysed in a group of 18 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as they were brought under control with disease modifying drugs. Results. No major changes were found in a variety of androgen, oestrogen and progesterone metabolites, however the ratio of THF + 5αTHF/THE as an index of 11β-HSD1 oxidative activity demonstrated down-regulation with modification correlating significantly with change in acute phase reactants as the disease came under control. These findings were supported by a tendency of a reduced ratio of F/E, an index of 11β-HSD2 oxidative activity, resulting in a significant correlation of the two ratios (p < 0.001). This parallelism of the two enzymes with functions of clinical laboratory parameters during drug-induced improvement of the disease is novel. Conclusions. Urinary steroid metabolites, which alter with disease activity, may provide further insight into the mechanisms by which stress can modify arthritis through hormones.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Basic Clinical Scienc Hormones Inflammation Biomarkers

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The Initial Tangent of the Femoral Arterial Pressure Increase Is an Estimate of Left Ventricular Contractility in Patients Undergoing Cardiacsurgery

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第9期4卷 207-216页

作者： Matthias Langin Christian Kowalski Frank Christ bernhard Zwissler Hille Kisch-Wedel Department of Anesthesiology Ludwig Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany

Purpose: Assessment of contractile function is a major challenge in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, especially during cardiac surgery. The initial tangent of the femoral arterial pressure increase (tanin) has recently been described to be an estimate of left ventricular (LV) contractility. To confirm these findings tanin was compared to various indices of LV performance in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Data from 17 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Myocardial performance was estimated by the echocardiographic indices ejection fraction (EF), shortening fraction (FS), circumferential fiber shortening velocity (Vcf), the parameters of pulse contour analysis area under the curve (AUC) and tanin. Measurements were taken before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Results: Tanin increased significantly (813 ± 216 mmHg/s vs. 1490 ± 450 mmHg/s, p < 0.05) after CPB, as well as Vcf (0.89 ± 0.14 circ/s vs. 1.47 ± 0.27 circ/s, p < 0.05) and EF (65% ± 7% vs. 74% ± 6%, p < 0.05). FS did not change (40.7% ± 7% vs. 46.5% ± 5%, p = 0.30). AUC significantly dropped after CPB (435 ± 54 mmHg*s vs. 263 ± 27 mmHg*s). Tanin and Vcf correlated strongly (r = 0.70, p < 0.001), while tanin showed only weak correlation with EF (r = 0.36, p = 0.037). There was no significant correlation with FS (r = 0.31, p = 0.079). Tanin and AUC correlated inversely (r = -0.62, p < 0.001). Conclusions: While showing little or no correlation with EF and FS respectively, tanin correlated well with the less preload-dependent parameter Vcf, thus suggesting that tanin may be used as an easily accessible estimate of LV contractility during cardiac surgery.

关键词： Arterial Pressure Wave Form Analysis Left Ventricular Contractility Cardiacsurgery

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