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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 50-59页

作者： Konstantin Svechnikov Jan-bernd Stukenborg Iuliia Savchuck Olle Sider Department of Women's and Children's Health Paediatric Endocrinology Unit Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital Stockholm Sweden

During the past few decades, scientific evidence has been accumulated concerning the possible adverse effects of the exposure to environmental chemicals on the well-being of wildlife and human populations. One large and growing group of such compounds of anthropogenic or natural origin is referred to as endocrine-disrupting chemicals （EDCs）, due to their deleterious action on the endocrine system. This concern was first focused on the control of reproductive function particularly in males, but has later been expanded to include all possible endocrine functions. The present review describes the underlying physiology behind the cascade of developmental events that occur during sexual differentiation of males and the specific role of androgen in the masculinization process and proper organogenesis of the external male genitalia. The impact of the genetic background, environmental exposures and lifestyle factors in the etiology of hypospadias, cryptorchidism and testicular cancer are reviewed and the possible role of EDCs in the development of these reproductive disorders is discussed critically. Finally, the possible direct and programming effects of exposures in utero to widely use therapeutic compounds, environmental estrogens and other chemicals on the incidence of reproductive abnormalities and poor semen quality in humans are also highlighted.

关键词： endocrine disrupters male (in)fertility reproductive disorders testis testicular steroidogenesis

A handbook of varieties of English / CD-ROM. Varieties of English

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Acute right insular ischaemic lesions and poststroke left ventricular dysfunction

2004年

作者： bernd Kortmann

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第4期8卷 301-306页

作者： Klemens Winder Carolina Villegas Millar Gabriela Siedler Michael Knott Arnd Dörfler Anna Engel Stephan Achenbach Max J Hilz bernd Kallmünzer Stefan Schwab Frank Seifert Kilian Fröhlich Neurology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Neurology University Hospital and University of ZürichZürichSwitzerland Neuroradiology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Cardiology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Introduction Myocardial injury related to acute ischaemic stroke is common even without primary cardiac *** intended to determine associations between values of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and ischaemic stroke lesion *** Of a local database,patients with acute first-ever ischaemic stroke confirmed by brain imaging but without pre-existing heart disease were *** cardiac morphology and LVEF were obtained from transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography,and impaired LVEF was categorised as mild(35%-50%),moderate(34%-25%)and severe(0.1 ng/mL),atrial fibrillation and cardiac wall motion abnormalities were assessed and compared between patients with and without impaired LVEF after stroke(significance:p50%.The multivariate voxelwise lesion analysis yielded associations between decreased LVEF and damaged voxels in the insula,amygdala and operculum of the right *** Our imaging analysis unveils a prominent role of the right hemispheric central autonomic network,especially of the insular cortex,in the brain-heart *** results support preliminary evidence that acute ischaemic stroke in distinct brain regions of the central autonomic network may directly impair cardiac function and thus further supports the concept of a distinct stroke-heart syndrome.

关键词： impaired ischaemic ventricular

Genetic diversity and differentiation among populations of the pedunculate oak(Quercus robur)at the eastern margin of its range based on a new set of 95 SNP loci

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2237-2243页

作者： bernd Degen Yulai Yanbaev Ruslan Ianbaev Svetlana Bakhtina Albina Tagirova Institute of Forest Genetics GrosshansdorfGermany Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education“Bashkir State Agrarian University” UfaRussia Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education“Bashkir State University” UfaRussia

The aim of this study is to determine the genetic variability and differentiation among populations of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur)at the eastern margin of the species distribution *** applied new set of 95 geographically informative nuclear SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)loci developed using Double Digest Restriction Site Associated DNA(ddRAD),a new generation DNA sequencing *** study area is located in the basins of the Volga River and its two main tributaries,Kama and *** the strong reduction and fragmentation of pedunculate oak forests over the last several centuries and comparatively small sizes of present stands,a relatively similar genetic diversity of seven populations was observed(on average,allelic diversity v_(a)=1.472-1.603,observed heterozygosity H_(O)=0.305-0.358,expected heterozygosity H_(E)=0.272-0.343).The genetic distances between populations vary between 0.102 and 0.170(on average,d_(0)=0.128).We have identified the absence of a spatial genetic structure and the existence of genetically peculiar populations in the territory *** genetic distances of Gregorius between populations vary between 0.102 and 0.170(on average,d_(0)=0.128).Genetic differentiation among populations was statistically significant with a mean of the fixation index FST of *** from the Privolzhye Upplands and from northern parts of the study area make the most contribution to overall inter-population differentiation(d_(0)=0.137).No significant differences exist among the samples at lowlands along the Volga river(d_(0)=0.110).It was concluded that the multiplicity and different ages of local populations and the complexity of migration routes of the pedunculate oak from Pleistocene refugia and secondary Holocene shelters can cause this phenomenon.

关键词： Population Quercus robur Gene pool Single nucleotide polymorphism

Shedding Light on the Crystallographic Etching of Multi-Layer Graphene at the Atomic Scale

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Nano Research 2009年第9期2卷 695-705页

作者： Franziska Schäffel Jamie H.Warner Alicja Bachmatiuk bernd Rellinghaus bernd Büchner Ludwig Schultz Mark H.Rümmeli IFW Dresden P.O.Box 270116D-01171 DresdenGermany Department of Materials University of OxfordParks Rd.Oxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom

The controlled etching of graphite and graphene by catalytic hydrogenation is potentially a key engineering route for the fabrication of graphene nanoribbons with atomic *** hydrogenation mechanism,though,remains poorly *** this study we exploit the benefi ts of aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to gain insight to the hydrogenation *** etch tracks are found to be commensurate with the graphite *** particles at the head of an etch channel are shown to be faceted and the angles between facets are multiples of 30°.Thus,the angles between facets are also commensurate with the graphite *** addition,the results of a post-annealing step suggest that all catalyst particles even if they are not involved in etching are actively forming methane during the hydrogenation ***,the data point against carbon dissolution being a key mechanism during the hydrogenation process.

关键词： Graphene graphene nanoribbons catalytic hydrogenation nanoparticles

A synchronous distributed cloud-based virtual reality meeting system for architectural and urban design

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2014年第4期3卷 348-357页

作者： Lei Sun Tomohiro Fukuda bernd Resch School ol Engineering Osaka University Suito Osaka S 4521 Japan Institute of Geography University of Heidelberg Heidelberg D 69120 Germany Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

In the spatial design fields such as architectural design and urban design, a consensus-building process among a variety of stakeholders like project executors, architects, residents, users, and general citizens is required. New technological developments such as cloud computing and Virtual Design Studios （VDS） enable the creation of virtual meeting systems. This paper proposes an approach towards a synchronous distributed design meeting system. In this paper, in addition to sharing a 3D virtual space for a synchronous distributed type design meeting, we developed a prototype system that enables participants to sketch or make annotations and have discussions as well as add viewpoints to them. We applied these functions to evaluate an architectural design and urban landscape examination. In conclusion, the proposed method was evaluated as being effective and feasible. Yet, it shows a few shortcomings including the fact that simultaneous operation is limited to one client, and more arbitrary shapes should be supported in future versions of the application.

关键词： Spatial design meeting Distributed synchronization Cloud computing Annotation Discussion board

Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 deficiency in hepatocytes does not protect from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, but attenuates insulin resistance in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第33期26卷 4933-4944页

作者： Sena Bluemel Yanhan Wang Suhan Lee bernd Schnabl Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital ZurichZurich 8091Switzerland Department of Medicine VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA 92161United States

BACKGROUND End-stage liver disease caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the second leading indication for liver *** date,only moderately effective pharmacotherapies exist to treat *** the pathogenesis of NASH is therefore crucial for the development of new *** inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)is important for the progression of liver *** signaling via TNF receptor 1(TNFR1)has been hypothesized to be important for the development of NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma in whole-body knockout animal *** To investigate the role of TNFR1 signaling in hepatocytes for steatohepatitis development in a mouse model of diet-induced *** NASH was induced by a western-style fast-food diet in mice deficient for TNFR1 in hepatocytes(TNFR1ΔHEP)and their wild-type littermates(TNFR1fl/fl).Glucose tolerance was assessed after 18 wk and insulin resistance after 19 wk of *** 20 wk mice were assessed for features of NASH and the metabolic syndrome such as liver weight,liver steatosis,liver fibrosis and markers of liver *** Obesity,liver injury,inflammation,steatosis and fibrosis was not different between TNFR1ΔHEP and TNFR1fl/fl ***,Tnfr1 deficiency in hepatocytes protected against glucose intolerance and insulin *** Our results indicate that deficiency of TNFR1 signaling in hepatocytes does not protect from diet-induced ***,improved insulin resistance in this model strengthens the role of the liver in glucose homeostasis.

关键词： Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes Insulin resistance Glucose intolerance

Environmental impacts of a large-scale incinerator with mixed MSW of high water content from a LCA perspective

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 173-179页

作者： Ziyang Lou bernd Bilitewski Nanwen Zhu Xiaoli Chai Bing Li Youcai Zhao School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Institute for Waste Management and Contaminated Sites Treatment TU Dresden Faculty of Forestry Geo and Hydro Sciences State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University

Large-scale incinerators are applied widely as a result of the heavy burden of municipal solid waste（MSW） generated, while strong opposition is arising from the public living nearby. A large-scale working incineration plant of 1500 ton/day was chosen for evaluation using life cycle assessment. It was found that the corresponding human toxicity impacts via soil（HTs）, human toxicity impacts via water（HTw） and human toxicity impacts via air（HTa）categories are 0.213, 2.171, and 0.012 personal equivalents（PE）, and global warming（GW100）and nutrient enrichment（NE） impacts are 0.002 and 0.001 PE per ton of waste burned for this plant. Heavy metals in flue gas, such as Hg and Pb, are the two dominant contributors to the toxicity impact categories, and energy recovery could reduce the GW100 and NE greatly. The corresponding HTs, HTw and HTa decrease to 0.087, 0.911 and 0.008 PE, and GW100 turns into savings of- 0.007 PE due to the increase of the heating value from 3935 to5811 k J/kg, if a trommel screener of 40 mm mesh size is used to pre-separate MSW. MSW sorting and the reduction of water content by physical pressure might be two promising pre-treatment methods to improve the combustion performance, and the application of stricter standards for leachate discharge and the flue gas purification process are two critical factors for improvement of the environmental profile identified in this work.

关键词： Large scale incinerator Life cycle assessment Environmental impact MSW Sorting system China

Ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding of aluminum and steel： Process and properties of EN AW 6061/DC04-Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 163-172页

作者： Marco Thoma Guntram Wagner Benjamin Straβ bernd Wolter Sigrid Benferc Wolfram Furbeth Chair of Composites and Material Compounds Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz 09125 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing IZFP Saarbrucken 66123 Germany DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt am Main 60486 Germany

In this work, the joining of aluminum to steel was conducted by ultrasound enhanced friction stir weld- ing （USE-FSW）. The power ultrasound was introduced into one of the metal sheets by an ultrasonic roll seam module synchronously to the FSW-process. The effect of the ultrasound on the resulting welds, their microstructure and their corrosion properties was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy and corrosion investigations. The USE-FSW-joints showed less and smaller steel particles in the nugget zone as well as a thinner continuous intermetallic phase of FeAl3 at the interface. The nondestructive testing method of computed laminography proved the observations made by optic microscopy due to non-porous joints for both techniques. Corrosion investigations showed only low corrosion current densities and no enhanced galvanic corrosion for the EN AW-6061/DC04-hybrid joints in sodium chloride solution.

关键词： Friction stir welding Ultrasound enhancement Dissimilar joints Corrosion