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Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 deficiency in hepatocytes does not protect from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, but attenuates insulin resistance in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第33期26卷 4933-4944页

作者： Sena Bluemel Yanhan Wang Suhan Lee bernd Schnabl Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital ZurichZurich 8091Switzerland Department of Medicine VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA 92161United States

BACKGROUND End-stage liver disease caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the second leading indication for liver *** date,only moderately effective pharmacotherapies exist to treat *** the pathogenesis of NASH is therefore crucial for the development of new *** inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)is important for the progression of liver *** signaling via TNF receptor 1(TNFR1)has been hypothesized to be important for the development of NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma in whole-body knockout animal *** To investigate the role of TNFR1 signaling in hepatocytes for steatohepatitis development in a mouse model of diet-induced *** NASH was induced by a western-style fast-food diet in mice deficient for TNFR1 in hepatocytes(TNFR1ΔHEP)and their wild-type littermates(TNFR1fl/fl).Glucose tolerance was assessed after 18 wk and insulin resistance after 19 wk of *** 20 wk mice were assessed for features of NASH and the metabolic syndrome such as liver weight,liver steatosis,liver fibrosis and markers of liver *** Obesity,liver injury,inflammation,steatosis and fibrosis was not different between TNFR1ΔHEP and TNFR1fl/fl ***,Tnfr1 deficiency in hepatocytes protected against glucose intolerance and insulin *** Our results indicate that deficiency of TNFR1 signaling in hepatocytes does not protect from diet-induced ***,improved insulin resistance in this model strengthens the role of the liver in glucose homeostasis.

关键词： Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes Insulin resistance Glucose intolerance

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A review of hydrogen storage and transport technologies

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Clean Energy 2023年第1期7卷 190-216页

作者： Miao Yang Ralf Hunger Stefano Berrettoni bernd Sprecher Baodong Wang Hohenloher Weg 4 74541 VellbergGermany August-Bebel-Strabe 53 04275 LeipzigGermany AFT microwave GmbH Donaustraße 1871522 BacknangGermany Emil-Kost-Weg 8 74523 Schwaebisch HallGermany NICE Europe Research GmbH Stockholmer Platz 170173 StuttgartGermany

An important component of the deep decarbonization of the worldwide energy system is to build up the large-scale utilization of hydrogen to substitute for fossil fuels in all sectors including industry,the electricity sector,transportation and ***,apart from reducing hydrogen production costs,establishing an efficient and suitable infrastructure for the storage,transportation and distribution of hydrogen becomes *** article provides a technically detailed overview of the state-of-the-art technologies for hydrogen infrastructure,including the physical-and material-based hydrogen storage ***-based storage means the storage of hydrogen in its compressed gaseous,liquid or supercritical *** storage in the form of liquid-organic hydrogen carriers,metal hydrides or power fuels is denoted as material-based ***,primary ways to transport hydrogen,such as land transportation via trailer and pipeline,overseas shipping and some related commercial data,are *** the key results of this article,hydrogen storage and transportation technologies are compared with each *** comparison provides recommendations for building appropriate hydrogen infrastructure systems according to different application scenarios.

关键词： hydrogen infrastructure hydrogen storage hydrogen transportation

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Growth-Regulating Factors （GRFs）： A Small Transcription Factor Family with Important Functions in Plant Biology

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Molecular Plant 2015年第7期8卷 998-1010页

作者： Mohammad Amin Omidbakhshfard Sebastian Proost Ushio Fujikura bernd Mueller-Roeber Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Straβe 24-25 Haus 20 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Growth-regulating factors （GRFs） are plant-specific transcription factors that were originally identified for their roles in stem and leaf development, but recent studies highlight them to be similarly important for other central developmental processes including flower and seed formation, root development, and the coordination of growth processes under adverse environmental conditions. The expression of several GRFs is controlled by microRNA miR396, and the GRF-miRNA396 regulatory module appears to be central to several of these processes. In addition, transcription factors upstream of GRFs and miR396 have been discovered, and gradually downstream target genes of GRFs are being unraveled. Here, we review the current knowledge of the biological functions performed by GRFs and survey available molecular data to illustrate how they exert their roles at the cellular level.

关键词： abiotic stress chromatin remodeling flower development growth regulation leaf development,miRNA

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Ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding of aluminum and steel： Process and properties of EN AW 6061/DC04-Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 163-172页

作者： Marco Thoma Guntram Wagner Benjamin Straβ bernd Wolter Sigrid Benferc Wolfram Furbeth Chair of Composites and Material Compounds Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz 09125 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing IZFP Saarbrucken 66123 Germany DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt am Main 60486 Germany

In this work, the joining of aluminum to steel was conducted by ultrasound enhanced friction stir weld- ing （USE-FSW）. The power ultrasound was introduced into one of the metal sheets by an ultrasonic roll seam module synchronously to the FSW-process. The effect of the ultrasound on the resulting welds, their microstructure and their corrosion properties was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy and corrosion investigations. The USE-FSW-joints showed less and smaller steel particles in the nugget zone as well as a thinner continuous intermetallic phase of FeAl3 at the interface. The nondestructive testing method of computed laminography proved the observations made by optic microscopy due to non-porous joints for both techniques. Corrosion investigations showed only low corrosion current densities and no enhanced galvanic corrosion for the EN AW-6061/DC04-hybrid joints in sodium chloride solution.

关键词： Friction stir welding Ultrasound enhancement Dissimilar joints Corrosion

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Environmental impacts of a large-scale incinerator with mixed MSW of high water content from a LCA perspective

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 173-179页

作者： Ziyang Lou bernd Bilitewski Nanwen Zhu Xiaoli Chai Bing Li Youcai Zhao School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Institute for Waste Management and Contaminated Sites Treatment TU Dresden Faculty of Forestry Geo and Hydro Sciences State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University

Large-scale incinerators are applied widely as a result of the heavy burden of municipal solid waste（MSW） generated, while strong opposition is arising from the public living nearby. A large-scale working incineration plant of 1500 ton/day was chosen for evaluation using life cycle assessment. It was found that the corresponding human toxicity impacts via soil（HTs）, human toxicity impacts via water（HTw） and human toxicity impacts via air（HTa）categories are 0.213, 2.171, and 0.012 personal equivalents（PE）, and global warming（GW100）and nutrient enrichment（NE） impacts are 0.002 and 0.001 PE per ton of waste burned for this plant. Heavy metals in flue gas, such as Hg and Pb, are the two dominant contributors to the toxicity impact categories, and energy recovery could reduce the GW100 and NE greatly. The corresponding HTs, HTw and HTa decrease to 0.087, 0.911 and 0.008 PE, and GW100 turns into savings of- 0.007 PE due to the increase of the heating value from 3935 to5811 k J/kg, if a trommel screener of 40 mm mesh size is used to pre-separate MSW. MSW sorting and the reduction of water content by physical pressure might be two promising pre-treatment methods to improve the combustion performance, and the application of stricter standards for leachate discharge and the flue gas purification process are two critical factors for improvement of the environmental profile identified in this work.

关键词： Large scale incinerator Life cycle assessment Environmental impact MSW Sorting system China

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Antioxidant,nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of Garcinia kola and Chrysophyllum albidum from rainforest ecosystem of Ondo State,Nigeria

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 417-424页

作者： Jonathan C.Onyekwelu Olufunmilayo Oyewale bernd Stimm Reinhard Mosandl Department of Forestry and Wood Technology Federal University of Technology Institute of Silviculture Technische Universit?t Muenchen

Tropical forests contain many tree species that have supplied edible fruits for *** fruits have contributed to human diets due to their richness in nutrients,vitamins,minerals,antioxidants and their low antinutrients *** investigated the antioxidant,nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of Garcinia kola and Chrysophyllum albidum fruit *** nutritional,anti-nutritional and antioxidant compositions differed depending on the fruit *** of fruit part,moisture content was high（72–93 %）.While the edible part（fruit pulp） of *** proved a better source of protein（4）,fibre（17 %） and fat（2 %）,the seed kernel was a better source of ash（2 %） and carbohydrate（15 %）.Carbohydrate（22 %）,protein（2 %）,fat（1 %） and fibre（3 %） were higher in *** seed kernel（edible part） than in the pulp and ***-nutrient content in *** and *** fruits was low,indicating that their consumption would not pose nutritional or health *** antioxidant compositions（especially phenolic content（10–21 mg g-1） and DPPH（1,1-diphenyl–2 picrylhydrazyl）（26–55 %）） of *** fruit pulp and *** seed kernel were high,implying that they could be good sources of natural antioxidants and could be used as supplements in food manufacturing.

关键词： Forest food trees Livelihood Antioxidant Nutritional supplement Tropical forests Garcinia kola Chrysophyllum albidum Nigeria

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Sustainable waste management for zero waste cities in China:potential,challenges and opportunities

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Clean Energy 2020年第3期4卷 169-201页

作者： Roh Pin Lee bernd Meyer Qiuliang Huang Raoul Voss Institute for Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering TU Bergakademie FreibergGermany Fraunhofer IMWS Branch Lab‘Circular Carbon Technologies’ FreibergGermany Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuanChina

Waste is a valuable secondary carbon *** the linear economy,it is predominantly landfilled or *** disposal routes not only lead to diverse climate,environmental and societal problems;they also represent a loss of carbon *** a circular carbon economy,waste is used as a secondary carbon feedstock to replace fossil resources for *** contributes to environmental protection and resource *** furthermore increases a nation’s independence from imported fossil energy *** is at the start of its transition from a linear to circular carbon *** can thus draw on waste management experiences of other economies and assess the opportunities for transference to support its development of‘zero waste cities’.This paper has three main *** is an assessment of drivers for China’s zero waste cities initiative and the approaches that have been implemented to combat its growing waste *** is a sharing of Germany’s experience-a forerunner in the implementation of the waste hierarchy(reduce-reuse-recycle-recover-landfill)with extensive experience in circular carbon technologies-in sustainable waste *** is an identification of transference opportunities for China’s zero waste *** transference opportunities identified range from measures to promote waste prevention,waste separation and waste reduction,generating additional value via mechanical recycling,implementing chemical recycling as a recycling option before energy recovery to extending energy recovery opportunities.

关键词： circular carbon economy waste-to-energy zero waste cities sustainable waste management recycling

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Gut microbiota,fatty liver disease,and hepatocellular carcinoma

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Liver Research 2018年第1期2卷 43-51页

作者： Huikuan Chu Brandon Williams bernd Schnabl Division of Gastroenterology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCAUSA

Intestinal bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Recently developed microbial profiling techniques are beginning to shed light on the nature of the changes in the gut microbiota that accompany NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).In this review,we summarize the role of gut microbiota in the development of NAFLD,NASH,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).We highlight the mechanisms by which gut microbiota contribute to NAFLD/NASH,including through alterations in gut epithelial permeability,choline metabolism,endogenous alcohol production,release of inflammatory cytokines,regulation of hepatic Toll-like receptor(TLR),and bile acid *** addition,we analyze possible mechanisms for enhanced hepatic carcinogenesis,including alterations in bile acid metabolism,release of inflammatory cytokines,and expression of ***,we describe therapeutic approaches for NAFLD/NASH and preventive strategies for HCC involving modulation of the intestinal microbiota or affected host *** recent studies have provided useful information,large-scale prospective studies are required to better characterize the intestinal microbiota and metabolome,in order to demonstrate a causative role for changes in the gut microbiota in the etiology of NAFLD/NASH,to identify new therapeutic strategies for NAFLD/NASH,and to develop more effective methods of preventing HCC.

关键词： Gut microbiota Intestinal microbiome Metabolome Metagenome Fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)

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A new model describing Forbush Decreases at Mars: combining the heliospheric modulation and the atmospheric influence

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第1期4卷 62-72页

作者： Jingnan Guo Robert FWimmer-Schweingruber Mateja Dumbović bernd Heber YuMing Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Christian-Albrechts-UniversityKielDE 24118Germany Hvar Observatory Faculty of GeodesyUniversity of ZagrebCroatia

Forbush decreases are depressions in the galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) that are caused primarily by modulations of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) but also occasionally by stream/corotating interaction regions (SIRs/CIRs). Forbush decreases have been studied extensively using neutron monitors at Earth;recently, for the first time, they have been measured on the surface of another planet, Mars, by the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) on board the Mars Science Laboratory’s (MSL) rover Curiosity. The modulation of GCR particles by heliospheric transients in space is energy-dependent;afterwards, these particles interact with the Martian atmosphere, the interaction process depending on particle type and energy. In order to use ground-measured Forbush decreases to study the space weather environment near Mars, it is important to understand and quantify the energy-dependent modulation of the GCR particles by not only the pass-by heliospheric disturbances but also by the Martian atmosphere. Accordingly, this study presents a model that quantifies both at the Martian surface and in the interplanetary space near Mars the amplitudes of Forbush decreases at Mars during the pass-by of an ICME/SIR by combining the heliospheric modulation of GCRs with the atmospheric modification of such modulated GCR spectra. The modeled results are in good agreement with measurements of Forbush decreases caused by ICMEs/SIRs based on data collected by MSL on the surface of Mars and by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft in orbit. Our model and these findings support the validity of both the Forbush decrease description and Martian atmospheric transport models.

关键词： ICME and Forbush decreases space weather at Mars Mars:atmosphere GCR radiation

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Amalgams of Rank 2 in Characteristic 3 Involving L2 （5）

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1989年第3期5卷 263-270页

作者：黄建华马纪新 bernd Stellmacher Department of Mathematics Zhengzhou University Michigan State University USA

In this paper we treat a variation of the （B, N）-Pair Theorem. We investigate the amal-gam (S5, Chev （3）), whose structure is similar to that of a Weak （B, N）-Pair, and thus give a descrip-tion of the 3-local su... 详细信息

关键词： Amalgams of Rank 2 in Characteristic 3 Involving L2 Rank

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