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Migration of Paramagnetic Ions in Glass Melts Under Influence of a Magnetic Field

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S2期19卷 1068-1071页

作者： SCHADEWALD Uwe halbedel bernd Dep.of Inorganic-Nonmetallic Materials Ilmenau University of Technology

Magnetic forces are widely used to influence the properties of *** main focus of recent investigations concerning oxide melts mainly was on the use of Lorentz forces either to mix glass melts to avoid an improved inhomogeneity or to measure the flow of these *** the last years also the use of magnetic gradient forces has become an object of research mainly in *** the basis of preliminary investigations the influence of these forces on paramagnetic ions such as Fe;in oxide melts is investigated to examine the potential of magnetic gradient forces as a tool to create defined gradient materials.

关键词： magnetic gradient force glass crystallization paramagnetic ions

Assembling and Test of a Halbach Array Magnet System for Lorentz Forece Velocimetry in Electrolytes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 145-148页

作者： Werner Michael halbedel bernd Department of Inorganic-Nonmetallic Materials University of Technology IlmenauIlmenau 100565 98684Germany

The paper presents a Halbach array magnet system(HAMS)for the application within a very first Lorentz force velocimetry(LFV)experiment for electrolytic *** the design,assembling procedure and characterization method are presented under consideration of the strict limited weight of the *** increase the Lorentz force outcome by a factor of three compared to the currently used simple magnet *** the fluid profile influence on a LFV measurement on electrolytes is investigated numerically-directly on the planned test setup-and presented for the first *** the Lorentz forces,generated by the HAMS,decreases by 8%comparing an ideal plug-like profile at the inlet with a semi-parabolic profile arising near the outlet of the experiment.

关键词： Lorentz force velocimetry Halbach magnet array magnet assemblies magnet system design

Numerical Simulation of Induced Alterations of Flow Patterns Within Glass Melts using External Lorentz Forces

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 471-474页

作者： Ulrich Lüdtke Senan Soubeih bernd halbedel Department of Electrothermal Energy Conversion Ilmenau University of TechnologyIlmenau D-98693Germany Department of Inorganic-Nonmetallic Materials Ilmenau University of TechnologyIlmenau D-98693Germany

A common way to produce glass is to use melting tanks that work continually with several hundred tons per *** process of efficiently melting,refining,and homogenizing the glass melt is strongly dependent on the flow patterns within the melting *** order to improve the quality of glass products and the efficiency of the melting process,it is necessary to control the flow patterns and to optimize the temperature distribution within the melting *** Lorentz force to create additional flow components based on electric current density distributions and externally generated magnetic fields is an excellent method to obtain targeted and tailored flow *** order to evaluate this method,it is necessary to simulate the induced alterations of the melt *** numerical simulations require the coupling of the electromagnetic and flow field calculations including the energy equation because the electrical conductivity of the molten glass is strongly dependent on the *** idea is to include the calculation of the magnetic field completely into FLUENT using the so-called User Defined Scalars(UDS)and User Defined Functions(UDF).

关键词： glass melting coupled numerical calculation flow simulation electromagnetic simulation FLUENT

Electromagnetic Processing of Materials at the Department Inorganic-Nonmetallic Materials

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 135-140页

作者： halbedel bernd KRIEGER Uwe WERNER Michael TORRES Jose Oskar SCHADEWALD Uwe QUIROZ Pamela Ilmenau University of Technology P.O. 100565D-98684 IlmenauGermany Ilmenau Technische Glaswerke Ilmenau GmbH Am Vogelherd 7D-98684 IlmenauGermany

This paper illustrates an overview of current research activities in the working group 'Electromagnetic Processing of Materials' of the department Inorganic-Nonmetallic *** are 'Electromagnetic module to flow impact in special melting plants for the production of High-tech glasses', 'Numerical study of EM controlled flow in crystallizers of inorganic materials', 'Design,test and optimization of sophisticated magnet systems for Lorentz force velocimetry in electrially low conducting fluids', 'Magnetic ion manipulation in glass melts with Kelvin force', 'Electromechanical dry t'me milling of raw materials' and 'Synthesis,characterization and application of Titatium doped hexaferrites'.The primary results are presented here.

关键词： Lorentz force Kelvin force magnet system glass melt crystallization grinding synthesis hexaferrite

Lorentz Force Velocimetry for Poorly Conducting Fluids-Development and Validation of a Novel Flow Rate Measurement Device

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S2期19卷 613-616页

作者： WEGFRASS Andre RESAGK Christian DIETHOLD Christian FRHLICH Thomas WERNER Michael halbedel bernd THESS Andre Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Department of Mechanical EngineeringIlmenau University of Technology Institute of Process Measurement and Sensor Technology Department of Mechanical EngineeringIlmenau University of Technology Institute of Inorganic-nonmetallic Materials Department of Mechanical EngineeringIlmenau University of Technology

The paper demonstrated the feasibility of Lorentz Force Velocimetry for flow rate measurements of weakly conducting electrolytes using experimental results on salt water flow exposed to a permanent magnet *** innovative flow measurement technique allows the non-contact determination of flow rates and relies on the interaction between a magnetic field and a moving conducting *** an electrically conducting fluid moves through the magnetic field a Lorentz force is generated and acts on the measurement *** present report provides an overview about the experimental setups and the first measurement results.

关键词： Lorentz force velocimetry flow measurement electrolytes non-contact measurement

Improving Residence Time Distribution in Glass Melting Tanks Using Additionally Generated Lorentz Forces

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 203-210页

作者： Senan Soubeih Ulrich Luedtke Bemd halbedel Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Electrothermal Energy Conversion Group Technische University llmenau llmenau 98684 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Group of Inorganic-Nonmetallic Materials Technische University llmenau llmenau 98684 Germany

Continuous glass melting tanks represent thermo-chemical reactors with very complex flow patterns. Controlling the flow patterns within the glass melting tanks with the aim of improving their performance is one of the glass industry primary challenges. The tank performance is basically determined by the RTD （residence time distribution） of the glass melt, which directly impacts the glass quality and energy distribution. In the present work, numerical simulations are carried out on the electromagnetic flow control to investigate how well the flow can be controlled by externally generated electromagnetic （Lorenz） forces that are added to the glass melt. Furthermore, the melting tanks are equipped with supplementary electric heating systems called ＂electric boosters＂. The desired result would be an improved RTD. The electromagnetic flow control is called ＂electromagnetic boosting＂ and can be realized by exposing the glass bath to an external magnetic field generating Lorentz forces on the glass melt as an additional flow component. The numerical simulations of the present study require coupled calculations of electromagnetic field, flow field, and temperature field, because the material properties of glass melt are strongly temperature-dependent. The computational results show that electromagnetic boosting is an excellent way of improving the RTD in glass melting tanks, ultimately resulting in better glass quality and increased productivity. Of course, the glass industry is highly interested in achieving exactly this result.

关键词： Lorentz force RTD magnet system glass melt numerical simulation.