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Prevalence of Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus and Avian Polyomavirus in Captivity Psittacines from Costa Rica

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2013年第4期3卷 240-245页

作者： Gaby Dolz Jessica Sheleby-Elías Juan J.Romero-Zuniga Bernardo Vargas-Leiton Gustavo Gutiérrez-Espeleta Kenneth Madriz-Ordenana Laboratorio de Entomología y Medicina Poblacional Programa MEDPOBEscuela de Medicina VeterinariaUniversidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales Posgrado Regional en Ciencias Veterinarias TropicalesEscuela de Medicina VeterinariaUniversidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa RicaSan JoseCosta Rica Biotécnica Análisis Moleculares San JoseCosta Rica

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) and avian polyomavirus (APV) are the most common viral diseases in psittacine birds, both affecting feathers and physical appearance of birds. Between 2005 and 2009, a total of 269 samples were collected from birds presented at veterinary clinics, shelters and rescue centers of wildlife in Costa Rica. They belonged to 19 species of psittacine birds. The most representative species in the sample were Ara macao (157), Ara ambigua (37), Amazona autumnalis (24), Amazon ochrocephala (21) and Ara ararauna (8). A prevalence of 19.7% (53/269) for PBFDV and 4.8% (13/269) for APV was determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In 3.3% (9/269) of the birds mixed infections were detected. Statistical analysis determined that psittacines living in shelters and rescue centers had a greater risk to be positive to PBFDV and APV than birds that were presented at veterinary clinics, while only for PBFDV it was determined, that it is more likely to detect it in feathers than in blood. Finally, birds infected with PBFDV had 6.24 times more probability to become infected with APV, than non-infected birds. This is the first report of prevalence of PBFDV and APV in captive psittacines from Costa Rica.

关键词： Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Virus Avian Polyomavirus Psittacine Birds Costa Rica

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Perspectives of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Tampico, Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第12期5卷 1266-1276页

作者： René bernardo Elías Cabrera-Cruz María Esther Bautista-vargas Julio César Rolón-Aguilar Ricardo Tobías-Jaramillo Alberto José Gordillo-Martínez Division of Postgraduate Studies and Research Faculty of Engineering “Arturo Narro Siller” Autonomous University of Tamaulipas Tamaulipas Mexico Center for Chemical Research Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo Pachuca Mexico

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has brought negative effects to the environment produced by the materials that compose them. The proper implementation of management plans of WEEE should integrate measures to prevent, mitigate and correct these affectations. As an initial step, it is necessary to make a diagnosis of the current situation of WEEE management which is the objective of this work. The studied zone was composed by the municipalities of Tampico, Ciudad Madero and Altamira located in southeast Tamaulipas, Mexico. The descriptive analysis of technical and regulatory aspects of the current management system in the study area was developed, including generation rates and analysis of waste streams. Among the main results, the generation of WEEE was estimated in 2040.38 tons/year for 2013, distributed in the municipalities of Tampico with 830.93 tons/year, Altamira with 650.18 tons/year, and Ciudad Madero with 559.27 tons/year. This calculation was estimated using Mexico’s WEEE generation indicators. The analysis of waste streams includes five categories of WEEE, Televisions with 61% of the total generation, followed by sound devices with 18%, personal computers with 17%;mobile phones with 2% as well as fixed phones with 1%. In the study area, reports of Tampico’s municipality indicated that 96 tons of WEEE was collected in the city of Tampico in 2013. In México, the national legislation considers WEEE in the category of waste requiring special handling (WRSH), however, it exists an inadequacy in the environmental laws about the specific classification of this kind of debris that makes their effective management more difficult. No companies who provide a management or treatment operations for WEEE are reported in Tampico, or in the near region. In addition, despite an initial interest for the municipality to attend the WEEE problematic, it exists a lack of sensibility of the population in the absence of environmental education programs.

关键词： WEEE Management Tampico EIA

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Organized Fan Groups and Sports Journalism in Brazil： A Social History of Soccer Fans in the City of Rio de Janeiro

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History Research 2017年第1期7卷 46-58页

作者： bernardo Buarque de Hollanda Getulio vargas Foundation (FGV) - The Social Sciences School - Sao Paulo Brazil

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Dissolution Behavior of Gold in Alkaline Media Using Thiourea

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International Journal of Nonferrous Metallurgy 2019年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Cristian vargas Patricio Navarro Daniel Espinoza Jorge Manríquez Erica Mejía Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica Universidad de Santiago de Chile Avda Libertador Bernardo O′Higgins Santiago Chile Grupo de Investigación GIIAM Facultad de Ingeniería Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo Medellín Colombia

In this work the dissolutive behavior of gold in alkaline medium using thiourea (TU), under different variables, was studied in a theoretical and experimental way, in order to determine the conditions under which it is feasible to dissolve gold in thiourea-alkaline medium. A thermodynamic study was conducted by chemical speciation using the method of Ro-jas-Hernández, together with an electrochemical study where the electric potential was swept in the anodic direction. The main results of the thermodynamic study were that formamidine disulfide (FDS) and sulfinic compounds (S.C.) prevail at alkaline pH;by increasing the initial concen-tration of thiourea at alkaline pH, the presence of the gold complex is al-most zero for any initial concentration of thiourea. By including sodium sulfite in the gold-thiourea system, it was possible to obtain the Au(I)-TU complex at alkaline pH, with a presence of 95.13%. Electrochemical tests allowed verifying that in the absence of sodium sulfite the dissolution of gold in an alkaline medium is very slow but adding sodium sulfite im-provements become evident in the dissolution of the metal. Therefore, sodium sulfite catalyzes the gold dissolution process and stabilizes the thiourea. With this study it was possible to establish the feasibility of using thiourea in an alkaline medium for the dissolution of gold, and the conditions under which it is possible to dissolve the gold in that medium. With these fundamentals and conditions, it is now possible to move forward to test this system for minerals and/or concentrates containing gold.

关键词： Gold Alkaline Thiourea Dissolution Behavior Sodium Sulfite

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Clinical relevance of the use of Dentoxol® for oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy: A phase II clinical trial

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2022年第10期13卷 813-821页

作者： Sebastián Solé Sergio Becerra Claudia Carvajal Piero Bettolli Hernán Letelier Alejandro Santini Lorena vargas Alexander Cifuentes Francisco Larsen Natalia Jara Jorge Oyarzún Eva Bustamante Benjamín Martínez David Rosenberg Tomas Galván Department of Radiotherapy Radiomedicine InstituteAmérico Vespucio Norte 1314 Vitacura7630370SantiagoChile National Institute of Cancer SantiagoServicio de Salud Metropolitano NorteAv Profesor Zañartu 1010Independencia8380455SantiagoChile Oncologic Institute Arturo López Pérez Foundation JoséManuel Infante 805Providencia7500691SantiagoChile Hospital Base Valdivia Bueras 1003 s/n XIV Región5100238ValdiviaChile Oncologic Center of Antofagasta Los Pumas 10255Antofagasta1267348AntofagastaChile Universidad Mayor SantiagoAv Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 20138340585SantiagoChile Ingalfarma Dr Manuel Barros Borgoño 71Oficina 1308Providencia7500593SantiagoChile

BACKGROUND Severe oral mucositis associated with cancer therapy is a frequent complication that may affect a patient's systemic condition,resulting in interruption and/or prolongation of cancer therapy.Dentoxol®is a medical solution in the form of a mouthwash that has been shown to result in statistically significant improvement in the prevention of severe oral mucositis.However,knowing the measures of the clinical significance of this therapy is important for accurate decision-making.To describe the clinical impact of Dentoxol®use in severe oral mucositis.METHODS Clinical significance was measured using the results obtained in a randomized controlled clinical trial previously conducted by the same group of researchers.The measures of clinical significance evaluated were the absolute risk or incidence,relative risk,absolute risk reduction,relative risk reduction,number needed to treat,and odds ratio.RESULTS The data obtained show that the impact of Dentoxol®on reducing the severity of oral mucositis has important clinical relevance.CONCLUSION The results of this study justify the incorporation of Dentoxol®mouth rinse into clinical protocols as a complement to cancer therapy to prevent and/or treat oral mucositis secondary to radiotherapy.

关键词： Clinical trial Dentoxol Oral mucositis Prevention Radiotherapy Treatment

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