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Watershed management,groundwater recharge and drought resilience:An integrated approach to adapt to rainfall variability in northern Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 663-683页

作者： Kifle Woldearegay berhane grum Rudi Hessel Frank van Steenbergen Luuk Fleskens Eyasu Yazew Lulseged Tamene Kindu Mekonnen Teklay Reda Mulu Haftu School of Earth Science Mekelle UniversityP.O.Box 231MekelleEthiopia School of Civil Engineering Mekelle Institute of Technology-MekelleMekelle UniversityP.O.Box 3185MekelleEthiopia Soil Water and Land Use TeamWageningen Environmental ResearchP.O.Box 476700 AAWageningenThe Netherlands MetaMeta Research Postelstraat 25211EA's-HertogenboschThe Netherlands Soil Physics and Land Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 476700 AAWageningenThe Netherlands Department of Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle UniversityP.O.Box231MekelleEthiopia International Centre for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) Addis AbabaEthiopia Wukro Saint Mary College WukroTigrayEthiopia

Rainfall variability coupled with poor land and water management is contributing to food insecurity in many sub-Saharan African countries such as *** address such challenges,various efforts have been implemented in *** objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term impacts of different soil and water conservation and water harvesting interventions on groundwater and drought resilience of the Gule watershed,northern *** study involved:(i)documentation of the ap-proaches followed and the technologies implemented in Gule since the 1990s,(ii)monitoring the hy-drological effects of the interventions for ten years,and(iii)evaluation of the effects of the interventions on groundwater(level and quality),spring discharge and suspended sediment concentration(SSC)in *** showed that interventions were implemented at different stages and *** a result of the interventions,the watershed was transformed into a landscape resilient to rainfall variability:(a)dry shallow groundwater wells have become productive and the level of water in wells has raised,(b)the groundwater quality has improved,(c)SSC in high floods has reduced by up to 65%,(d)discharge of existing springs has increased by up to 73%and new springs have started to *** to improved water availability,irrigated land has increased from less than 3.5 ha before 2002 to 166 ha in *** have remained water-secure during an extreme drought in 2015/*** of watershed management practices has transformed the landscape to be resilient to rainfall variability in a semi-arid environment:a lesson for adaptation to climate variability and change in similar environments.

关键词： Climate change Green and blue water Landscape restoration Water harvesting

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