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Increased CO2 Levels during the f.rst Half.of.Incubation at High Altitude Modif.es Embryonic Development of.f.rtile Leghorn Breeder Eggs

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f.od and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 524-547页

作者： Marco A. Juárez-Estrada Erik I. López-ruiz Sonia López-Cordova Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Omar f. Prado-rebolledo Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Department of.Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA f.cultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad de Colima Tecomn Mxico

The exchange of.oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) within an incubator has a signif.cant impact on embryonic development (ED) and hatching processes. This study examines the inf.uence of.non-ventilation (NV) conditions during the f.rst ten days of.incubation at high altitudes on Leghorn hens hatching eggs. f.ve hundred f.ur hatching eggs were equally divided into three treatment groups and placed in twelve incubators (r = 4). The f.rst group was subjected to standard ventilated conditions (V) during the setting phase. The ventilation inlet holes of.the remaining incubators in the NV treatments were closed with either micropore (M) or polypropylene (P) tape, ref.rred to as NVM and NVP groups, respectively. These two dif.erent airtight settings were intended to allow f.r a gradual rise in CO2 naturally generated by the embryos. results indicate that carbon dioxide concentration gradually increased during the f.rst half.of.incubation, reaching 1.42% in the NVM group and 1.20% in the NVP group, while the V condition group remained at 0.15%. f.om 10 days of.incubation onwards, normal V conditions were restored in all incubators. The highest hatchability of.f.rtile eggs (Hf.) was shown by the NVP group (55.7%), f.llowed by the V (52.6%) and NVM (38.6%) groups. The NVP group showed a greater yolk-f.ee body mass (Yf.M) f.om 10 days of.incubation until the hatch basket transf.r. NV conditions during the f.rst 10 days of.incubation at high altitude produced higher Yf.M with gradually decreasing yolk sac mass. In comparison to the NVM and V conditions, the particular NVP condition showed a benef.cial impact on the quality of.hatched chicks. Sustaining NVP condition (1.2% of.CO2) throughout the f.rst half.of.incubation at high altitude generated the optimal environment in the incubator ensuring the best hatchability results. This study highlights how important it is f.r hatchery managers to recognize the inf.uence of.low O2 and high levels of.CO2 on the development trajectori

关键词： Non-Ventilation Hypercapnia Hypoxia Egg Mass Loss Hatchability Embryonic Mortality Hatchling Chick Quality

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The global stability and optimal control of.the COVID-19 epidemic model

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International Journal of.Biomathematics 2024年第1期17卷 1-28页

作者： f.ngsheng Chien Hassan Saberi Nik Mohammad Shiraziant J.f.Gomez-Aguilar School of.f.nance and Accounting f.zhou University of.International Studies and Trade f.zhou 352020 P.R.China f.culty of.Business City university of Macao Macao 999078P.R.China Department of.Mathematics and Statistics University of.Neyshabur NeyshaburIran CONACyT-Tecnologico Nacional de Mécico/CENIDET Interior Internado Palmira S/N Col.Palmira C.P.62490CuernavacaMorelosMérico

This paper considers stability analysis of.a Susceptible-Exposed-Inf.cted-recovered-Virus(SEIrV)model with nonlinear incidence rates and indicates the severity and weakness of.control f.ctors f.r disease *** Lyapunov f.nction using Volterra-Lyapunov matrices makes it possible to study the global stability of.the endemic equilibrium *** optimal control strategy is proposed to prevent the spread of.coronavirus,in addition to governmental *** objective is to minimize together with the quantity of.inf.cted and exposed individuals while minimizing the total costs of.treatment.A numerical study of.the model is also carried out to investigate the analytical results.

关键词： Global stability SEIrV epidemic model dynamical systems Volterra-Lyapunov stability optimal control

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Doubled haploid technology and synthetic apomixis:recent advances and applications in f.ture crop breeding

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1005-1018页

作者： Yanzhi Qu Alisdair r.f.rnie Jie Liu Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of.Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China Department of.Molecular Physiology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Center of.Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria azhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China

Doubled haploid(DH)technology and synthetic apomixis approaches can considerably shorten breeding cycles and enhance breeding *** with traditional breeding methods,DH technology of.ers the advantage of.rapidly generating inbred lines,while synthetic apomixis can ef.ectively f.x hybrid *** this review,we f.cus on(i)recent advances in identif.ing and characterizing genes responsible f.r haploid induction(Hl),(ii)the molecular mechanisms of.Hl,(ili)spontaneous haploid genome doubling,and(iv)crop synthetic *** also discuss the challenges and potential solutions f.r f.ture crop breeding programs utilizing DH technology and synthetic ***,we provide our perspectives about how to integrate DH and synthetic apomixis f.r precision breeding and de novo domestication.

关键词： maize doubled haploid technology haploid induction synthetic apomixis precision breeding

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Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition f.llowing acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of.Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-Min Kim Joo-Sung Kim Alan r.Needle Department of.Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of.Health and Human Perf.rmance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of.Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of.rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AMI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AMI is typically *** AMI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of.this ***:AMI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of.injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hof.mann ref.ex(H-ref.ex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identif. the _(max)imal H-ref.ex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(M_(max))f.om the soleus,f.bularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/M_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self.reported ***:No signif.cant group-by-limb interactions were observed f.r any ***,a signif.cant group main ef.ect was observed in the soleus muscle(f.1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating signif.cantly lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios f.llowing ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).f.rthermore,lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios in the soleus signif.cantly correlated with acute symptoms and self.reported f.nction but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of.AMI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of.musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AMI in a standing position f.llowing acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AMI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and of.set the f.rmation of.joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hof.mann ref.ex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

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An evolutionary perspective on conf.ict and compensation in physiological and f.nctional traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 755-767页

作者： Jerry f. HUSAK Simon r LAILVAUX Department of.Biology University of St. Thomas 2115 Summit Avenue St Paul MN 55105 USA Department of.Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans LA 70148 USA

Physiological and f.nctional traits, especially those related to behavior and whole-organism perf.rmance capacities, are subject to a variety of.both parallel and opposing natural and sexual selection pressures. These selection pressures show considerable interspecif.c variation, shaping contemporary behavioral and f.nctional diversity, but the f.rm and intensity of.selection on physiological and f.nctional traits can also vary intraspecif.cally. The same suites of.traits can experience quite dif.erent se- lection pressures, depending on the sex or age of.a given individual, as well as the presence and nature of.alternative reproductive strategies and tactics. These inter- and intra-locus genetic conf.icts have potentially important consequences f.r the evolutionary trajectories of.traits subject to them. Consequently, any intraspecif.c conf.icts which could displace traits f.om their selective op- tima in certain classes of.individuals relative to others are expected to result in selection f.r mechanisms to compensate f.r devia- tion f.om those optima. Such conf.icts include interlocus sexual conf.ict, intralocus sexual conf.ict, and interacting phenotypes, as well as conf.ict within a sex. In this paper, we consider the evidence f.r, and implications of. such conf.icts f.r physiological and f.nctional traits in diverse taxa, including both vertebrates and invertebrates, and evaluate the various mechanisms, ranging f.om behavioral and mechanical to energetic and genetic, enabling compensation. We also discuss how pre- and post-mating conf.icts, as well as interacting phenotypes, might af.ect the evolution of.behavior and physiological and f.nctional traits. Investigators that seek to understand the links among behavior, morphology, physiology, and f.nction should consider such conf.icts.

关键词： Sexual Conf.ict Compensation Sexual Selection Whole-organism Perf.rmance

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Methionine sources and genotype af.ect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi f.ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of.Animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of.Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary f.culty of.Agriculture and f.od Sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes f.r Agricultural research and Educational f.rm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of.Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of.Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and f.rst limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a signif.cant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the ef.ect of.in ovo injection of.DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of.the two genotypes,TETrA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into f.ur treatments f.r each *** treatment groups include the f.llowing:1)control non-injected eggs(NoIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of.embryonic development;af.er hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrif.ced,and the jejunum was extracted f.r *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(Pred to the *** DLM group had signif.cantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transf.rase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLN)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(Prexpressed insulin-like growth f.ctor 1(IGf.)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(Pf.ndings showed that in ovo injection of.Met enhanced intestinal development,and f.nction,with genotypes responding dif.erently under normal *** also inf.uenced the expression of.intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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Numerical Investigation of.Tip Clearance Ef.ects in an Axial Transonic Compressor

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Journal of.Thermal Science 2012年第2期21卷 109-119页

作者： r. Ciorciari A. Lesser f. Blaim r. Niehuis Institute f.r Jet Propulsion University of Federal Armed Forces Munich Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 D-85577 Neubiberg

Numerical investigations of.the Darmstadt transonic single stage compressor (DTC), in the rotor1-Stator1 conf.guration, aimed at advancing the understanding of.the ef.ect of.dif.erent rotor tip gaps and transition modelling on the blade surf.ces are presented. Steady three dimensional reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (rANS) simulations were perf.rmed to obtain the f.ow f.elds f.r the dif.erent conf.gurations at dif.erent operating conditions using the rANS-Solver TrACE. The stage geometry and the multi-block structured grid were generated by G3DMESH and a grid sensitivity analysis was conducted. f.r the clearance gap region, a f.lly gridded special H-grid was chosen. Comparisons were made between the f.ow characteristic at design speed, representative f.r a transonic f.ow regime, and at 65% speed, representative f.r a subsonic f.ow regime. The computations were used to analyse the f.ow phenomena through the tip clearance region f.r the dif.erent conf.gurations and their impact on the perf.rmance of.the compressor stage.

关键词： f.ow in axial compressor surge and stall tip clearance f.ow multimode transition model.

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Considerations f.r the use of.porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 283-296页

作者： f.azer I.Heinis Shaheed Merani Nicholas W.Markin Kim f.Duncan Michael J.Moulton Lance f.istoe William E.Thorell raechel A.Sherrick Tami r.Wells Matthew T.Andrews Marian Urban School of.Natural resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Division of.Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of.Anesthesiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Division of.Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Clinical Perf.sion Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of.Neurosurgery University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of.Comparative Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Use of.animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of.human allograf.s f.r clinical *** models of.organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of.solid organ recovery and f.cilitate research of.ischemia-reperf.sion injury,organ preservation strategies,and f.ture donor-based *** considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of.animal research,translational value,and relevance of.the animal model f.r clinical *** present an overview of.two porcine models of.organ donation:donation f.llowing brain death(DBD)and donation f.llowing circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of.pigs closely resembles those of.humans,making this species the most appropriate f.r pre-clinical *** are also considered a potential source of.organs f.r human heart and kidney *** is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically *** present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of.each model.

关键词： animal model brain death circulatory death organ transplantation

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Thermoluminescence characterization of.natural and synthetic irradiated Ce-monazites

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Journal of.rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： V.Correcher C.Boronat J.Garcia-Guinea J.f.Benavente T.rivera-Montalvo CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermoluminescence(TL)emission of.synthetic and natural Ce-monazites was characterized here to determine the potential application in the identif.cation of.microscopic def.cts f.om a qualitative point of.view trying to link each TL peak to a chemical-physical *** kinetic parameters that lead the luminescence processes were calculated by means of.variable heating rate and computing glow curve deconvolution methods and allow identif.ing three groups of.components at~90,130 and 290℃(f.r the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(f.r the synthetic CePO_(4):nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main dif.erences appreciated in these complex TL curves are mainly due to(i)the content of.impurities(natural sample contains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree of.crystallinity of.the samples which is directly related to the type of.impurities(synthetic monazite relies only on nd and La).The behavior of.the dose response in the range of.1-8 Gy is similar f.r both samples;the TL intensity increases linearly as the dose increases without changes in the position of.the maxima,denoting f.rst-order kinetic luminescence *** peak could be mostly associated with structural def.cts(i.e.,phase transitions),chemical reactions(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+redox reaction,dehydration or dehydroxylation processes)or intrinsic def.cts(i.e.,f.enkel def.cts,ODCs or NBOHCs).

关键词： Thermoluminescence Kineticparameters Phosphate Ce-monazite Def.cts rare earths

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f.ailty in People Living with Human Immunodef.ciency Virus Aged 50 Years and Older: Prevalence and Predictors

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World Journal of.AIDS 2024年第1期14卷 18-34页

作者： Alassane ndiaye ndèye f.tou Ngom Kiné ndiaye Assiétou Gaye Elhadji Bara Diop Ahmadou Mboup Houlèye Saou Bessoume Sy Ababacar Niang Betty f.ll Mame Awa f.ye Outpatient Treatment Clinic (CTA) Dakar Senegal Medicine Department of.Health and Sustainable Development/research and Training Unit (Uf.SDD) Alioune Diop University of Bambey Diourbel Senegal Health and Development Institute (ISED) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Geriatrics and Gerontology Department Fann National Teaching Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Lif. expectancy improvement f.r people living with Human Immunodef.ciency Virus (HIV) is coming up against the problems associated with aging and chronic diseases. f.ailty is a concern af.ecting a growing number of.patients, particularly the elderly in this population. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of.f.ailty and its predictors on people living with HIV aged 50 years and older f.llowed at the Outpatient Treatment Clinic (CTA) in Dakar. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study of.descriptive and analytic purposes ranging f.om November 2022 to August 2023, in CTA, Dakar (Senegal). We included people living with HIV aged 50 years and older under antiretroviral therapy f.r at least 6 months (≥6 months). f.ailty was considered according to f.ied criteria with a score ≥3. To identif. the predictors of.f.ailty, we perf.rmed a multivariate logistic regression analysis using STATA sof.ware version 18. results: We included 199 patients. The median age at the moment of.the study was 58 years old [50 - 91] with a sex ratio (M/f. of.0.58. The most representative age group was that of.[50 - 59] years (59.3%). HIV-1 prof.le was most common in 89.45%. The median duration under antiretroviral therapy was 180 months [6 - 284] and 94% of.patients received a Tenof.vir Disoproxil f.marate (TDf.-containing regimen with 43% of.them f.r at least 10 years. Viral load was undetectable (≤40 copies/ml) in 98% of.cases. WHO Stage III was more common at inclusion and 55.78% had nadir TCD4+ Lymphocyte counts Conclusion: Our study conf.rms the high prevalence of.f.ailty among older people living with HIV. Its prevention should consider the management of.comorbidities and the implementation of.non-pharmacological interventions such as nutrition.

关键词： f.ailty HIV Senior Dakar

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