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Coordinated regulation of plant immunity by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and k63-linked ubiquitination

Molecular Plant 2021年第12期14卷 2088-2103页

作者： Dongsheng Yao Marcus A.Arguez Ping He Andrew F.bent Junqi Song Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas Texas A&M University SystemDallasTX 75252USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Plant Pathology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation(PARylation)is a posttranslational modification reversibly catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolases(PARGs)and plays a key role in multi-ple cellular *** molecular mechanisms by which PARylation regulates innate immunity remain largely unknown in *** we show that Arabidopsis UBC13A and UBC13B,the major drivers of lysine 63(k63)-linked polyubiquitination,directly interact with PARPs/*** of pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity promotes these interactions and enhances PARylation of *** parp1 parp2 and ubc13a ubc13b mutants are compromised in immune responses with increased accumulation of total pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins but decreased accu-mulation of secreted PR *** disulfide-isomerases(PDIs),essential components of endo-plasmic reticulum quality control(ERQC)that ensure proper folding and maturation of proteins destined for secretion,complex with PARPs/PARGs and are PARylated upon PAMP ***,PARylation of UBC13 regulates k63-linked ubiquitination of PDIs,which may further promote their disulfide isomerase activities for correct protein folding and subsequent *** together,these results indicate that plant immunity is coordinately regulated by PARylation and k63-linked ubiquitination.

关键词： UBC13 PARP1 PARP2 PDI poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation k63-linked ubiquitination secretory pathway PAMP-triggered immunity systemic acquired resistance

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Effects of land use on the fungal spore richness in small crater-lake basins of western Uganda

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 125-142页

作者： Vanessa Gelorini Annemieke Verbeken Luc Lens Hilde Eggermont bent Vad Odgaard Dirk Verschuren Limnology Unit Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Research Group Mycology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Freshwater BiologyVautierstraat 291000 BrusselsBelgium Department of Geosciences University of AarhusHoegh Guldbergsgade 2DK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark Research Unit Palaeontology Department of Geology and Soil SciencesGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281/S89000 GhentBelgium

Mycological tools to estimate the effects of diverse land-use practices on fungal diversity are scarce,because of poor knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of tropical fungi and their response to anthropogenic habitat ***,we investigate assemblages of fungal spores,recently deposited in the bottom sediments of 24 small crater lakes in western Uganda,to assess the relationship between the local richness of fungi and environmental variation in the crater basin along regional gradients of natural vegetation and land *** recovered~9500 fungal spore specimens,which could be attributed to 216 *** an information-theoretic approach based on the corrected Akaike Information Criterion(AICc),we determined the environmental factors which best explained variation in the diversity of fungal spores among three datasets:(i)the full set of 24 crater basins,(ii)the subset of 22 basins with freshwater lakes,and(iii)the subset of 17 basins partly or completely in agricultural use(cropland,fallow land,pasture and plantation).In these 17 human-impacted crater basins our results revealed a negative relationship between fungal spore richness and the areal fraction of basins in agricultural ***,this detrimental effect of land use on fungal spore richness was not apparent across the full set of both disturbed and(presently)undisturbed *** was due to large variation in fungal spore richness among the undisturbed basins covered either with forest or savannah vegetation,probably resulting from site-specific controls on fungal habitat diversity,such as climatic moisture balance and the composition of natural and/or secondary *** land-use effects on fungal spore diversity,as documented in this study,suggest that communities of tropical fungi progressively exposed to land-use practices are threatened by species ***,our study demonstrates the need to develop conservation strategies mitigating the impacts of agriculture on the biodiversity o

关键词： Fungal spores Richness Land use Lake basins Western Uganda

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Memories of Donald ***:Mentor and seismologist extraordinaire

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Earthquake Science 2022年第1期35卷 19-21页

作者： Allison bent Natural Resources Canada 7 Observatory Cres. OttawaOntario K1A 0Y3Canada

I grew up in one of the most aseismic regions of the planet but decided as a child that I wanted to be a *** all the naysayers who claimed that no one really did that for a living and who told me I should choose something sensible like neurosurgery or engineering,I showed up at the Caltech Seismo Lab in the summer of 1985.I arrived equipped with the right skills but,as I quickly learned,no real knowledge of the breadth of seis-mological *** day one I made the usual rounds of the faculty and soon thereafter began working on a project relocating earthquakes of a swarm in the Coso region.

关键词： planet something equipped

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Comparing the size selectivity of a novel T90 mesh codend to two conventional codends in the northern shrimp(Pandalus borealis)trawl fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 382-392页

作者： Haraldur Arnar Einarsson Zhaohai Cheng Shannon M.Bayse bent Herrmann Paul DWinger Marine and Freshwater Research Institute Skúlagata 4101ReykjavíkIceland Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Resources Fisheries and Marine InstituteMemorial UniversityP.O.Box 4920St.John’sNLA1C 5R3Canada SINTEF Ocean Fishing Gear TechnologyWillemoesvej 29850HirtshalsDenmark University of Tromsø BreivikaN-9037TromsøNorway

The size selectivity and usability of three codends were quantified and compared for the first time in the inshore Northern shrimp(Pandalus borealis)trawl fishery of Iceland using the covered codend method:a conventional diamond-mesh codend(T0),conventional square-mesh codend(T45),and a 90◦turned mesh codend(T90)constructed of four panels and with shortened lastridge ***,wanting to increase the average-individual size of captured shrimp,had requested the T90 codend to be compared with conventional codends for consideration in the *** showed that,on average,the T45 and T90 codends had better size selectivity than the T0 codend in terms of releasing individuals smaller than 13 mm carapace length(Minimum References Size;MRS).The T90 codend retained significantly less Northern shrimps between 9 and 19 mm than the T0 codend and between 15 and 19 mm than the T45 *** significant difference of size selectivity between T45 and T0 codends was *** three codends presented high retention ratios of Northern shrimps above MRS(>63%)for the population ***,the T0 codend was not effective at sorting out small Northern shrimps;at least 86%of Northern shrimps smaller than 13 mm were retained in the T0 codend if *** from T45 and T90 codends had a lower proportion of shrimp below *** discarding of undersized Northern shrimps is prohibited in Iceland and fishers wanted to catch on average larger shrimp,using the novel T90 codend would enable fishers to use their quotas more efficiently.

关键词： Size selectivity Codend usability Pandalus borealis Diamond-mesh T45 T90 Iceland Lastridge rope

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白粉病的化学防治

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农药译丛 1982年第4期 31-37页

作者： k.J.bent 程放

一、引言白粉病可使作物造成严重的经济损失,表现为直接减产、长期地抑制植物生长和造成变形、果实的损伤或观赏植物的畸变。十九世纪初将硫磺粉用于果树和葡萄,是防治白粉病的第一次重大尝试。此后,用于防治白粉病的杀菌剂品种和数量... 详细信息

一、引言白粉病可使作物造成严重的经济损失,表现为直接减产、长期地抑制植物生长和造成变形、果实的损伤或观赏植物的畸变。十九世纪初将硫磺粉用于果树和葡萄,是防治白粉病的第一次重大尝试。此后,用于防治白粉病的杀菌剂品种和数量逐渐增加,处理的作物范围不断扩大。现在,主要用于防治白粉病的杀菌剂约有20个品种,其销售额年达1.2亿英镑(世界杀菌剂总销售额约为6.5亿英镑);绝大多数用于大麦、苹果和葡萄。按农业防治费用计算,硫黄尚占这类杀菌剂的25～30%。

关键词：白粉病苹果黑星病锈病药剂真菌叶斑病防治效果蛇眼病系统性杀菌剂内吸杀菌剂白粉菌化学防治

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Isotope Dating of the Potash and Rock Salt Deposit at Bamnet Narong, NE-Thailand

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第8期6卷 875-894页

作者： bent T. Hansen klaus Wemmer Monique Eckhardt Prinya Putthapiban San Assavapatchara Geoscience Center Gottingen University of Gottingen Gottingen Germany Geoscience Programme Kanchanaburi Campus Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Thailand Department of Mineral Resources Bureau of Geological Survey Bangkok Thailand

Bamnet Narong is located in northeastern Thailand (Chaiyaphum Province). It is the largest salt mine in the country and has been mined for decades. The landscape in this part of Thailand is characterised by a low plateau, which is called the khorat Plateau. The plateau is divided into two basins by the Phu Phan Range, the Sakhon Nakhon Basin in the north and the khorat Basin in the south. The analysed potashes and rock salts are deposited in the Maha Sarakham Formation, which represents the salt-bearing strata of the khorat Basin. The stratigraphic age of this deposit has been debated since the late 1960’s. The assigned ages range from Mid-Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous and up to the Eocene. In this study different isotopic dating systems (Rb-Sr, Sr-Sr, k-Ar and k-Ca) were applied. The stratigraphic age for the time of deposition was confirmed to be Mid Cretaceous (Cenomanian). Furthermore, the homogeneity of the carnallites was investigated in order to trace a possible redistribution of rubidium.

关键词： Isotope Dating Salt Deposits Mid-Cretaceous Asian Potash Mine Thailand

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High affinity soluble ILT2 receptor:a potent inhibitor of CD8^(+)T cell activation

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Protein & Cell 2010年第12期1卷 1118-1127页

作者： Ruth k.Moysey Yi Li Samantha J.Paston Emma E.Baston Malkit S.Sami Brian J.Cameron Jessie Gavarret Penio Todorov Annelise Vuidepot Steven M.Dunn Nicholas J.Pumphrey katherine J.Adams Fang Yuan Rebecca E.Dennis Deborah H.Sutton Andy D.Johnson Joanna E.Brewer Rebecca Ashfield Nikolai M.Lissin bent k.jak.bsen Immunocore Limited 57c Milton ParkAbingdonOxonOX144RXUK Current address:Oxford Nanopore Technologies UK Current address:Geneva Merck Serono S.A. Switzerland Current address:Adaptimmune Limited UK

Using directed mutagenesis and phage display on a soluble fragment of the human immunoglobulin superfamily receptor ILT2(synonyms:LIR1,MIR7,CD85j),we have selected a range of mutants with binding affinities enhanced by up to 168,000-fold towards the conserved region of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class I *** in a dimeric form,either by chemical cross-linking with bivalent polyethylene glycol(PEG)derivatives or as a genetic fusion with human IgG Fc-fragment,the mutants exhibited a further increase in ligand-binding strength due to the avidity effect,with resident half-times(t1/2)on the surface of MHC I-positive cells of many *** novel compounds antagonized the interaction of CD8 co-receptor with MHC I in vitro without affecting the peptide-specific binding of T-cell receptors(TCRs).In both cytokine-release assays and cell-killing experiments the engineered receptors inhibited the activation of CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)in the presence of their target cells,with subnanomolar potency and in a dose-dependent *** a selective inhibitor of CD8^(+)CTL responses,the engineered high affinity ILT2 receptor presents a new tool for studying the activation mechanism of different subsets of CTLs and could have potential for the development of novel autoimmunity therapies.

关键词： CD8^(+)T cells cellular activation autoimmunity cell surface molecules binding affinity phage display

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Bonding and Reactivity in RB-AsR Systems (R = H, F, OH, CH3, CMe3, CF3, SiF3, BO)： Substituent Effects

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物理化学学报 2018年第2期34卷 201-207页

作者： GHARA Manas CHATTARAJ Pratim k. Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Studies Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India

Density functional theory-based calculations have been carried out to study the bonding and reactivity in RB-As R(R=H,F,OH,CH3,CMe_3,CF_3,SiF_3,BO)*** calculations demonstrated that all the studied systems adopted bent geometry(DR-B-As≈180°andDB-As-R≈90°or less).The reason for this bending was explained with the help of a valence-orbital *** potential energy surfaces for three possible isomers of RB-As R systems were also generated,indicating that the RB-As R isomer was more stable than R_2B-As R when R=SiF_3,CMe_3,and *** B-As bond character was analyzed using natural bond orbital(NBO)and Wiberg bond index(WBI)*** WBI values for B-As bonds in F3Si B-As SiF_3 and HB-As H were 2.254 and 2.209,respectively,indicating that this bond has some triple-bond character in these *** the B centers prefer nucleophilic attack,the As centers prefer electrophilic attack.

关键词：密度泛函理论自然键轨道化学分析 ASR系统

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The unique ORF8 protein from SARS-CoV-2 binds to human dendritic cells and induces a hyper-inflammatory cytokine storm

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第10期15卷 39-53页

作者： Matthias Hamdorf Thomas Imhof Ben Bailey-Elkin Janina Betz Sebastian JTheobald Alexander Simonis Veronica Di Cristanziano Lutz Gieselmann Felix Dewald Clara Lehmann Max Augustin Florian klein Miguel AAlejandre Alcazar Robert Rongisch Mario Fabri Jan Rybniker Heike Goebel Jörg Stetefeld bent Brachvogel Claus Cursiefen Manuel koch Felix Bock Cornea Lab Experimental Ophthalmology Department of OphthalmologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50937 CologneGermany Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los AngelesCA 90024USA Center for Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50931 CologneGermany Institute for Experimental Dentistry and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50931 CologneGermany Department of Microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipeg MB R3B 2E9 ManitobaCanada Department I of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50937 CologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne University of Cologne50931 CologneGermany Institute of Virology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50935 CologneGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-Cologne50931 CologneGermany Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50931 CologneGermany Cologne Excellence Cluster Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases 50931 CologneGermany Institute for Lung Health(ILH) Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung CentreMember of the German Center for Lung Research35392 GießenGermany Dermatology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50937 CologneGermany Institute of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50937 CologneGermany Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Experimental NeonatologyFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne50931 CologneGermany

The novel coronavirus pandemic,first reported in December 2019,was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a strong immune response and activation of antigen-presenting cells,which can elicit acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)characterized by the rapid onset of widespread inflammation,the so-called cytokine *** response to viral infections,monocytes are recruited into the lung and subsequently differentiate into dendritic cells(DCs).DCs are critical players in the development of acute lung inflammation that causes ***,we focus on the interaction of a specific SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame protein,ORF8,with *** show that ORF8 binds to DCs,causes pre-maturation of differentiating DCs,and induces the secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines by these *** addition,we identified DC-SIGN as a possible interaction partner of ORF8 on *** of ORF8 leads to reduced production of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-12p70,TNF-α,MCP-1(also named CCL2),and IL-10 by ***,a neutralizing antibody blocking the ORF8-mediated cytokine and chemokine response could be an improved therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 cytokine storm dendritic cells

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Charged particle propagation through nanostructures and associated radiation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2004年第2期15卷 65-85页

作者： N.k. ZHEVAGO V. I. GLEBOV Institute of High Technology in Experimental Machinery Russian Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute" Moscow 123182 RussiaInstitute of High Technology in Experimental MachineryRussian Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute" Moscow 123182 Russia

In this report, using computer simulations, we investigate the channeling of high-energy charged parti- cles in nanotube ropes and fullerites and estimate the capability of bent nanocrystals to deflect a particle beam. We also discuss electromagnetic radiation arising both from the non-uniform motion of the particles in the electrostatic potential of aligned atoms and from the transient polarization of the medium caused by the particles.

关键词：纳米结构带电粒子传播方式计算机仿真电磁辐射瞬时偏振固体物理学沟道效应

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