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Neurocognitive Profile of People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Treatment in Kinshasa in the Dolutegravir Era, Democratic Republic of Congo

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 1-22页

作者： Candide About Kabamba Berry Ikolango Bongenya Jocelyn Ewuti Nonga Lambert Omombo Losenga Noëlla Maketi Dikati Thérèse Kasaka Ntumba Grace Ipaya Booto Rosalie Djamba Dembo Stéphanie Mauwa Selenge benoit obel kabengele Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko Marie-Thérèse Ayane Safi Sombo Erick Ntambwe Kamangu Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Molecular Biochemistry Department Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Antiretroviral therapies improve the prognosis of NeuroAIDS contrasting with a high frequency of Minor Neurocognitive Disorders (MND) even in aviremic subjects. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the neurological and cognitive profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) initiating antiretroviral treatment in Kinshasa in the era of Dolutegravir (DTG). Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim carried out in 16 HIV Outpatient Treatment Centers (OTC) in Kinshasa from October 4, 2021 to February 15, 2022. The International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) correlated with the Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale facilitated the categorization of NeuroCognitive Disorders (NCD) of PLHIV evaluated after carrying out a summary neurological examination. Results: Of the 96 patients recruited, 56.3% were women with a sex ratio of 0.68. The average age was 40.1 ± 12.1 years. The secondary education level was the majority at 64.6%. Malaria (44.8%) and tuberculosis (32.3%) were more common as opportunistic infections. They were alcoholics in (30.2%). Their history was heart disease (15.6%), high blood pressure (18.8%);drug abuse (10.4%). The IHDS score was light in 55.2% of cases. The correlation between IHDS/IADL watches asymptomatic neurocognitive impairments (ANI) in 77.1%, almost all of subjects are found with normal overall functioning (94.8%) and a disturbed neurological examination in 53.1% of cases with a predominance of motor impairments in 79.1%. Conclusion: In view of these results, early and systematic screening of NCD and associated factors remains necessary in our context. .

关键词： IHDS Dolutegravir Initiation Kinshasa Neurological Profile PLHIV

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Anemia and Hematologic Characteristics in Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Diagnosis in Kinshasa

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第4期5卷 243-257页

作者： Christophe Mbombo Mulenga Jean-Marie Ntumba Kayembe benoit obel kabengele Alain Bakebe Division of Pulmonology University Hospitals of the University of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo

Context: The burden of TB in Africa tends to be exacerbated by the socio-economic situation and the high prevalence of intercurrent infections such as HIV, malaria and non-specific bacterial infections. These factors often result in anemia, making patients at high risk for anemia. Objective: We aimed to gain insights into the characteristics of anemia, hematologic variations and socio-economic status in untreated pulmonary TB patients (PTB) in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 200 smear-positive pulmonary TB patients (PTB) recruited at the initiation of TB treatment. Complete Blood Count, Iron profile, BMI, CRP and albuminemia were assessed. Data were analyzed using Student t or Mann Whitney tests as appropriate, and logistic regression was performed to assess the strength of associations. Results: Anemia was a regular finding in (69%). This anemia was mostly moderate (92.2%) and with iron deficiency pattern (48%). Hypoalbuminemia was observed in half of the subjects and appears to be correlated with the severity of anemia. Surprisingly, the severity of inflammation, as reflected by the CRP, was inversely correlated with the anemia. In the multivariate analysis, alcohol intake (OR: 2.38;IC 95%: 1.05 - 5.38), hypoalbuminemia (OR: 1.98;IC 95%: 1.02 - 3.82) and CRP rate were significantly associated with the presence of anemia among pulmonary tuberculosis at the diagnostic. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the heavy burden of the iron responsive anemia and risky life conditions in newly diagnosed TB patients, and underscores the potential usefulness of iron supplementation in the Congolese context.

关键词： Tuberculosis Pulmonary Tuberculosis Anemia Characteristics Blood Cell Count Disorders TB Patients Kinshasa

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Pancytopenia and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第2期11卷 62-66页

作者： Innocent Murhula Kashongwe Okamba Penge benoit kabengele obel Serge Bisuta Fueza Zacharie Kashongwe Munogolo Pulmonology Unit Internal Medicine Kinshasa University Hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Hematopoietic system is seriously affected by tuberculosis. It exerts a dazzling variety of hematological effects involving both cell lines and plasma components [1]. Anemia and leukopenia are not unusual with tuberculosis (TB), but pancytopenia is rare [2]. Findings: In this report, we described a case of a 42 years man presenting bleeding and pancytopenia;bacteriological pulmonary TB was established by genotypic rapid test and treatment following the WHO guidelines on drug-sensitive TB treatment. Patient recovered entirely with the WHO recommended regimen associated with general and local treatment of the bleeding. Conclusion: This case report emphasizes the importance of always suspecting tuberculosis in a tuberculosis-endemic area, even when the clinical manifestations are atypical, like pancytopenia and also of properly investigating the differential diagnosis. Even though prognosis seems to be less good, actual treatment regimen is still effective.

关键词： Pancytopenia Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Case Report

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Compliance with First-Line AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART) for HIV Infection in the Era of Dolutegravir in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第1期13卷 11-17页

作者： Berry Ikolango Bongenya Marie-Thérèse Ayanne Safi Sombo Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko benoit obel kabengele Mariano Manzo Lusakibanza Gauthier Kahunu Mesia Erick Ntambwe Kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Pharmacology Service Department of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context: Two years after the transition to Dolutegravir (DTG), at the national level, data on compliance with the execution of this transition and the rational use of the new molecule are not available. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine compliance with first-line ART prescriptions among People Living with HIV starting AntiRetroViral treatment in Kinshasa during the Dolutegravir era. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study to determine compliance with first-line ART prescriptions among people living with HIV during the Dolutegravir era in Kinshasa. Sixteen Outpatients Treatment Centers (OTCs) were included in the study for their expertise in the care of PLHIV, their technical collection platform and their accessibility. The parameters of interest were: age, sex, outpatient treatment centers, and medical prescription. Results: One hundred and nineteen (119) patients were included in this work in accordance with the inclusion criteria;67 (56.3%) are female, giving a sex ratio of 1.29 in favor of women. The average age of the patients included is 39.87 ± 12.36 years with extremities of 18 to 69 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patients (31.9%). One hundred and nineteen (119) patients were received from 16 centers in Kinshasa, according to 6 OTC for the district of Funa, 4 OTC for Tshangu and 3 OTC respectively for Lukunga and Mont-Amba. All the centers respect the new recommendations of the National Program;all patients (100%) are on the Tenofovir (TDF) + Lamivudine (3TC) + Dolutegravir (DTG) combination. Conclusion: Compliance with the prescription of DTG as a first-line ARV in the DRC is effective in the city province of Kinshasa.

关键词： ART Profile Dolutegravir Kinshasa

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Biological Profile of People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Berry Ikolango Bongenya Marie-Thérèse Ayanne Safi Sombo Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko benoit obel kabengele Fridolin Kule-Koto Kodondi Baudoin Bu-Tsumbu Buassa Richard Lunganza Kalala Erick Ntambwe Kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context: The biochemical assessment is a real-time indicator of the state and evolution of an infection. Among other things, it makes it possible to determine the right moment when it becomes necessary to start or change a treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the Biological profile of People Living with HIV starting AntiRetroViral treatment in Kinshasa in the era of Dolutegravir. Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional to determine the biological profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) starting AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART). The patient inclusion period was from October 4, 2021 to February 15, 2022. Sixteen centers were included. A sample of 5 ml of blood was taken in a tube with EDTA. Patients were randomly included consecutively in the centers during consultations. The population was made up of adults aged over 18, infected with HIV and starting ART. The parameters of interest retained for the present study were: sex, age, hemoglobin level, blood sugar, urea, creatinine, transaminases, total cholesterol, triglycerides, proteins total, as well as amylase. Results: 119 patients were included in this study in accordance with the inclusion criteria;67 (56.3%) are female, giving a sex ratio of 1.29 in favor of women. The average age of the patients is 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patients (31.9%). The mean values of the biological parameters of the patients at the start of ART are as follows: 31.61 ± 20.71 IU/L for ALT/SGPT, 25.81 ± 19.96 IU/L for AST/SGOT, 79.35 ± 49.49 IU/L for Amylase, 108.13 ± 62.17 mg/dl for Total Cholesterol, 2.77 ± 1.27 mg/dl for Creatinine, 72.53 ±22.23 mg/dl for Glycaemia, 10.30 ± 2.33 g/dl for Hemoglobin, 7.91 ± 1.75 g/dl for Total Protein, 131.23 ± 68.80 mg/dl for Triglycerides, and 33.61 ± 26.27 mg/dl for Urea. Conclusion: Mean values of PLHIV are, for the most part, within the normal range. The average creatinine is higher than the no

关键词： Biological Profile PLHIV Starting ART Kinshasa

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Clinical and Anthropometric Evolution of People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus during 6 Months of Dolutegravir Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第2期13卷 70-81页

作者： Berry Ikolango Bongenya Lambert Omombo Losenga Stéphanie Mauwa Selenge Grace Ipaya Booto Noëlla Makela Dikati Thérèse Kaseka Ntumba benoit obel kabengele Marie-Thérèse Ayane Safi Sombo Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko Erick Ntambwe Kamangu “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART) remains an important tool for reducing morbidity and mortality and improving the quality of life of people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). Under the pressure of ART, several parameters of PLHIV change and are the subject of different evaluations. Objective: The objective of this work was to study the clinical and anthropometric evolution of PLHIV after 6 months of ART based on Dolutegravir (DTG). Methods: The present study was a non-interventional prospective cohort to assess the clinical and anthropometric evolution of PLHIV after 6 months of ART in the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) for HIV in Kinshasa. The patients included were followed for 6 months in compliance with the schedule promulgated by the National Program. The parameters of interest were: Age, Sex, Marital Status, Weight, Height, Body Mass Index and Clinical Status. Results: On inclusion, 119 patients (56.3% women;43.7% men) were selected. During the consultation appointments, 42 patients (66.7% women;33.3% men) were present at M1, 37 patients (70.3% women;29.7% men) at M3, and 67 patients (61.3% women and 38.7% men) in M6. On inclusion, 41.5% of patients were at Stage 3 and 47.0% had a normal clinical condition. In M1, 48.7% of patients were at Stage 1 and 65.8% had a normal clinical condition. At M3, 41.7% of patients were at Stage 3 and 67.6% had a normal clinical condition. At M6, 61.8% of patients were at Stage 3 and 67.9% had a normal clinical condition. On D0, 45.5% of patients were in the 45 to 55 kg range and 56.5% had a normal Body Mass Index (BMI). At M1, 45.7% were in the 45 to 55 kg range and 50.0% had a normal BMI. At M3, 34.4% were in the 45 to 55 kg range and 64.3% had a normal BMI. At M6, 31.8% were in the range of 45 to 55 kg and, respectively, 37.5% of patients were lean and had a normal BMI. Conclusion: The clinical and anthropometric parameters evolve in saw tooth. Improvements are easily visible up to the third m

关键词： Evolution Clinical Anthropometric PLHIV ART

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Evolutionary Profile of Opportunistic Infections in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus during Six Months of Dolutegravir Based Antiretroviral Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第2期13卷 47-56页

作者： Berry Ikolango Bongenya Marie-Thérèse Ayane Safi Sombo benoit Oben kabengele Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko Erick Ntambwe Kamangu “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Opportunistic infections (OI), which are still a major problem in the care of People Living with HIV (PLHIV), occur in situations of immunosuppression. The AntiRetroViral Treatments (ART) used allow a spectacular reduction in the frequency of Opportunistic Infections. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the evolution of Opportunistic Infections in People Living with HIV under AntiRetroViral Treatment in Kinshasa in the era of Dolutegravir. Methods: The present study is a prospective cohort to present the evolutionary profile of OIs in PLHIV on ART for 6 months in Outpatient Treatment Centers (OTC) in Kinshasa. Sixteen OTCs had been included. The population of the present work was patients over 18 years of age at inclusion, infected with HIV-1 and initiating ART in the selected OTC. Results: On inclusion, 119 patients were included of which 56.3% were women. Malaria (45.4%), tuberculosis (29.4%) and cutaneous pruritus (23.5%) were the most common Opportunistic Infections (OIs). In the third month of ART, 37 patients came for the consultation of which 70.3% were women. Non-specific STIs (97.3%), skin pruritus (37.8%) and malaria (24.3%) were the dominant OIs among patients. At the sixth month of ART, 62 patients came for the medical consultation of which 61.3% were women. Skin pruritus (25.8%), dermatitis (22.6%) and rash (21%) were the most common OIs. Conclusion: The evolutionary profile is marked by the conservation of Opportunistic Infections such as dermatitis (pruritus and rashes) and malaria.

关键词： Opportunistic Infections ART Initiation PLHIV Kinshasa

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Virological Profile of People Living with HIV after 12 Months of Treatment with Dolutegravir in Kinshasa

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 171-177页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumoko benoit O. kabengele Erick N. Kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Focus HIV/AIDS Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The evaluation of plasma Viral Load constitutes an indicator of the progression of the infection, the effectiveness and the tolerance of the treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the virological profile of Patients Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 12 months of AntiRetro Viral Treatment (ART) based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in Kinshasa. Method: The present study is a cross-sectional view of the virological profile of the twelfth month of a prospective cohort of PLHIV at M12 of DTG-based ART in Kinshasa. During the M12 appointment, a blood sample was taken for Molecular Biology analyses from all PLHIV included. Result: During the M12 appointment, 28 patients were registered, including 16 (57.1%) women. Nine (9) patients (45.0%) had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median VL value was 3.18 log10 RNA copies/mL (1530 RNA copies/mL). The mutations K65R, T69P/N, K70R and M184V have been listed as mutations conferring resistance to Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. No mutations associated with Dolutegravir were observed at M12. Conclusion: After 12 months of AntiRetroViral Treatment based on Dolutegravir, half of the Patients on first-line ART are in a state of virological failure.

关键词： Viral Load PLHIV 12 Months of ART Dolutegravir Kinshasa

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Blood Safety in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Literature Review

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第3期13卷 102-120页

作者： Alain K. K. Ilunga Cagod B. Inkale Tharcise Kilara Issac Woto Gisele K. kabengele Berry I. Bongenya Baudouin B. T. Buassa Dieudonné T. Nyembue benoit O. kabengele Erick N. Kamangu Institute for Research in Heath Sciences Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biology Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Demo-cratic Republic of the Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Service Department of Specialties University Clinics of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Pulmonology Service Department of Internal Medicine University Clinics of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) faces severe malaria, postpartum haemorrhage, malnutrition and sickle cell disease that require transfusion. The latter poses immunological, infectious, metabolic and hemodynamic risks to recipients. Objective: To present transfusion safety in the DRC through data from the literature. Methods: This review consists of listing the various articles and abstracts published online and presented in scientific conferences having as a subject of interest transfusion safety in the DRC. Results: The review is dominated by articles from eastern DRC and blood mobilization is around 0.5% of the general population. All screening tests are serological with a proven residual risk. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections is documented at more than 80% and represents respectively 1.9%, 2.96%, 1.89% and 1.21%. The prevalence of other pathogens, the immunological and haemodynamic risk are very poorly documented (12.5% to 25%). The prevalence of Parvovirus B19 infection is 5.3% and that of bacterial contamination at 1.4%, that of malaria infestations between 0.3% and 28.3%, that of trypanosomiasis at 1.3%, that of babebiosis at 0.17% in blood donors. Allo-immunization represents 47.8%, adverse reactions 3.4%, iron deficiency 63.2, iron deficiency anemia 25.9% and anemia 36.5%. Pediatrics is the biggest user of this blood. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infections is within the range of sub-Saharan African countries. The serological test is systematic and involves the residual risk, it is necessary to introduce the molecular tests. The prevalence of other pathogens (emerging viruses, bacteria and hemoparasites), the immunological and metabolic risk is poorly documented. The search for these pathogens, irregular antibodies and the determination of ferritin in blood donations is not systematic.

关键词： Prevalence Pathogens Transfusion Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Dolutegravir Based Antiretroviral Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 83-94页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte L. Tshinguta Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumoko benoit O. kabengele Gauthier K. Mesia Erick N. Kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Molecular Biochemistry Service Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Despite the new recommendations “Test and Treat”, the virological and molecular parameters remain important information for Antiretroviral Treatment and adequate for monitoring of patients infected with HIV/AIDS. Objective: the Objective of this study is to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV starting Antiretroviral Therapy in Kinshasa in the era of the Dolutegravir. Methods: This was a transversal study to determine virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) starting an ARV Treatment. The patient’s inclusion period was from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. A sample of 5 ml of blood was taken in a tube with EDTA anticoagulant for Molecular Biology analyzes (Viral Load and Sequencing) in all HIV patients, after reading and signing informed consent. The population was made up of adult patients over the age of 18, infected with HIV and starting ART. Results: 119 patients (56.3% of women) were included in this study, thus a sex-ratio of 1.29. The average age of patients included was 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 with 37 patients (31.9%) followed by that from 26 to 35 years with 24 patients (20.7%). Out of 119 patients, 21 patients had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median value of VL was 4.16 log10 RNA copies/ml. 114 samples were successfully amplified. Subtype A was dominant with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%, and D (10.5 %). K65R (1.8%), T69P/N (4.4%), K70R (7.9%) and M184V (7.0%) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: 38 patients (31.93%) started the TARV with a positive virological prognosis. The subtype A remains dominant in Kinshasa with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%. For Inhibitors of Transcriptase Reverse Nucleotide;K65R, T69P/N, K70E/R and M184V mutations were found in patients’ naive of ARV Treatmen

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular Profile PLHIV Start of ART Kinshasa

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