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Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLe model

Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第7期16卷 1606-1615页

作者： Youcef SAHLI elhadj MOKHTARI Belkacem MeRZOUK benoit LAIGNeL Christophe VIAL Khodir MADANI Laboratory of Biomathematics BiophysicsBiochemistryand Scientometry(L3BS)Faculty of TechnologyUniversity ofBejaia06000 BejaiaAlgeria Department of Hydraulics Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of M'silaAlgeria UMR CNRS 6143 Continental and Coastal Morphodynamics Laboratory(M2C) University of RouenCedex 76821 Mont-Saint-AignanFrance University Clermont Auvergne CNRSSIGMA ClermontPascal InstituteF-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance

The present study aims to estimate the annual soil loss in the Soummam watershed in the northeast of Algeria,using the Revised Universal Soil Loss equation(RUSLe),geographic information system(GIS),and remote sensing(RS).RUSLe model has been used for modelling the main factors involved in erosive *** Soummam watershed covers a surface area of 9108.45 km^2 of irregular shape,northeast–southwest towards *** is characterized by an altitude varying between 2 m in the northeast and 2308 m in the *** showed that the average erosivity factor(R)is 70.64(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year)and the maximum value reaches 140(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year),the average soil erodibility factor(K)is 0.016(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)and maximum values reach 0.0204(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)in the southeast regions of the watershed,the average slope length and steepness factor(LS)is 9.79 and the mean C factor is estimated to be *** maps integration of different factors of RUSLe in GIS with their database,allowed with a rapid and efficient manner to highlight complexity and factors interdependence in the erosion risk *** resulting map for soils losses,with an average erosion rate of 6.81 t/(ha·year)shows a low erosion(ear))which covers 73.46%of the total area of the basin,and a medium erosion(7.42 to 19.77 t/(ha·year)),which represents 17.66%of the *** with extreme erosion risk exceeding 32.18 t/(ha·year)cover more than 3.54%of the basin *** results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Soummam watershed.

关键词： Soummam watershed Soil erosion Revised Universal Soil Loss equation Remote sensing Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

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Foraging site recursion by forest elephants elephas maximus borneensis

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 551-559页

作者： Megan eNGLISH Marc ANCReNAZ Graeme GILLeSPIe benoit GOOSSeNS Sen NATHAN Wayne LINKLATeR Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration ecology School of Biological Sciences New Kirk Building Kelburn Parade Kelburn Campus Victoria University of Wellington 6012 New Zealand Hutan Kinabatangan Orangutan Conservation Project and elephant Conservation Unit Sukau Kinabatangan Sabah Malaysia Zoology Department University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia Danau Girang Field Centre c/o Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Organisms and environment Division School of Biosciences Cardiff University Sir Martin Evans Building Museum AvenueCardiff CF10 3AX UK Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Centre for African Conservation ecology Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Port Elizabeth South Africa

Recursion by herbivores is the repeated use of the same site or plants. Recursion by wild animals is rarely investigated but may be ubiquitous. Optimal foraging theory predicts site recursion as a function of the quality of the site, extent of its last use, and time since its last use because these influence site resource status and recovery. We used GPS collars, behaviour and site sampling to investigate recursion to foraging sites for two elephant elephas maximus borneensis herds in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo, over a 12 month period. Recursion occurred to 48 out of 87 foraging sites and was most common within 48 hours or between 151-250 days, indicating two different types ofrecursion. Recursion was more likely to occur if the site had previously been occupied for longer. Moreover, the time spent at a site at recursion was the same as the time spent at the site on the first occasion. The number of days that had passed between the first visit and recursion was also positively correlated with how much time was spent at the site at recursion. Habitat type also influenced the intensity of site-use, with more time spent at recursion within riverine/open grass areas along forest margins compared to other habitat types. Recursion is a common behaviour used by the elephants and its pattern suggests it may be a foraging strategy for revisiting areas of greater value. The qualities of recursion sites might usefully be incorporated into landscape management strategies for elephant conservation in the area [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 551-559, 2014].

关键词： Asian elephant Recursion Site re-use Herbivory Megaherbivore Optimal foraging

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Irradiation uniformity at the Laser MegaJoule facility in the context of the shock ignition scheme

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2014年第2期2卷 1-12页

作者： Mauro Temporal benoit Canaud Warren J. Garbett Rafael Ramis Stefan Weber Centre de Math'ematiques et de Leurs Applications ENS Cachan and CNRS 61 Av. du President Wilson Cachan Cedex France CeA DIF Arpajon Cedex France AWe plc Aldermaston Reading Berkshire United Kingdom eTSI Aeron'auticos Universidad Polit'ecnica de Madrid Madrid Spain eLI-Beamlines Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague Czech Republic

The use of the Laser MegaJoule facility within the shock ignition scheme has been considered. In the first part of the study, one-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations were performed for an inertial confinement fusion capsule in the context of the shock ignition scheme providing the energy gain and an estimation of the increase of the peak power due to the reduction of the photon penetration expected during the high-intensity spike pulse. In the second part, we considered a Laser MegaJoule configuration consisting of 176 laser beams that have been grouped providing two different irradiation schemes. In this configuration the maximum available energy and power are 1.3 MJ and 440 TW. Optimization of the laser–capsule parameters that minimize the irradiation non-uniformity during the first few ns of the foot pulse has been performed. The calculations take into account the specific elliptical laser intensity profile provided at the Laser MegaJoule and the expected beam uncertainties. A significant improvement of the illumination uniformity provided by the polar direct drive technique has been demonstrated. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations have been performed in order to analyse the magnitude of the azimuthal component of the irradiation that is neglected in twodimensional hydrodynamic simulations.

关键词： inertial confinement fusion shock ignition laser system

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Air/CO2 cooling garment: Description and benefits of use for subjects exposed to a hot and humid climate during physical activities

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 899-903页

作者： Chady Al Sayed Ludwig Vinches Olivier Dupuy Wafa Douzi benoit Dugue Stephane Halle Department of Mechanical engineering ecole de Technologie SuperieureMontreal H3C 1K3Canada Laboratory MOVe Faculty of Sports SciencesUniversity of PoitiersPoitiers 86073France

The severity of the hot and humid conditions to which miners are exposed increases as the depth of the work site *** can cause heat stress that can greatly affect the health and safety of *** resolve this,a cooling garment has been developed that uses an atmospheric discharge of liquid CO2 to create a cool microclimate with an average temperature of 12.5(±0.4)℃ beneath the *** evaluate the garment's cooling efficiency,19 male subjects participated in an experimental *** two modes,cooling on and off,were *** physiological differences were found between the two modes after minute 27(pe end of the recovery phase for the heart rate(maximum difference of 10 beats per minute)and the internal body temperature(maximum difference of 0.33℃).It was found that the modes also affected the subjects'*** ON-mode was associated with better well-being and thermal comfort,and reduced humidity *** of exertion were lower in the ON-mode condition from minute *** findings provide strong evidence of the ability of this cooling garment to reduce heat stress in hot and humid conditions similar to those encountered in deep mines.

关键词： Cooling garment Deep mining Hot and humid Liquid CO2 expansion Physiological measurements Perceptual responses

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Growth simulation and yield prediction for perennial jujube fruit tree by integrating age into the WOFOST model

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 721-734页

作者： BAI Tie-cheng WANG Tao ZHANG Nan-nan CHeN You-qi benoit MeRCATORIS TeRRA Teaching and Research Centre Gembloux Agro-Bio TechLiège UniversityGembloux 5030Belgium Southern xinjiang Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture/College of Information engineering Tarim UniversityAlaer 843300P.R.China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Mathematical models have been widely employed for the simulation of growth dynamics of annual crops,thereby performing yield prediction,but not for fruit tree species such as jujube tree(Zizyphus jujuba).The objectives of this study were to investigate the potential use of a modified WOFOST model for predicting jujube yield by introducing tree age as a key *** model was established using data collected from dedicated field experiments performed in *** growth dynamics of dry weights of leaves,stems,fruits,total biomass and leaf area index(LAI) agreed well with measured values,showing root mean square error(RMSe) values of 0.143,0.333,0.366,0.624 t ha^-1 and 0.19,and R2 values of 0.947,0.976,0.985,0.986 and 0.95,*** phenological development stages for emergence,anthesis and maturity were 2,3 and 3 days earlier than the observed values,*** addition,in order to predict the yields of trees with different ages,the weight of new organs(initial buds and roots) in each growing season was introduced as the initial total dry weight(TDWI),which was calculated as averaged,fitted and optimized values of trees with the same *** results showed the evolution of the simulated LAI and yields profiled in response to the changes in *** modelling performance was significantly improved when it considered TDWI integrated with tree age,showing good global(R2≥0.856,RMSe≤0.68 t ha^-1) and local accuracies(mean R2≥0.43,RMSe≤0.70 t ha^-1).Furthermore,the optimized TDWI exhibited the highest precision,with globally validated R2 of 0.891 and RMSe of 0.591 t ha^-1,and local mean R2 of 0.57 and RMSe of 0.66 t ha^-1,*** proposed model was not only verified with the confidence to accurately predict yields of jujube,but it can also provide a fundamental strategy for simulating the growth of other fruit trees.

关键词： fruit tree growth simulation yield forecasting crop model tree age

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How Does Hema’s O2O Model Influence the Customer’s Loyalty

How Does Hema’s O2O Model Influence the Customer’s Loyalty

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作者： benoit van der Maas 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

This thesis will go deeper in how Hema’s O2 O model is different from normal O2 O models and what effect this model has on customers and the customer *** reason I chose this subject is because Hema is a fairly new retail concept that only started in 2016 and it is developing *** in China online shopping is not new anymore,online grocery shopping is fairly new and difficult to *** groceries are normally goods that people like to see and feel before they make their *** combines online grocery shopping with a physical store where consumers can see and feel the *** unique part of Hema is that it opened the offline store and online store at the same time unlike normal supermarkets that only open the online store after their physical *** is now a well-established grocery store and everywhere in Shanghai you can see Hema delivery drivers driving around the *** combination of all these innovative and unique characteristics of Hema sparked my interest and had me decide to further investigate *** Hema is quite new and already very popular I investigate in this thesis on which factors Hema focuses to retain loyal *** methodology I use is an explanatory single case study,first I use the theoretical framework of the O2 O customer loyalty model to define what the influential factors are to improve customer *** that I use previous research to define what an O2 O model is and in the next section I explain how Hema’s O2 O model is different from traditional O2 O *** confirm the differences between Hema’s O2 O model and the traditional model I conducted an interview with the store manager of a Hema *** interview with the store manager of the Hema store also provided me insights on how Hema keeps customers *** next part are the findings of a recent research on customer satisfaction conducted by other *** findings are used to check what factors make customers choose

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Diversity begets diversity:Low resource heterogeneity reduces the diversity of nut-nesting ants in rubber plantations

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 932-941页

作者： Bai-Ge Miao Yan-Qiong Peng Da-Rong Yang benoit Guenard Cong Liu GAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan ProvinceChina Center of Plant ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan ProvinceChina School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Organismic and evolutional Biology Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

One of the most general patterns in ecology is the positive relationship between environmental heterogeneity and local *** the one hand,increased resource heterogeneity provides more resources for diverse consumers in the *** the other hand,increased structural heterogeneity creates variation in the environment’s physical structure,thus allowing the coexistence of diverse species with different environmental ***,we examined the relative importance of resource and structural heterogeneity in determining the taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of nutnesting ants in natural rainforest and rubber *** species richness of nut-nesting ants was 70%higher in rainforest than in rubber *** clustered functional and phylogenetic structure in rubber plantation suggested a strong effect of environmental filtering in shaping ant functional and phylogenetic *** heterogeneity(nut diversity)was the major factor explaining variation in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity,suggesting that resource heterogeneity plays a major role in shaping the biodiversity patterns of nut-nesting ***,these results indicate that decreased resource diversity following the conversion of rainforest to rubber plantation can drive biodiversity loss in nut-nesting ants,through its effect on reducing both ant species,functional,and phylogenetic *** decline in species richness and functional and phylogenetic diversity in the local ant community might have major effects on ecosystem functioning.

关键词： environmental heterogeneity functional diversity phylogenetic diversity species diversity xishuangbanna

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Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1538-1546页

作者： Jiyong Wang Aurelien Coillet Olivier Demichel Zhiqiang Wang Davi Rego Alexandre Bouhelier Philippe Grelu benoit Cluzel Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte9 avenue Alain Savary21078 DijonFrance Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake University18 Shilongshan Road310024 HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced Study18 Shilongshan Road310024 HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of electrotechnology Federal Institute of BahiaR.Emidio dos Santos40301015 SalvadorBrazil

Metamaterials are artificial materials made of subwavelength elementary cells that give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist ***,these properties are generally achieved due to 3D patterning,which is hardly feasible at short wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared regions targeted by most photonic *** overcome this limitation,metasurfaces,which are the 2D counterparts of metamaterials,have emerged as promising platforms that are compatible with planar nanotechnologies and thus mass production,which platforms the properties of a metamaterial into a 2D *** the linear regime,wavefront manipulation for lensing,holography,and polarization control has been achieved *** in metasurfaces operating in the nonlinear regime has also increased due to the ability of metasurfaces to efficiently convert incident light into harmonic frequencies with unusual polarization ***,to date,the nonlinear absorption of metasurfaces has been mostly ***,we demonstrate that plasmonic metasurfaces behave as saturable absorbers with modulation performances superior to the modulation performance of other 2D materials and exhibit unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer *** quantify the link between saturable absorption,the plasmonic resonances of the unit cell and their distribution in a 2D metasurface,and finally provide a practical implementation by integrating the metasurfaces into a fiber laser cavity operating in pulsed regimes driven by the metasurface *** such,this work provides new perspectives on ultrathin nonlinear saturable absorbers for applications where tunable nonlinear transfer functions are needed,such as in ultrafast lasers or neuromorphic circuits.

关键词： properties absorber overcome

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WIReLeSS BODY-AReA NeTWORKS

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China Communications 2015年第2期12卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： CHeN Wen benoit Geller HU Fengye JIANG Ting WANG Qixin Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Communication engineering from Jilin University Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua Universit

The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and *** next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor *** particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless person-

关键词：无线个人网络计算机科学传感器网络人口老龄化寿命延长 WPAN 人的发展电信

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Long-distance nitrate signaling displays cytokinin dependent and independent branches

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 226-229页

作者： Sandrine Ruffel Arthur Poitout Gabriel Krouk Gloria M.Coruzzi benoit Lacombe Biochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology Integrative Biology Institute for Plants'Claude Grignon'UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM Place Pierre Viala 34060 Montpellier cedexFrance Center for Genomics and Systems Biology Department of Biology New York University New YorkNY 10003USA

The long-distance signaling network allowing a plant to properly develop its root system is crucial to optimize root foraging in areas where nutrients are available. Cytokinin is an essential element of the systemic signaling network leading to the enhancement of lateral root proliferation in areas where nitrate is available. Here,we explore more precisely：（i） which particular traits of lateral root growth（density and length of emerged lateral roots） are the targets of systemic signaling in a context of heterogeneous nitrate supply; and（ii） if the systemic signaling depends only on cytokinin or on a combination of several signalings.

关键词： Cytokinin development nitrate root systemic

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