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Systematic reduction of leg muscle activity throughout a standard assessment of running footwear

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 309-318页

作者： maurice mohr Vinzenzvon Tscharner Sandro nigg benno m.nigg Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canad

Purpose This study aimed to investigate whether there is a systematic change of leg muscle activity,as quantified by surface electromyography(EmG),throughout a standard running footwear assessment protocol at a predetermined running *** Thirty-one physically active adults(15 females and 16 males)completed 5 testing rounds consisting of overground running trials at a speed of 3.5 m/*** level of muscle activity from 6 major leg muscles was recorded using surface *** variables assessed were the EmG total intensity as a function of time and the cumulative EmG overall *** effects of the chronological testing round(independent variable)on the normalized EmG overall intensity(dependent variable)were examined using Friedman analysis of variates and post hoc pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank tests(α=0.05).Results There was a systematic reduction in overall EmG intensity for all 6 muscles over the time course of the running protocol(pmG intensities reached a steady *** one exception was the biceps femoris muscle,which showed a significant reduction of EmG intensity during the stance phase(pmined speed,the neuromuscular system undergoes an adaptation process characterized by a progressive reduction in the activity level of major leg *** process may represent an optimization strategy of the neuromuscular system towards a more energetically efficient running *** running protocols should include a familiarization period of at least 7 min or 600 strides of running at the predetermined speed.

关键词： muscle co-contraction Running familiarization Running footwear Running shoes Surface electromyography

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Can changes in midsole bending stiffness of shoes affect the onset of joint work redistribution during a prolonged run?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 293-302页

作者： Sasa Cigoja Jared R.Fletcher benno m.nigg Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Health and Physical Education Mount Royal UniversityCalgaryAB T3E 6K6Canada

Purpose This study aimed to investigate if changing the midsole bending stiffness of athletic footwear can affect the onset of lower limb joint work redistribution during a prolonged *** Fifteen trained male runners(10-km time ofmin)performed 10-km runs at 90%of their individual speed at lactate threshold(i.e.,when change in lactate exceeded 1 mmol/L during an incremental running test)in a control and stiff shoe condition on 2 *** limb joint kinematics and kinetics were measured using a motion capture system and a force-instrumented *** were acquired every 500 *** Prolonged running resulted in a redistribution of positive joint work from distal to proximal joints in both shoe *** to the beginning of the run,less positive work was performed at the ankle(approximately 9%;p≤0.001)and more positive work was performed at the knee joint(approximately 17%;p≤0.001)at the end of the *** running in the stiff shoe condition,the onset of joint work redistribution at the ankle and knee joints occurred at a later point during the *** A delayed onset of joint work redistribution in the stiff condition may result in less activated muscle volume,because ankle plantar flexor muscles have shorter muscles fascicles and smaller cross-sectional areas compared to knee extensor *** active muscle volume could be related to previously reported decreases in metabolic cost when running in stiff *** results contribute to the notion that footwear with increased stiffness likely results in reductions in metabolic cost by delaying joint work redistribution from distal to proximal joints.

关键词： Fatigue Footwear mechanics Performance Running

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Changes in ankle work,foot work,and tibialis anterior activation throughout a long run

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 330-338页

作者： Eric C.Honert Florian Ostermair Vinzenzvon Tscharner benno m.nigg Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N 1N4Canada Institute of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany Department of Sports Science and Sports Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-NurembergErlangen 91058Germany

Background The ankle and foot together contribute to over half of the positive and negative work performed by the lower limbs during ***,little is known about how foot kinetics change throughout a *** amount of negative foot work may decrease as tibialis anterior(TA)electromyography(EmG)changes throughout longer-duration ***,we examined ankle and foot work as well as TA EmG changes throughout a changing-speed *** Fourteen heel-striking subjects ran on a treadmill for 58 *** collected ground reaction forces,motion capture,and *** ran at 110%,100%,and 90%of their 10-km running speed and 2.8 m/s multiple times throughout the *** work was evaluated using the distal rearfoot work,which provides a net estimate of all work contributors within the *** Positive foot work increased and positive ankle work decreased throughout the run at all *** the 110%10-km running speed,negative foot work decreased and TA EmG frequency shifted lower throughout the *** increase in positive foot work may be attributed to increased foot joint work performed by intrinsic foot *** in negative foot work and TA EmG frequency may indicate that the TA plays a role in negative foot work in the early stance of a *** This study is the first to examine how the kinetic contributions of the foot change throughout a *** studies should investigate how increases in foot work affect running performance.

关键词： Electromyography Footwear Running performance

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赤脚跑与穿极简鞋跑研究的发展历史与未来走向（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第2期3卷 65-66,152页

作者： Daniel E.Lieberman Irene S.Davis benno m.nigg Department of Human Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Spaulding National Running Center’ Department of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of Kinesiology The University of Calgary

Barefoot running has been around for millions of years,and it is safe to presume that for most of that time,the practice occasioned little *** ancestors ran barefoot because they had no *** footwear was first invented during the last 40,000 years (no doubt at different times and in different places),shoes were by necessity minimal-essentially sandals and moccasins-designed to protect the sole of the foot but lacking any of the sophisticated features and materials present in modem running shoes such as elevated cushioned heels,arch supports,and toe *** of these features were invented in the 1970s,and they quickly became more popular and sophisticated as running underwent a worldwide ***,the vast majority of runners think it is normal to wear cushioned running shoes,and would never dream of running without them.

关键词： necessity shoes sophisticated doubt millions running essentially likely debate briefly

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Regeneration of adhesive tail pad scales in the New Zealand gecko (Hoplodactylus maculatus) (Reptilia, Squamata; Lacertilia) can serve as an experimental model to analyze setal formation in lizards generally

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Zoological Research 2017年第4期38卷 191-197页

作者： Lorenzo Alibardi benno meyer-Rochow Comparative Histolab and Department of Bigea Dipartimento di Biologia University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy Research Institute of Luminous Organisms Tokyo 100-1623 Japan Department of Genetics and Physiology Oulu University Oulu FIN 90140 Finland

During the regeneration of the tail in the arboreal New Zealand gecko （Hoplodactylus maculatus） a new set of tail scales, modified into pads bearing setae 5-20 μm long, is also regenerated. Stages of the formation of these specialized scales from epidermal pegs that invaginate the dermis of the regenerating tail are described on the basis of light and electron microscopic images. Within the pegs a differentiating clear layer interfaces with the spinulae and setae of the Oberh^utchen according to a process similar to that described for the digital pads. A layer of clear cytoplasm surrounds the growing tiny setae and eventually comities around them and their spatular ends, later leaving the new setae free- standing on the epidermal surface. The fresh adhesive pads help the gecko to maintain the prehensile function of its regenerated tail as together with the axial skeleton （made of a cylinder of elastic cartilage） the pads allow the regenerated tail to curl around twigs and small branches just like the original tail. The regeneration of caudal adhesive pads represents an ideal system to study the cellular processes that determine setal formation under normal or experimental manipulation as the progressive phases of the formation of the setae can be sequentially analyzed.

关键词： Gecko lizard Regeneration Epidermis Tail pad scales Adhesion Prehensile function Ultrastructure

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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCov- 19 vaccination with a misleading first cerebral mRI scan

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 668-670页

作者： benno Ikenberg Antonia Franziska Demleitner Thomas Thiele Benedikt Wiestler Katharina Götze Georg mößmer Paul Lingor Department of Neurology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin Universitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany Department of Diagnostic und Interventional Neuroradiology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Department of medicine III Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany

SUmmARY Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia(VITT)and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)have been recently described as rare complications following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with vector *** report a case of a young woman who presented with VITT and cerebral CVST 7 days following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19(AstraZeneca).While the initial mRI was considered void of pathological findings,mRI 3 days later revealed extensive CVST of the transversal and sigmoidal sinus with intracerebral *** tests including a platelet-factor-4-induced platelet activation assay confirmed the diagnosis of *** with intravenous immunoglobulins and argatroban resulted in a normalisation of platelet counts and remission of CVST.

关键词： vaccination cerebral venous

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Spatial heterogeneity of oxygenation and haemodynamics in breast cancer resolved in vivo by conical multispectral optoacoustic mesoscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1455-1469页

作者： Jiao Li Andrei Chekkoury Jaya Prakash Sarah Glasl Paul Vetschera benno Koberstein-Schwarz Ivan Olefir Vipul Gujrati murad Omar Vasilis Ntziachristos School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityNo.92Weijin RoadNankai District300072 TianjinChina Institute of Biological and medical Imaging Helmholtz Zentrum MunchenIngolstadter Landstr.1D-85764 NeuherbergGermany Chair of Biological Imaging TranslaTUMTechnische Universitat MunchenIsmaningerstr.22D-81675 MunichGermany Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics Indian Institute of Science BangaloreCV Raman RdBengaluru 560012 KarnatakaIndia

The characteristics of tumour development and metastasis relate not only to genomic heterogeneity but also to spatial heterogeneity,associated with variations in the intratumoural arrangement of cell populations,vascular morphology and oxygen and nutrient *** optical(photonic)microscopy is commonly employed to visualize the tumour microenvironment,it assesses only a few hundred cubic microns of ***,it is not suitable for investigating biological processes at the level of the entire tumour,which can be at least four orders of magnitude *** this study,we aimed to extend optical visualization and resolve spatial heterogeneity throughout the entire tumour *** developed an optoacoustic(photoacoustic)mesoscope adapted to solid tumour imaging and,in a pilot study,offer the first insights into cancer optical contrast heterogeneity in vivo at an unprecedented resolution ofm throughout the entire tumour *** spectral methods,we resolve unknown patterns of oxygenation,vasculature and perfusion in three types of breast cancer and showcase different levels of structural and functional *** our knowledge,these results are the most detailed insights of optical signatures reported throughout entire tumours in vivo,and they position optoacoustic mesoscopy as a unique investigational tool linking microscopic and macroscopic observations.

关键词： insight arrangement linking

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The GYF domain protein CD2BP2 is critical for embryogenesis and podocyte function

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2015年第5期7卷 402-414页

作者： Gesa I.Albert Christoph Schell Karin m.Kirschner Sebastian Schafer Ronald Naumann Alexandra muller Oliver Kretz benno Kuropka mathias Girbig Norbert Hubner Eberhard Krause Holger Scholz Tobias B.Huber Klaus-Peter Knobeloch Christian Freund Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universitat Berlin14195 BerlinGermany Leibniz-Institut fuer molekulare Pharmakologie 13125 BerlinGermany Renal Division University Hospital Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Speman Graduate School for medicine and Biology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Faculty of Biology University Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute fuer Vegetative Physiologie Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin10117 BerlinGermany Experimental Genetics and Cardiovascular Diseases MDC13125 BerlinGermany Transgenic Core Facility Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany Institute of Neuropathology University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Cell Biology&Anatomy University of Freiburg79106 FreiburgGermany BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies Albert-Ludwigs-University79106 FreiburgGermany

Scaffolding proteins play pivotal roles in the assembly of macromolecular machines such as the *** adaptor protein CD2BP2,originally identified as a binding partner of the adhesion molecule CD2,is a pre-spliceosomal assembly factor that utilizes its glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine(GYF)domain to co-localize with spliceosomal *** far,its function in vertebrates is *** conditional gene targeting in mice,we show that CD2BP2 is crucial for embryogenesis,leading to growth retardation,defects in vascularization,and premature death at embryonic day 10.5 when *** of the protein in bone marrow-derived macrophages indicates that CD2BP2 is involved in the alternative splicing of mRNA transcripts from diverse *** the molecular level,we identified the phosphatase PP1 to be recruited to the spliceosome via the N-terminus of *** the strong expression of CD2BP2 in podocytes of the kidney,we use selective depletion of CD2BP2,in combination with next-generation sequencing,to monitor changes in exon usage of genes critical for podocyte functions,including VEGF and actin ***2BP2-depleted podocytes display foot process effacement,and cause proteinuria and ultimately lethal kidney failure in ***,our study defines CD2BP2 as a non-redundant splicing factor essential for embryonic development and podocyte integrity.

关键词： GYF domain CD2BP2 alternative splicing PP1 podocytes VEGF

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STANDARDIZED *** ACUPUNCTURE FOR CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN — A RANDOmIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2014年第3期 224-225页

作者： Daniel Pach Xiaoli Yang-Strobel Rainer Lüdtke Lüdtke Stephanie Roll Katja Icke benno Brinkhaus Claudia m.Witt Institute for Social medicine Epidemiology and Health EconomicsCharité-Universittsmedizin Berlin Karl and Veronica Carstens Foundation 3. Center for Integrative medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine

Background: Chinese medical diagnoses and treatment recommendations for specific patients with chronic low back pain vary widely across practitioners.A comparison of individualized treatment with a thoughtfully developed standardized approach is useful to determine which, if either, is ***: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of standardized and individualized acupuncture treatment in patients with chronic low back ***: We performed a single-centre randomized controlled single-blind trial in a general medical practice in Germany run by a Chinese born medical doctor trained in Western and Chinese medicine.150 outpatients with chronic low back pain were randomly allocated to two groups(78 standardized acupuncture and 72 individualized acupuncture).Patients received either standardized acupuncture or individualized *** encompassed between 10 to 15 treatments based on individual symptoms with two treatments per *** main outcome measure was the area under the curve(AUC), summarizing eight weeks of daily rated pain severity measured with a visual analogue scale(0 mm=no pain, 100 mm=worst imaginable pain).Results: No significant differences between groups were observed for the AUC(individualized acupuncture mean:1768.7 [95% CI, 1460.4; 2077.1]; standardized acupuncture 1482.9 [1177.2; 1788.7]; group difference, 285.8 [-33.9; 605.5] P=0.080).Conclusion: In this single-centre trial individualized acupuncture was not superior to standardized acupuncture for patients suffering from chronic *** a next step a multi-centre non-inferiority study should be performed to investigate whether standardized acupuncture treatment for chronic low back pain might be applicable in a broader usual care setting.

关键词： AUC STANDARDIZED VS.INDIVIDUALIZED ACUPUNCTURE FOR CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN A RANDOmIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

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圣波罗的白屋,布雷西亚,意大利

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世界建筑 2005年第9期 54-57页

作者：本诺.阿尔布雷克特布雷西亚

位于布雷西圣波罗的'白屋'是一个低造价的社会住宅项目.设计由3个立方体式的5层建筑组成,其中共包括53个单元住宅,由两个花园分隔开来.每个建筑物的内部庭院为10.8m×10.8m,并包含直接从花园通向巨大的联系5层高楼梯间的坡道.

关键词：波罗布雷意大利西亚单元住宅建筑物社会住宅楼梯间低造价立方体

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