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A Preliminary Investigation: Alvimopan Use to Prevent Post-Operative Ileus af.er Radical Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion

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Open Journal of.Urology 2013年第7期3卷 272-275页

作者： benjamin f. katz Geof.rey S. Gaunay Basir U. Tareen Erik T. Golubof. Department of.Urology Beth Israel Medical Center New York USA Department of.Urology Metropolitan Urologic Associates Woodbury USA

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common and f.ustrating patient complication af.er a urinary diversion by using a segment of.bowel. Alvimopan is an oral selective antagonist to the peripheral μ-opioid receptor. Our study investigates the ef.ect of.alvimopan on POI in patients undergoing radical cystectomy. There are no documented studies on alvimopan’s ef.icacy in urologic surgery literature. Methods: Approval f.om the Institutional Review Board was obtained to conduct a retrospective review of.patients’ records f.om August 2009 until August 2011. The study included sixteen patients who had undergone radical cystectomy with ileal diversion. Exclusion criteria included patients with chronic opioid use, previous colostomy or ileostomy, or signif.cant comorbidities which could cause increased postoperative complications. Statistical analysis was perf.rmed to examine the association of.alvimopan use with decreased time to dietary advancement and decreased length of.hospital stay. Results: The alvimopan group advanced their diet more than 24 hours earlier in comparison with the alvimopan naive group (P f.POI and subsequent decreased hospital course length. There was no signif.cant dif.erence in readmission rate or need f.r nasogastric tube (NGT). Interpretation: To our knowledge we report one of.the f.rst uses of.alvimopan in reducing POI in the urological surgery literature. Our novel experience with using this drug is encouraging. f.rther research will ultimately determine if.standard use of.alvimopan to decrease POI in radical cystectomy with ileal diversion will be implemented.

关键词： Cystectomy Urinary Diversion Alvimopan Ileus

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Application of.novel constrained f.iction processing method to produce f.ne grained biomedical Mg-Zn-Ca alloy

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Journal of.Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 516-529页

作者： Ting Chen Banglong f. Junjun Shen Uceu f.H.R.Suhuddin Björn Wiese Yuanding Huang Min Wang Jorge f.dos Santos Jean Pierre Bergmann benjamin Klusemann Solid State Materials Processing Institute of Material MechanicsHelmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany f.nctional Magnesium Materials Institute of Metallic BiomaterialsHelmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany Shanghai Key Laboratory of.Materials Laser Processing and Modif.cation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDongchuan Road 800Shanghai 200240China Applied Materials and Manuf.cturing Energy and Environment DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPO Box 999RichlandWA 99352USA Production Technology Group Technisiche Universität IlmenauGustav-Kirchhoff-Platz 2Ilmenau 98693Germany Institute f.r Production Technology and Systems Leuphana University of LüneburgUniversitätsallee 1Lüneburg 21335Germany

In order to obtain Mg alloys with f.ne microstructures and high mechanical perf.rmances,a novel f.iction-based processing method,name as“constrained f.iction processing(Cf.)”,was *** Cf.,def.ct-f.ee Mg-Zn-Ca rods with greatly ref.ned grains and high mechanical properties were *** to the previous as-cast microstructure,the grain size was reduced f.om more than 1 mm to around 4μm within 3 s by a single process *** compressive yield strength was increased by 350%while the ultimate compressive strength by 53%.According to the established material f.ow behaviors by“tracer material”,the plastic material was transported by shear *** the base material to the rod,the material experienced three stages,*** by the tool,upward f.ow with additional tilt,f.llowed by upward *** microstructural evolution was revealed by“stop-action”*** microstructural development at regions adjacent to the rod is mainly controlled by twinning,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)as well as particle stimulated nucleation,while that within the rod is related to DRX combined with grain growth.

关键词： Constrained f.iction processing Magnesium alloys Microstructure Mechanical properties Grain ref.nement Plastic def.rmation

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Generation of.meaningf.l synthetic sensor data—Evaluated with a reliable transf.rability methodology

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 248-264页

作者： Michael Meiser benjamin Duppe Ingo Zinnikus Deutsches f.rschungszentrum f.r künstliche Intelligenz(Df.I) Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3Saarbrücken66123SaarlandGermany

As households are equipped with smart meters,supervised Machine Learning(ML)models and especially Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring(NILM)disaggregation algorithms are becoming increasingly *** be robust,these models require a large amount of.data,which is dif.icult to ***,the generation of.meaningf.l synthetic data is becoming more *** use a simulation f.amework to generate multiple datasets using dif.erent techniques and evaluate their quality statistically by measuring the perf.rmance of.NILM models f.r *** demonstrate that the method of.data generation is crucial to train ML models in a meaningf.l *** experiments conducted reveal that adding noise to the synthetic smart meter data is essential to train robust NILM models f.r *** best results are obtained when this noise is derived f.om unknown appliances f.r which no ground truth data is *** we observed that NILM models can provide unstable results,we develop a reliable evaluation methodology,based on Cochran’s sample ***,we compare the quality of.the generated synthetic data with real data and observe that multiple NILM models trained on synthetic data perf.rm signif.cantly better than those trained on real data.

关键词： Smart home Synthetic sensor data Energy data Transf.r learning Evaluation methodology Machine learning Neural networks NILM Seq2point WindowGRU DAE Seq2seq RNN

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CO_(2)capture costs of.chemical looping combustion of.biomass:A comparison of.natural and synthetic oxygen carrier

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Journal of.Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 296-310页

作者： benjamin f.eiß Juraj Priscak Martin Hammerschmid Josef.f.chs Stef.n Müller Hermann Hof.auer Institute of.Chemical Environmental and Bioscience EngineeringTU WienVienna1060 ViennaAustria BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable Technologies GmbH Graz8010 StyriaAustria

Chemical looping combustion has the potential to be an ef.icient and low-cost technology capable of.contributing to the reduction of.the atmospheric concentration of.CO_(2) in order to reach the 1.5/2°C goal and mitigate climate *** this process,a metal oxide is used as oxygen carrier in a dual f.uidized bed to generate clean CO_(2) via combustion of.*** commonly,natural ores or synthetic materials are used as oxygen carrier whereas both must meet special requirements f.r the conversion of.solid *** oxygen carriers are characterized by higher reactivity at the expense of.higher costs versus the lower-cost natural *** determine the viability of.both possibilities,a techno-economic comparison of.a synthetic material based on manganese,iron,and copper to the natural ore ilmenite was *** synthetic oxygen carrier was characterized and tested in a pilot plant,where high combustion ef.iciencies up to 98.4%and carbon capture rates up to 98.5%were *** techno-economic assessment resulted in CO_(2) capture costs of.75 and 40€/tCO_(2) f.r the synthetic and natural ore route respectively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impact of.production costs and attrition rates of.the synthetic *** synthetic oxygen carrier could break even with the natural ore in case of.lower production costs and attrition rates,which could be reached by adapting the production process and recycling *** comparison to state-of.the-art technologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the capture cost of.CO_(2) could be reduced by implementing the chemical looping combustion technology.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion BECCS Techno-economic assessment CO_(2)capture costs Oxygen carrier development Synthetic materials Ilmenite

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f.AP 2.0:a community engagement method applied to cervical cancer disparities among Hispanic women

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f.mily Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 44-57页

作者： Autumn M Kieber-Emmons Susan E Hansen Michael Topmiller Jaskaran Grewal Carlos Roberto Jaen benjamin f.Crabtree William L Miller Department of.f.mily Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA College of.Medicine USFTampaFloridaUSA Lehigh Valley Health Network AllentownPennsylvaniaUSA American Academy of.f.mily Physicians-Health Landscape CincinattiOHUSA Laf.yette College EastonPennsylvaniaUSA UT Health San Antonio San AntonioTexasUSA Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School PiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Cancer Institute of.New Jersey New BrunswickNew JerseyUSA

f.cused Rapid Assessment Process(f.AP)2.0 is a community engagement approach combining geospatial mapping with rapid qualitative assessment in cyclical f.shion within communities to capture multif.ctorial and multilevel f.atures impacting primary care *** 2.0 of.ers primary care researchers a methodology f.amework f.r exploring complex community f.atures that impact primary healthcare delivery and *** f.AP 2.0 study design expands the f.AP f.om a sequential design to a cyclical process of.geospatial mapping and rapid qualitative assessment in search of.modif.able contextual *** participants are stakeholders f.om various socioecological levels whose perspectives inf.rm study outcomes that they may use to then become the agents of.change f.r the very problems they helped ***,we present a proof.of.concept study f.r f.AP 2.0 examining disparities in cervical cancer mortality rates among Hispanic women in *** primary outcomes of.interest are f.atures at the community level,medical health system level and regional government policy levels that of.er opportunities f.r collaborative interventions to improve cervical cancer *** this study,geospatial mapping of.county and ZIP code-level variables impacting postdiagnosis cervical cancer care at community,medical and policy levels were created using publicly available data and then overlaid with maps created with Texas Cancer Registry data f.r cervical cancer cases in three of.the largest population *** disparate areas were then qualitatively explored using participant observation and ethnographic f.eld work,alongside 39 key inf.rmant *** discussion groups and stakeholder engagement existed at every phase of.the *** the f.AP 2.0 method,we created an action-oriented roadmap of.next steps to improve cervical cancer care disparities in the three Texas counties with emphasis on the high disparity *** identif.ed local change

关键词： cervical qualitative policy

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Real-Time f.aud Detection Using Machine Learning

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Journal of.Data Analysis and Inf.rmation Processing 2024年第2期12卷 189-209页

作者： benjamin Borketey Department of.Economics The University of Akron Akron Ohio USA

Credit card f.aud remains a signif.cant challenge, with f.nancial losses and consumer protection at stake. This study addresses the need f.r practical, real-time f.aud detection methodologies. Using a Kaggle credit card dataset, I tackle class imbalance using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to enhance modeling ef.iciency. I compare several machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis, K-nearest Neighbors, Classif.cation and Regression Tree, Naive Bayes, Support Vector, Random f.rest, XGBoost, and Light Gradient-Boosting Machine to classif. transactions as f.aud or genuine. Rigorous evaluation metrics, such as AUC, PRAUC, f., KS, Recall, and Precision, identif. the Random f.rest as the best perf.rmer in detecting f.audulent activities. The Random f.rest model successf.lly identif.es approximately 92% of.transactions scoring 90 and above as f.audulent, equating to a detection rate of.over 70% f.r all f.audulent transactions in the test dataset. Moreover, the model captures more than half.of.the f.aud in each bin of.the test dataset. SHAP values provide model explainability, with the SHAP summary plot highlighting the global importance of.individual f.atures, such as “V12” and “V14”. SHAP f.rce plots of.er local interpretability, revealing the impact of.specif.c f.atures on individual predictions. This study demonstrates the potential of.machine learning, particularly the Random f.rest model, f.r real-time credit card f.aud detection, of.ering a promising approach to mitigate f.nancial losses and protect consumers.

关键词： Credit Card f.aud Detection Machine Learning SHAP Values Random f.rest

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Three-dimensional analysis of.age and sex dif.erences in f.moral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of.Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： Mahad M Hassan Aliya G f.roe Brenton W Douglass Andrew E Jimenez benjamin Kuhns Charles f.Mitchell Robert L Parisien Daniel A Maranho Eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim Ata M Kiapour Department of.Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Department of.Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Department of.Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Department of.Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Department of.Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of.Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Department of.Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of.Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND The sphericity of.the f.moral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of.osteoarthritis and f.moral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of.the f.moral head of.asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that f.moral head asphericity will vary signif.cantly between male and f.male pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents f.om a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** f.moral measurements including the f.moral head diameter,f.moral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter dif.erence were used to evaluate f.moral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(Pf.cantly smaller f.moral head size in older ages(>13 years)in f.males,there were no sex-dif.erences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter dif.erence in both sexes(P=0.07)with no signif.cant sex-dif.erences across dif.erent age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were signif.cant increases in local aspherity(maximum diameter dif.erence)across whole surf.ce of.the f.moral head and all quadrants except the inf.rior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-dif.erences in maximum diameter dif.erence at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter dif.erence across overall surf.ce of.the f.moral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2D measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of.the f.moral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip f.moral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex dif.erences

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Sexual medicine disparities between Asia and North America： commentary on male sexual dysf.nction in Asia

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Asian Journal of.Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 605-606页

作者： benjamin f.katz Doron S Stember Harris M Nagler Beth Israel Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of.Medicine of.Yeshiva University 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx NY 10461 USA

In a recently published article in Asian Journal of.Andrology, Ho et al.1 examine prevalence, attitudes, and treatment patterns related to sexual dysf.nction in Asia and contrast them with those of.Western society. They highlight the relative paucity of.data with respect to erectile dysf.nction （ED）, premature ejaculation, and hypogonadism in the Asian population.

关键词： Sexual North America

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Molecular characterization of.canine parvovirus type 2(CPV2)reveals a high prevalence of.the CPV2c genotype among dogs suf.ring f.om diarrhea

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Animal Diseases 2024年第3期4卷 198-206页

作者： Sajid Umar Di Gao Semin Kim Yixi Cheng Zhenkun f.ng Qiu Zhongqi Weidong Yu benjamin D.Anderson Global Health Research Center(GHRC) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina Division of.Natural&Applied Sciences(DNAS) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina Swine Business Unit MSD Animal HealthShanghaiChina Simba Pet Hospital(Tinglin Park Branch) Maanshan RoadKunshanSuzhou 215335Jiangsu ProvinceChina Play Pi Kangkang Pet Hospital Kunshan City Development ZoneKunshanSuzhou 215300Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of.Environmental and Global Health College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaFloridaUSA

Canine parvovirus 2(CPV-2)is a highly contagious virus in dogs that typically causes hemorrhagic enteritis and a high mortality rate in unvaccinated *** genetic variability and antigenic diversity of.CPV-2 hinder its ef.ctive prevention of.inf.ction by *** investigate the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of.CPV-2 in China,rectal swabs f.om af.cted dogs were collected f.om dif.rent animal clinics in Kunshan f.om 2022 to *** detection and capsid gene sequencing of.CPV-2 were perf.rmed using previously described primers and *** overall detection rate f.r CPV-2 was 16.5%(33/200).A signif.ant association was f.und between the CPV-2-positivity and clinical signs,age,breed and vaccination *** analysis revealed the presence of.CPV-2c genotypes in all positive samples,which were genetically similar to other Asian CPV-2c ***,f.ur key mutations(A5G,f.67Y,Y324I and Q370R)were detected in all isolates,and one novel mutation(I447M)was detected in three CPV-2 *** mutations in the CPV-2 strains could impact vaccine ef.acy and the ef.ctiveness of.the virus immune ***,no recombination events were observed between the identif.d CPV-2c strains and ref.rence strains f.om *** data revealed that amino acid residues 324,426 and 440 of.VP2 may under strong selection *** pattern of.genetic variation in the CPV-2 lineage warrants continuous laboratory-based surveillance programs in other parts of.China to better understand the pattern of.seasonal distribution and association between emerging genotypes and the intensity of.disease severity.

关键词： Canine parvovirus Dogs Epidemiology Genetic diversity Phylogenetic analysis

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The ef.ect of.Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of.Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of.Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus f.lten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel Christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-Chwałek Joachim Mayer benjamin Berkels Marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja f.enner Sandra Sef. Daniela Zander Chair of.Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut f.r Eisenf.rschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central f.cility f.r Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre f.r Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of.Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of.Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of.dif.erent chemical com-positions,modif.ed surf.ce states and various electrolyte ***,recent research f.cused on the active state of.Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved ef.ects of.secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the f.ndamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of.three dif.erent Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase f.actions in the passive state of.Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ f.ow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of.a stable passive layer f.rmation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identif.ed within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

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