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Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in"hotspot"and"control"areas in Ghana:the importance of vectors

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 45-55页

作者： Sellase Pi-Bansa Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong Elizabeth Elhassan Osei Kweku Akuoko David Agyemang Collins Ahorlu Maxwell Alexander Appawu benjamin guibehi koudou Michael David Wilson Dziedzom Komi de Souza Samuel Kweku Dadzie Jurg Utzinger Daniel Adjei Boakye Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science University of GhanaLegonGhana SightSavers International Ghana OfficeAccraGhana African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science University of GhanaLegonGhana Vector Biology Department Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire AbidjanCote d'Ivoire

Background:Mass drug administration(MDA)programmes for the control of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana,have been ongoing in some endemic districts for 16 *** current study aimed to assess factors that govern the success of MDA programmes for breaking transmission of lymphatic filariasis in ***:The study was undertaken in two"hotspot"districts(Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West)and two control districts(Mpohor and Bongo)in *** were collected and identified using morphological and molecular tools.A proportion of the cibarial armatures of each species was *** were performed onAnopheles gambiae for filarial worm detection.A questionnaire was administered to obtain information on MDA compliance and vector control *** were compared between districts to determine factors that might explain persistent transmission of lymphatic ***:High numbers of mosquitoes were sampled in Ahanta West district compared to Mpohor district(F=16.09,P=0.002).There was no significant difference between the numbers of mosquitoes collected in Kassena Nankana West and Bongo districts(F=2.16,P=0.185).Mansonia species were predominant in Ahanta West *** mosquitoes were prevalent in all *** with infected and infective filarial worms was found only in Ahanta West *** differences were found in cibarial teeth numbers and shape for mosquito species in the surveyed *** MDA coverage was high in all *** average use of bednet and indoor residual spraying was 82.4 and 66.2%,*** was high compliance in the five preceding MDA rounds in Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West districts,both considered hotspots of lymphatic filariasis ***:The study on persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis in the two areas in Ghana present information that shows the importance of local understanding of factors affecting control and elimination of lymphatic

关键词： Ghana Hotspots Lymphatic filariasis Mass drug administration Microfilariae Systematic non-compliance Vector control

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Commentary:restarting NTD programme activities after the Ebola outbreak in Liberia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 455-458页

作者： Brent C.Thomas Karsor Kollie benjamin koudou Charles Mackenzie Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases(CNTD) Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Neglected Tropical Disease Non-Communicable Disease and Eye Health GroupMinistry of HealthMonroviaLiberia

It is widely known that the recent Ebola Virus Disease(EVD)in West Africa caused a serious disruption to the national health system,with many of ongoing disease focused programmes,such as mass drug administration(MDA)for onchocerciasis(ONC),lymphatic filariasis(LF)and schistosomiasis(SCH),being suspended or *** these MDA programmes attempt to restart post-EVD it is important to understand the challenges that may be *** commentary addresses the opinions of the major health sectors involved,as well as those of community members,regarding logistic needs and challenges faced as these important public health programmes consider *** appears to be a strong desire by the communities to resume NTD programme activities,although it is clear that some important challenges remain,the most prominent being those resulting from the severe loss of trained staff.

关键词： West Africa Ebola Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Health systems

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Impact of five annual rounds of mass drug administration with ivermectin on onchocerciasis in Sierra Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 314-325页

作者： Joseph B.Koroma Santigie Sesay Abdul Conteh benjamin koudou Jusufu Paye Mohamed Bah Mustapha Sonnie Mary H.Hodges Yaobi Zhang Moses J.Bockarie Family Health International(FHI)360 Ghana Country OfficeAccraGhana National Neglected Tropical Disease Control Programme Ministry of Health and SanitationFreetownSierra Leone Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Helen Keller International FreetownSierra Leone Helen Keller International Regional Office for AfricaDakarSenegal European&Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership(EDCTP) Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa

Background:Onchocerciasis is endemic in 12 of the 14 health districts of Sierra *** treatment coverage of community-directed treatment with ivermectin was achieved between 2005 and 2009 after the 11-year civil *** site surveys were conducted in 2010 to evaluate the impact of five annual rounds of ivermectin ***:In total,39 sentinel villages from hyper-and meso-endemic areas across the 12 endemic districts were surveyed using skin snips in *** were analyzed and compared with the baseline data from the same 39 ***:The average microfilaridermia(MF)prevalence across 39 sentinel villages was 53.10%at *** MF prevalence was higher in older age groups,with the lowest in the age group of 1-9 years(11.00%)and the highest in the age group of 40-49 years(82.31%).Overall mean MF density among the positives was 28.87 microfilariae(mf)/snip,increasing with age with the lowest in the age group of 1-9 years and the highest in the age group of 40-49 *** had higher MF prevalence and density than *** 2010 after five rounds of mass drug administration,the overall MF prevalence decreased by 60.26%from 53.10%to 21.10%;the overall mean MF density among the positives decreased by 71.29%from 28.87 mf/snip to 8.29 mf/snip;and the overall mean MF density among all persons examined decreased by 88.58%from 15.33 mf/snip to 1.75 mf/*** of 12 endemic districts had>50%reduction in MF *** of 12 districts had≥50%reduction in mean MF density among the ***:A significant reduction of onchocerciasis MF prevalence and mean density was recorded in all 12 districts of Sierra Leone after five annual MDAs with effective treatment *** results suggested that the onchocerciasis elimination programme in Sierra Leone was on course to reach the objective of eliminating onchocerciasis in the country by the year *** MDA with ivermectin should continue in all 12 districts and furthe

关键词： Onchocerciasis Onchocerca volvulus Mass drug administration Community-directed treatment with ivermectin Community-directed drug distributor Skin snip Onchocerciasis-endemic Post-conflict Disease elimination Rapid diagnostic test

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Distribution of Plasmodium *** in asymptomatic carriers in perennial and low seasonal malaria transmission settings in West Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 374-386页

作者： Constant G.N.Gbalegba Hampate Ba Kigbafori D.Silue Ousmane Ba Emmanuel Tia Mouhamadou Chouaibou Nathan T.Y.Tian-Bi Gre goire Y.Yapi Brama Kone Jurg Utzinger benjamin G.koudou Unite de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de la Nature Universite Nangui Abrogoua02 B.P.801Abidjan 02Cote d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d’Ivoire 01 B.P.1303Abidjan 01Cote d’Ivoire. Laboratoire de Parasitologie–Mycologie Institut National de Recherches en Sante PubliqueB.P.695NouakchottMauritania Unite de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences Universite Felix Houphouët-Boigny22 B.P.582Abidjan 22Cote d’Ivoire Centre d’Entomologie Me dicale et Veterinaire Universite Alassane Ouattara27 B.P.529Abidjan 27Cote d’Ivoire UniversitePe le foro Gon Coulibaly B.P.1328KorhogoCote d’Ivoire Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute P.O.BoxCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003 BaselSwitzerland Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK

countries in West Africa remain a hotspot for malaria with all age groups at *** carriers of Plasmodium *** important sources of infections for malaria vectors and thus contribute to the anchoring of the disease in favourable eco-epidemiological *** objective of this study was to assess the asymptomatic malaria case rates in Korhogo and Kaedi,two urban areas in northern Côte d’Ivoire and southern Mauritania,***:Cross-sectional surveys were carried out during the rainy season in 2014 and the dry season in 2015 in both *** each season,728 households were randomly selected and a household-based questionnaire was implemented to collect demographic and epidemiological data,including of malaria preventive methods used in ***-prick blood samples were obtained for biological examination using microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs).Results:Overall,2672 households and 15858 consenting participants were *** *** was confirmed in 12.4%(n=832)and 0.3%(n=22)of the assessed individuals in Korhogo and Kaedi,*** Korhogo,the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was 10.5%(95%CI:9.7-11.2)as determined by microscopy and 9.3%(95%CI:8.6-10.0%)when assessed by *** Kaedi,asymptomatic malaria prevalence was 0.2%(95%CI:0.1-0.4%)according to microscopy,while all RDTs performed were negative(n=8372).In Korhogo,asymptomatic malaria infection was significantly associated with age and season,with higher risk within the 5-14 years-old,and during the rainy *** Kaedi,the risk of asymptomatic malaria infection was associated with season only(higher during the dry season;crude OR(cOR):6.37,95%CI:1.87-21.63).*** was the predominant species identified in both study sites representing 99.2%(n=825)in Korhogo and 59.1%(n=13)in *** were observed only in Korhogo and only during the rainy season at 1.3%(95%CI:0.7-2.4%).Conclusions:Our findings show a low prevalence of c

关键词： Plasmodium spp. Asymptomatic carriers Urban area Rapid diagnostic tests Microscopy Côte d’Ivoire Mauritania Korhogo Kaedi

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