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Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus type 2(CPV2)reveals a high prevalence of the CPV2c genotype among dogs sufering from diarrhea

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Animal diseases 2024年第3期4卷 198-206页

作者： Sajid Umar di Gao Semin Kim Yixi Cheng Zhenkun Fang Qiu Zhongqi Weidong Yu benjamin d.anderson Global Health Research Center(GHRC) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina division of Natural&Applied Sciences(dNAS) Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshanChina Swine Business Unit MSD Animal HealthShanghaiChina Simba Pet Hospital(Tinglin Park Branch) Maanshan RoadKunshanSuzhou 215335Jiangsu ProvinceChina Play Pi Kangkang Pet Hospital Kunshan City Development ZoneKunshanSuzhou 215300Jiangsu ProvinceChina department of Environmental and Global Health College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaFloridaUSA

Canine parvovirus 2(CPV-2)is a highly contagious virus in dogs that typically causes hemorrhagic enteritis and a high mortality rate in unvaccinated *** genetic variability and antigenic diversity of CPV-2 hinder its efective prevention of infection by *** investigate the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of CPV-2 in China,rectal swabs from afected dogs were collected from diferent animal clinics in Kunshan from 2022 to *** detection and capsid gene sequencing of CPV-2 were performed using previously described primers and *** overall detection rate for CPV-2 was 16.5%(33/200).A signifcant association was found between the CPV-2-positivity and clinical signs,age,breed and vaccination *** analysis revealed the presence of CPV-2c genotypes in all positive samples,which were genetically similar to other Asian CPV-2c ***,four key mutations(A5G,F267Y,Y324I and Q370R)were detected in all isolates,and one novel mutation(I447M)was detected in three CPV-2 *** mutations in the CPV-2 strains could impact vaccine efcacy and the efectiveness of the virus immune ***,no recombination events were observed between the identifed CPV-2c strains and reference strains from *** data revealed that amino acid residues 324,426 and 440 of VP2 may under strong selection *** pattern of genetic variation in the CPV-2 lineage warrants continuous laboratory-based surveillance programs in other parts of China to better understand the pattern of seasonal distribution and association between emerging genotypes and the intensity of disease severity.

关键词： Canine parvovirus dogs Epidemiology Genetic diversity Phylogenetic analysis

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人腺病毒带来的威胁：中国是否需要制定以疫苗接种为主的预防策略

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中华预防医学杂志 2014年第12期48卷 1030-1034页

作者： benjamin d.anderson 马麦卷马蒙蒙陆家海 Gregory C.Gray duke Infectious diseases Duke Global Health InstituteDuke MedicineDurhamNC 27710USA 病原微生物安全国家重点实验室军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所中山大学公共卫生学院

全球范围内，人腺病毒是常见的导致呼吸道和肠道疾病暴发的病原体。中国人口超过13亿，有较长的人腺病毒流行与暴发记录史。中国第1次人腺病毒感染事件发生于1958年冬季，主要在北京和长春市的6个月至2岁的儿童中暴发了病毒性肺炎，造成... 详细信息

全球范围内，人腺病毒是常见的导致呼吸道和肠道疾病暴发的病原体。中国人口超过13亿，有较长的人腺病毒流行与暴发记录史。中国第1次人腺病毒感染事件发生于1958年冬季，主要在北京和长春市的6个月至2岁的儿童中暴发了病毒性肺炎，造成了16．6％～33．3％的感染儿童死亡，后确认为人腺病毒感染［1－2］。

关键词：人腺病毒中国人口预防策略疫苗接种腺病毒感染疾病暴发儿童死亡病毒性肺炎

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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and drug discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

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Anthropomorphic Control of a dexterous Artificial Hand via Task dependent Temporally Synchronized Synergies

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第2期11卷 236-248页

作者： benjamin A. Kcnt John Lavery Erik d. Engeberg department of Mechanical Engineering University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA department of Biomedical Engineering University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA

despite the recent influx of increasingly dexterous prostheses, there remains a lack of sufficiently intuitive control methods to fully utilize this dexterity. As a solution to this problem, a control framework is proposed which allows the control of an arbitrary number of degrees of Freedom （dOF） through a single electromyogram （EMG） control input. Initially, the joint motions of nine test subjects were recorded while grasping and catching a cylinder. Inherent differences emerged depending upon whether the cylinder was grasped or caught. These data were used to form a distinct synergy for each task, described as the families of parametric functions of time that share a mutual time vector. These two Temporally Synchronized Synergies （TSS） were derived to reflect the task dependent control strategies adopted by the initial participants. These synergies were then mapped to a dexterous artificial hand that was subsequently controlled by two subjects with transradial amputations. The EMG signals from these subjects were used to replace the time vector shared by the synergies, enabling the subjects to perform both tasks with a dexterous artificial hand using only a single EMG input. After a ten minute training period, the subjects learned to use the dexterous artificial hand to grasp and catch the cylinder with 100.0% and 65.0% average success rates, respectively.

关键词： electromyogram dexterous hands grasp synergy prosthetics sliding mode control

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Effects of temperature and SO_3 on re-emission of mercury from activated carbon under flue gas conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 67-73页

作者： Michael Royko benjamin Galloway Noah d.Meeks Bihter Padak department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina Southern Company Services Inc.600 18th Street North

Mercury(Hg) is a toxic and bio-accumulating heavy metal that is predominantly released via the combustion of coal. due to its toxicity, the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)has introduced Mercury and Air Toxics Standards(MATS) Rule regarding allowable Hg emissions. In order to reduce emissions, power plants have widely adopted activated carbon(AC) injection. AC injection has proven to be an effective method to reduce Hg emissions, but the re-emission of previously adsorbed Hg during unit operation, likely due to changing temperature or flue gas composition, could be problematic. This study specifically examined the effects of temperature and sulfur trioxide(SO3) concentration,by ramping temperature and SO3 concentration independently and simultaneously, on AC samples that are already exposed to flue gas and saturated in presence of Hg, sulfur dioxide(SO2) and nitric oxide(NO). Of these two suspected factors to cause re-emission,temperature had the greater impact and resulted in re-emission of both elemental and oxidized Hg with a greater fraction of oxidized Hg, which can be attributed to elemental Hg being more strongly bonded to the AC surface. Surprisingly, exposing the samples to increasing concentrations of SO3 had nearly no effect under the conditions examined in this study, possibly as a result of the samples being already saturated with sulfur prior to the SO3 ramp tests to simulate transient conditions in the plant.

关键词： Mercury re-emission Sulfur trioxide Activated carbon

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Taxonomic confusion of two tramp ant species： Iridomyrmex anceps and Ochetellus glaber are really species complexes

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 662-667页

作者： benjamin d. HOFFMANN Alan N. ANdERSEN Xiang ZHANG CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre PMB 44 Winnellie NT 0822 Australia College of Plant Protection Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China

Many invasive invertebrates belong to unresolved species complexes, and have a history of misidentification and in-appropriate management. Here we detail confusion surrounding the taxonomy and identification of two dolichoderine ant species, Iridomyrmex anceps Roger and OcheteUus glaber Mayr, which are commonly cited in the literature as having been spread widely by human commerce. We provide morphometric data and images strongly suggesting that these two ＂species＂ are instead com- plexes of species that are likely native to many regions where they are purportedly introduced. We take particular interest in the status of species referred to as L anceps and O. glaber in China, as this is the most northerly distribution of both genera. We con-clude by suggesting that many identifications of both species are likely to be unreliable, and we recommend against any manage- ment action aimed at controlling these species under the assumption that they are exotic [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 662-667, 2011].

关键词： Ant Exotic Invasive Invertebrate Management Tramp ant

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Modified shear cell for characterization of the rheological behavior of particulate networks under compression

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Particuology 2020年第4期18卷 1-9页

作者： Simon Hammerich Anthony d.Stickland benjamin Radel Marco Gleiss Hermann Nirschl Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute for Technology(KIT)Strasse am Forum 876131 KarlsruheGermany Particulate Fluids Processing Centre Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne3010Australia

Knowledge of the rheological behavior of saturated particulate networks is crucial for every process in which a particulate network is built-up,dewatered,or transported,as in a decanter ***,difficulties arise as to how to characterize the material *** far,no standardized method or measurement device has *** this work,the requirements for a useful device are discussed,followed by the design of a modified shear cell for a Schulze ring shear tester *** and its measurement *** experiments under normal load with different sediments consisting of inorganic and organic particles whose material properties strongly affect the rheological behavior were *** results demonstrate the potential of the modified shear ***,current challenges in characterization are *** characterization possibilities of the developed shear cell are a further step toward understanding the theological behavior of liquid-saturated particulate networks.

关键词： Sediment rheology Saturated particulate network Shear cell Shear compression Rheological behavior

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Once upon a time biomass burning in the western Alps: Nesting effects of climate and local drivers on long-term subalpine fires

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 257-266页

作者： Christopher Carcaillet benjamin Boulley Frederique Carcaillet Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPE(UMR LEHNA)F-69622VilleurbanneFrance Paris Sciences&Lettres University(PSL) Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes(EPHE)F-75014ParisFrance NaturCom Chair Universite de MontpellierF-34000MontpellierFrance MARBEC(Universite de Montpellier CNRSIfremerIRD)F-34000MontpellierFrance

Background:The present article questions the relative importance of local-and large-scale processes on the long-term dynamics of fire in the subalpine belt in the western *** study is based on soil charcoal dating and identification,several study sites in contrasting environmental conditions,and sampling of soil charcoal along the elevation gradient of each *** on local differences in biomass combustion,we hypothesize that local-scale or landscape-scale processes have driven the fire history,while combustion homogeneity supports the hypothesis of the importance of large-scale or macro-ecological processes,especially ***:Biomass burning during the Holocene resulted from the nesting effects of climate,land use,and altitude,but was little influenced by slope exposure(north versus south),soil(dryness,pH,depth),and *** mid-Holocene(6500–2700 cal BP)was an important period for climate-driven biomass burning in the subalpine ecosystems of the western Alps,while fires over the last 2500 years appear much more episodic,prompting us to speculate that human activity has played a vital role in their ***:Our working hypothesis that the strength of local drivers should offset the effects of regional climate is not *** homogeneity of the fire regime between sites thus underscores that climate was the main driver during the Holocene of the western ***-term subalpine fires are controlled by climate at the millennial *** conditions matter for little in determining variability at the century *** mid-Holocene was a chief period for climatic biomass burning in the subalpine zone,while fires during the late Holocene appear much more episodic,suggesting that social drivers has exercised key function on their control.

关键词： Biomass burning Subalpine forest Climate Landscape Pedoanthracology Radiocarbon dating Pyrogenic carbon

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diversity and biogeography of a species-rich ant fauna of the Australian seasonal tropics

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 519-526页

作者： Alan N. Andersen benjamin d. Hoffmann Stefanie Oberprieler CSIRO Land & Water Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre Darwin Austrafia Research Institute forthe Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Australia Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia

Although ants are an ecologically dominant and extensively studied faunal group throughout the tropics, there is a poor understanding of tropical ant diversity and distribution at large spatial scales. Here we use a collection developed from 3 decades of ant surveys to present the first analysis of ant diversity and biogeography of a large tropical region. Our objective was to document the species richness, composition, and biogeographic distributions of the ant fauna of the 400 000 km^2 ＂Top End＂ of Australia＇s Northern Territory. The known Top End ant fauna comprises 901 native species from 59 genera. The richest genera are Pheidole （90 species）, Melophorus （83）, Monomorium （83）, Camponotus （71）, Meranoplus （63）, Polyrhachis （57）, Rhytidoponera （50）, Tetramorium （43）, Cerapachys （32）, and Iridomyrmex （31）. The fauna is the center of diverse radiations within species-groups of genera such as Meranoplus, Rhytidoponera, and Leptogenys. It also includes IndoMalayan species that have likely bypassed the normal dispersal route into Australia through Cape York Peninsula in North Queensland. Faunistic similarity with other regions of far northern Australia is associated more with rainfall than with geographic proximity. Most （60%） of Top End ant species have not been recorded elsewhere, and, despite uncertainties relating to species delimitation and sampling intensity, this appears to be a credible estimate of the level of endemism. Such exceptionally high endemism can be attributed to the Top End＇s geographic isolation from other regions of northern Australia with comparably high rainfall.

关键词： endemism northern Australia Northern Territory species distribution tropical savanna

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Wildlife research in the developing world

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第2期4卷 159-160页

作者： Fuwen WEI benjamin d.BRAVERY Yan XIE Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina International Society of Zoological Sciences Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wildlife Conservation Society BeijingChina

Scientific research is a complex and challenging *** obstacles are faced in research on wildlife compared to other forms of research as the subjects under investigation must be located,monitored and data collected in what are often difficult and unpredictable ***,wildlife across the world are under *** growing problems such as climate change,invasive species,disease and wildlife trade,the need for quality research into wildlife is paramount.

关键词： environments. activity. threat

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