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The effectiveness of different wear indicators in quantifying wear on railway wheels of freight wagons

Railway Engineering Science 2024年第3期32卷 307-323页

作者： Philipe Augusto de Paula Pacheco m.magelli matheus Valente Lopes Pedro Henrique Alves Correa n.Zampieri n.Bosso Auteliano Antunes dos Santos Federal Institute of the Southeast of minas Gerais(IF Sudeste mG) Técnico PanamáStreet 45Santos DumontMG 36246-311Brazil Railway Laboratory(Lafer) Universidade Estadual de Campinas(UNICAMP)Mendeleyev Street 200CampinasSP 13083-872Brazil Department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico Di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TurinItaly

Railway infrastructure relies on the dynamic interaction between wheels and rails;thus,assessing wheel wear is a critical aspect of maintenance and *** paper focuses on the wheel-rail wear indicator T-gamma(Tγ).Amidst its use,it becomes apparent that Tγ,while valuable,fails to provide a comprehensive reflection of the actual material removal and actual contact format,which means that using only Tγas a target for optimization of profiles is not *** this work,three different freight wagons are evaluated:a meter-gauge and a broad-gauge heavy haul vehicles from South American railways,and a standard-gauge freight vehicle operated in Europe,with different axle loads and dissimilar new wheel/rail *** vehicles are subjected to comprehensive multibody simulations on various *** simulations aimed to elucidate the intricate relationship between different wear indicators:Tγ,wear index,material removal,and maximum wear depth,under diverse curves,non-compensated lateral accelerations(A_(nc)),and *** findings showed a correlation of 0.96 between Tγand wear depth and 0.82 between wear index and material removed for the outer *** the results,the Tγis better than the wear index to be used when analyzing wear depth while the wear index is more suited to foresee the material *** results also show the low influence of A_(nc)on wear index and Tγ.By considering these factors together,the study aims to improve the understanding of wheel-rail wear by selecting the best wear analysis approaches based on the effectiveness of each parameter.

关键词： Wear index Wear volume Wear modeling Dynamic simulation

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Gabor Analysis on Finite Product of Cyclic Groups

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Journal of mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第4期44卷 521-532页

作者： Jineesh THOmAS n.m.madhavan nAmBOOTHIRI Ajo JOSE Research Scholar of mathematics St.Thomas College Palai Professor and Principal Government Arts & Science College Idukki

We present a complete characterization of Gabor frame operators on finite dimensional Hilbert space L2（Γ）,where■and m1,m2,...,mpare positive *** notion of generalized B-modulation and generalized B-translation is ... 详细信息

关键词： Gabor frame Gabor frame operator modulation translation

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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo L.Peri Juan Gaitán matías mastrangelo marcelo nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel Balducci martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia marina González Polo Silvina manrique Pablo A.meglioli Julián Rodríguez-Souilla martín mónaco Jimena E.Chaves Ariel medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi maría Paula Barral Axel von müller norberto m.Pahr Josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández marina morsucci Dardo López Juan manuel Cellini Leandro Alvarez Ignacio Barberis Hernán Colomb Ludmila La manna Sebastián Barbaro Cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco Laura Cavallero Gualberto Zalazar Guillermo martínez Pastur Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (InTA) Universidad nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UnPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad nacional de Luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) CCT San Luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y medioambiente (InIBIOmA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en maderas (LImAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques nacionales (APn) Parque Nacional Los Alerces Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (CEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background The nationally determined contribution（nDC） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United nations Framework Conven-tion on Climate Change（UnFCCC） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOC） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission Levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. The objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOC stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOC stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOC native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOC. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. To determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（LST） images from Landsat *** SOC model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. Total mean SOC stock reached 2.81 Pg C（2.71–2.84 Pg C with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity native forest Climate change mitigation modelling Resilience

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A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria Luzón nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-López Jose m.moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco Herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(mL)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows mL models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different mL approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

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Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in Rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero Lenzi José P.B.Silva Břetislav Šmíd Vladimir matoín Cosmin m.Istrate Corneliu Ghica Judith L.macmanus-Driscoll Luís marques Physics Center of minho and Porto Universities(CF-Um-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal Laboratory of Physics for materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic national Institute of materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania Department of materials Science and metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

Rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(DFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** DFT calculations also show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of V_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

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Astrophysical S-factor and reaction rate for 15n(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： S.B.Dubovichenko A.S.Tkachenko R.Ya.Kezerashvili n.A.Burkova B.m.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan new York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate School and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh national University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

We study radiative p^(15)n capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(mPCm)with forbidden states,including low-lying *** investigation of the ^(15)n(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)S_(1) resonances due to E1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)P_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)n channel due to the ^(3)P_(1)→^(3)P_(0)m1 *** calculated the astrophysical low-energy S-factor,and the extrapolated S(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 keV·*** important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)n(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)S_(1)(312)and ^(3)S_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the S-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is *** reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing *** has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)S_(1)(312)and ^(3)S_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CnO Gamow windows,especially at low *** estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from ***.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=*** present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)n(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)n(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)n(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)n(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the mPCm and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)n system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CnO-cycle

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Association of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) with Factors Related to maternal Health and Pregnancy in newborns in Puerto Rico

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 19-31页

作者： Yamixa Delgado Caliani Gaytan naydi Perez Eric miranda Bryan Colón morales mónica Santos Biochemistry&Pharmacology Department San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguas00726Puerto Rico Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico Department of Internal medicine University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico

Background:Given the pervasive issues of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and the broader United States,there is a compelling need to investigate the intricate interplay among body mass index(BmI),pregesta-tional,and gestational maternal diabetes,and their potential impact on the occurrence of congenital heart defects(CHD)during neonatal ***:Using the comprehensive System of Vigilance and Surveillance of Congenital Defects in Puerto Rico,we conducted a focused analysis on neonates diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and *** assessment encompassed a range of variables,including maternal age,gestational age,BmI,pregestational diabetes,gestational diabetes,hypertension,history of abortion,and presence of ***:A cohort of 673 patients was included in our *** average maternal age was 26 years,within a range of 22 to 32 *** mean gestational age measured 39 weeks,with a median span of 38 to 39 *** the 673 patients,274(41%)mothers gave birth to neonates diagnosed with *** this group,22 cases were linked to pre-gestational diabetes,while 202 were not;20 instances were associated with gestational diabetes,compared to 200 without;and 148 cases exhibited an overweight or obese BmI,whereas 126 displayed a normal ***:We identiﬁed a statistically signiﬁcant correlation between pre-gestational diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of ***,our analysis did not show a statistically signiﬁcant association between maternal BmI and the likelihood of *** results may aid in developing effective strategies to prevent and manage CHD in neonates.

关键词： Congenital heart defects(CHD) obesisty maternal health diabetes body mass index(BmI)

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Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport membranes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： marwan Laqdiem Julio García-Fayos Laura Almar Alfonso J.Carrillo Álvaro Represa Josém.López nieto Sonia Escolástico David Catalán-martinez Jose m.Serra Instituto de Tecnología Química(Universitat Politècnica de València–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biomass and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OTms)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OTms could provide oxygen from different sources(air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTms can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OTm material(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the emerging Joule effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OTm is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes was~3.7 nmL min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OTm non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depositing a porous Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane surface revealed that lower surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed electric ***,the electrification concept was demonstrated in a catalytic membrane reactor(CmR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching moderate temperatures in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes Joule effect mixed ionic-electronic conductors Catalytic membrane reactors

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Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： m.A.Y.Fernando n.S.madarasinghe C.Rangana n.Weerasinghe D.C.U.D.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake Department of medical microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka medical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to may,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to may,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITD/VDPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VDPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VDPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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Tilted global solar irradiance in Bahrain:an experimental study

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： n.Vasilikos C.Georgantopoulou H.Alajaimi S.H.Almajed m.Ahmed D.mathioulakis School of mechanical Engineering Bahrain PolytechnicIsa TownPO Box 33349Kingdom of Bahrain School of mechanical Engineering National Technical University of AthensHeroon Polytechniou 7 StZografos 15773AthensGreece

In the present work,tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analysed,measured for a period of 1 year on the campus of Bahrain Polytechnic,Kingdom of Bahrain,from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar *** fixed panel faces south with an angle of 26°with respect to the horizontal,coinciding with the local geographical *** second panel is moved by two motors,controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so that the Sun’s rays are perpendicular to the panel surface.A pyranometer is installed on each panel,recording the tilted global solar irradiance,stored by using a data *** analysis of the data obtained shows a 33%solar energy gain on an annual basis for the moving panel(2780 versus 2088 kWh/m^(2) on the fixed panel).more importantly,in June,when the energy demand in Bahrain is elevated due to the increased residential cooling loads,the solar energy received by the moving panel is 54.7%higher compared with that of the fixed *** a percentage basis,the increase in solar energy from the moving panel is profound in the early morning and late evening ***,the reduction in the solar energy received by the fixed panel from may to June does not appear in the moving panel because of the adjustable orientation of the *** the year,the mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m^(2) for the fixed panel,and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m^(2) for the moving *** winter,solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weather conditions that present a peak standard deviation of 28%of the corresponding *** data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries.

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking photovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

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