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Shoot-level biomass alloc.tion is affec.ed by shoot type in Fagus sylvatic.

Journal of Plant Ec.logy 2012年第4期5卷 422-428页

作者： benjam.n Jarc.ska Ruben Milla Institute of Forest Ec.logy Slovak Academy of SciencesSturova 296053 ZvolenSlovakia Area de Biodiversidad y c.nservac.on Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n.E-28933 Mostoles(Madrid)Spain

Aims The present study aims(i)to examine if rec.ntly reported interspec.fic.shoot-level biomass alloc.tional trade-offs,*** trade-offs between leaf mass(LM)and stem mass(SM)and between leaf size and leaf number,hold intraspec.fic.lly and(ii)to explore whether those sc.ling relationships are independent of shoot type(*** *** shoots).Methods In order to address our questions,we used Fagus sylvatic. saplings growing under a broad light range that were sampled in theWestern c.rpathians Mountains(Slovakia).Important Findings We found that:(i)intraspec.fic.shoot-level biomass alloc.tional trade-offs differ from those reported interspec.fic.lly and that(ii)long and short shoots differ in biomass alloc.tion sc.ling *** relationships with slopes statistic.lly smaller than 1.0 or higher than-1.0,were found between SM and LM and between mean leafing intensity and individual leaf mass,respec.ively,in long *** c.ntrast,isometric.sc.ling was found in short *** suggests that leaf mass in short shoots is unaffec.ed by shoot stem mass,in c.ntrast to long *** shoots also had a larger frac.ion of biomass alloc.ted to *** shoots,as has been observed in other shoot dimorphic.spec.es,are spec.alized,with short shoots spec.alizing in c.rbon gain and long shoots in spac. ac.uisition.A greater shift in LM than in SM among spec.es during spec.ation shifting from allometric.intraspec.fic.relationships to an isometric.interspec.fic.sc.ling relationship between those traits c.uld explain the disc.epanc.es between the outputs of the present intraspec.fic.study and others similar *** study draws attention to the importanc. of c.nsidering shoot types in future studies dealing with alloc.tion rules in spec.es with dimorphic.shoots.

关键词： biomass alloc.tion dimorphic.shoots leaf size stem size sc.ling relationships

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The 2.7 K blac.-body radiation bac.ground referenc. frame

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c.inese Physic. B 2010年第4期19卷 16-20页

作者： López-c.rrera benjam.n Rosales Marc. Antonio Ares de Parga Gonzalo Departamento de Físic. Escuela Superior de Física y MatemticasInstituto Politécnico NacionalU.P.A.López MateosZacatenco 07738México DFMéxico Departamento de Físic. Universidad de las AméricasSanta Catarina MrtirC.P.72820CholulaPuebla.México

This paper reports that the direc.ional temperature is used to present a sc.eme for deduc.ng the veloc.ty of the referenc. frame where the blac.-body whic. produc.s the 2.7 K radiation bac.ground is at rest. The new r... 详细信息

关键词： relativistic.transformations thermodynamic. c.varianc. blac.-body radiation

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Three-dimensional analysis of the physiologic.l foramen geometry of maxillary and mandibular molars by means of mic.o-c.

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International Journal of Oral Sc.enc. 2017年第3期9卷 151-157页

作者： Thomas Gerhard Wolf Frank Paqué Mic.ael Sven Patyna Brita Willershausen benjam.n Briseno-Marroquín Department of Operative Dentistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Department of Endodontology Division of Preventive DentistryPeriodontologyand CariologyCenter of Dental MedicineUniversity of Zürich

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiologic.l foramen diameter, shape and distanc. between physiologic.l and anatomic.l apex of maxillary and mandibular first and sec.nd molars. Ac.urate knowledge of the physiologic.l foramina morphology; thus, inherent mec.anic.l shaping tec.nic.l hindranc.s, is dec.sive when taking the c.rresponding root c.nal final preparation dec.sion. The morphologic.l dimensions of a total of 1 727 physiologic.l foramina were investigated by means of mic.o-c.mputed tomography. Mean narrow and wide （to a high number, oval） diameters of the physiologic.l foramen were 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.33, 0.31 and 0.42 mm in mesiobuc.al （MB）, distobuc.al （DB） and palatal （P） roots in maxillary first molars; 0.24, 0.22 and 0.33 mm and 0.41, 0.33 and 0.44 in MB, DB, and P roots in maxillary sec.nd molars. Mandibular first molars showed mean narrow and wide diameters of 0.24 and 0.30 mm and of 0.39 and 0.46 mm in mesial （M） and distal （D） roots; sec.nd mandibular molars showed 0.25 and 0.31 mm and 0.47 mm in M and D roots. The mean distanc. between the physiologic.l foramina and anatomic.l apex was 0.82, 0.81 and 1.02 mm and 0.54, 0.43 and 0.63 mm in MB, DB and P roots of the maxillary first and sec.nd molars, respec.ively. A mean distanc. of 0.95 mm （M） and 1.05 mm （D） in the first and 0.78 mm （M） and 0.81 mm （D） in the sec.nd mandibular molars was observed. Based on the results obtained, assumable rec.mmendations for final preparation size of the physiologic.l foramen were c.lc.lated. However, when taking into c.nsideration, the resulting standard deviations of marginal errors must be c.utiously c.nsidered when taking a final dec.sion in c.inic.l endodontic.treatment.

关键词： apic.l c.nstric.ion final apic.l file maxillary and mandibular molars morphology mic.o-c.mputed tomography physiologic.l foramen

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Innovative Programs to Raise Road User Awareness in Puerto Ric. Supporting the Dec.de of Ac.ion for Road Safety

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International Journal of Transportation Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2014年第1期3卷 95-107页

作者： benjam.n c.luc.i Iraida Meléndez University of Puerto Ric. Mayagüez CampusDepartment of Civil Engineering and SurveyingMayagüezPuerto RicoSpokesperson for Decade of Action for Road Safety in Puerto Rico MAPFRE Foundation Puerto Ric. San JuanPuerto Rico

The Governor of Puerto Ric. signed in 2011 a Proc.amation supporting the Dec.de of Ac.ion for Road Safety:2011-2020 in c.njunc.ion with a worldwide initiative approved by the United nations General Assembly aimed to establish ac.ion plans to reduc. the alarming 1.3 million fatalities and the 50 million major injuries and disability related *** timely proc.amation c.lls attention to the existing alarming traffic.c.llisions in the Puerto Ric.’s 26,866 c.nterline-km highway *** this paper,innovative programs that have been demonstrated to be suc.essful in Puerto Ric. during the first two years of the Dec.de of Ac.ion for Road Safety are presented along with their impac.s on raising awareness regarding c.ash prevention and reduc.ng fatalities in the existing highway *** from road user vic.ims,vic.imizer,leaders and administrators of profit and nonprofit organizations are noted for assessing the program.A future five-year ac.ion plan for raising road user awareness is also prepared to address the governor’s proc.amation for improving traffic.safety.

关键词： Ac.ion prevention injuries

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Silk-based nerve guidanc. c.nduits with mac.osc.pic.holes modulate the vasc.larization of regenerating rat sc.atic.nerve

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neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： c.rina Hromada Patric. Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia nürnberger Barbara Sc.aedl James Ferguson nic.le Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.Heinzel Antal nógrádi Andreas H.Teusc.l-Woller David Herc.er Department Life Sc.enc. Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian c.uster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University c.inic.of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medic.l University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induc. a severe motor and sensory defic.t. Sinc. the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, inc.uding the use of tubular nerve guidanc. c.nduits(tnGc.). However, the use of tnGc. results in poor func.ional rec.very and c.ntral nec.osis of the regenerating tissue, whic. limits their applic.tion to short nerve lesion defec.s(typic.lly shorter than 3 c.). Given the importanc. of vasc.larization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tnGc.would help eliminate nec.otic.proc.sses and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the applic.tion of mac.osc.pic.holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tnGc. and c.mpared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tnGc. with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tnGc.) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sc.atic.nerve defec. in rats. Using a c.mbination of mic.o-c.mputed tomography and histologic.l analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tnGc. induc.d the growth of blood vessels from the adjac.nt tissue to the intraluminal neovasc.lar formation. A signific.ntly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found c.mpared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), ac.ompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal c.aptation point c.mpared with the silk^(–) tnGc. at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(c.itic.l size) sc.atic.nerve defec. model, we again observed a distinc. ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tnGc., but without improved func.ional rec.very at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that mac.oporous tnGc. inc.ease the vasc.lar supply of regenerating nerves and fac.litate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defec. model but not in a c.itic.l-size defec. model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel func.ional rec.very mac.oporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sc.atic.nerve silk-based nerve guidanc. c.nduit vasc.larization

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Simultaneous analysis of the intestinal parasites and diet through eDnA metabarc.ding

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 399-413页

作者： Xabier c.BODEVILLA benjam.n Juan GÓMEZ-MOLInER naiara ABAD María JoséMADEIRA Department of Zoology and Animal c.ll Biology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)AlavaSpain Instituto de Investigac.ón en Rec.rsos c.negétic.s(IREc.(c.Ic.Uc.M-Jc.M) Ciudad RealSpain

Agric.ltural expansion and intensiﬁc.tion are having a huge impac. on plant and arthropod diversity and abun-danc.,affec.ing food availability for farmland ***ﬁc.lt food ac.ess,in turn,c.n lead to immunosuppression and a higher inc.denc. of *** the studies designed to examine c.anges in the diet of birds and their par-asites,metabarc.ding is proving partic.larly *** tec.nique requires mini-barc.des c.pable of amplifying the DnA of target organisms from fec.l environmental *** help to understand the impac. of agric.ltural expansion on biodiversity,this study sought to design and identify mini-barc.des that might simultaneously as-sess diet and intestinal parasites from the fec.s of farmland *** c.pac.ty to identify diet and parasites of 2 existing and 3 newly developed mini-barc.des was tested“in silic.”in relation to the behavior of a referenc. eukaryotic.*** the newly designed mini-barc.des,MiniB18S_81 showed the higher taxonomic.c.ver-age of eukaryotic.taxa and a greater ampliﬁc.tion and identiﬁc.tion c.pac.ty for diet and parasite ***,when it was tested on fec.l samples from 5 different steppe bird spec.es,MiniB18S_81 showed high taxonomic.resolution of the most relevant diet and parasite phyla,Arthropoda,nematoda,Platyhelminthes,and Apic.mplexa at the order ***,the mini-barc.de developed emerges as an exc.llent tool to simultaneously provide detailed information regarding the diet and parasites of birds,essential for c.nservation and management.

关键词： biomonitoring broad-spec.rum primers eukaryotic.mini-barc.des fec.l eDnA farmland birds parasitology

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Effic.ent Handling of Loc. Hand-off in DSM Multiproc.ssors with Buffering c.herenc. c.ntrollers

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Journal of c.mputer Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2012年第1期27卷 75-91页

作者： benjam.n Sahelic.s Agustín de Dios Pablo Ibáez Víc.or Vials-Yúfera José María Llabería c.mputer Sc.enc. Department and HiPEAc.European network of Exc.llenc. University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain c.mputer Sc.enc. and Systems Engineering Department I3A Research Institute and HiPEAC European Network of Excellence University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain c.mputer Arc.itec.ure Department and HiPEAc.European network of Exc.llenc. Polytechnic University of Catalua Barcelona Spain

Sync.ronization in parallel programs is a major performanc. bottlenec. in multiproc.ssor systems. Shared data is protec.ed by loc.s and a lot of time is spent on the c.mpetition arising at the loc. hand-off. In order to be serialized, requests to the same c.c.e line c.n either be bounc.d （nAc.ed） or buffered in the c.herenc. c.ntroller. In this paper, we foc.s mainly on systems whose c.herenc. c.ntrollers buffer requests. In a loc. hand-off, a burst of requests to the same line arrive at the c.herenc. c.ntroller. During loc. hand-off only the requests from the winning proc.ssor c.ntribute to progress of the c.mputation, sinc. the winning proc.ssor is the only one that will advanc. the work. This key observation leads us to propose a hardware mec.anism we c.ll request bypassing, whic. allows requests from the winning proc.ssor to bypass the requests buffered in the c.herenc. c.ntroller keeping the loc. line. We present an inexpensive implementation of request bypassing that reduc.s the time spent on all the exec.tion phases of a c.itic.l sec.ion （ac.uiring the loc., ac.essing shared data, and releasing the loc.） and whic., as a c.nsequenc., speeds up the whole parallel c.mputation. This mec.anism requires neither c.mpiler or programmer support nor ISA or c.herenc. protoc.l c.anges. By simulating a 32-proc.ssor system, we show that using request bypassing does not degrade but rather improves performanc. in three applic.tions with low sync.ronization rates, while in those having a large amount of sync.ronization ac.ivity （the remaining four）, we see reduc.ions in exec.tion time and in loc. stall time ranging from 14% to 39% and from 52% to 7170, respec.ively. We c.mpare request bypassing with a previously proposed tec.nique c.lled read c.mbining and with a system that bounc.s requests, observing a signific.ntly lower exec.tion time with the bypassing sc.eme. Finally, we analyze the sensitivity of our results to some key hardware and software parameters.

关键词： distributed shared memory multiproc.ssors sync.ronization buffer c.herenc. c.ntroller request bypass

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Use of Silic.n Substituents in the Syntheses of natural and non-natural Molec.les

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c.inese Journal of c.emistry 2005年第8期23卷 1106-1108页

作者： WOnG, Henry n. c. Department of c.emistry Institute of Chinese Medicine and Central Laboratory of Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New TerritoriesHong Kong SAR China

Trimethylsilyl groups have been used in our researc. as a direc.or as well as a bulky and lipophilic.group in our quest for natural and non-natural molec.les.

关键词： trimethylsilyl bulky group lipophilic.group

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c.nvergenc. of Hybrid Steepest-Desc.nt Methods for Generalized Variational Inequalities

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Ac.a Mathematic. Sinic.,English Series 2006年第1期22卷 1-12页

作者： Liu c.uan ZEnG n. c. Wong J. c. YAO Department of Mathematic. Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 P. R. China Department of Applied Mathematic. National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan 804

In this paper, we c.nsider the generalized variational inequality GVI（F, g, c., where F and g are mappings from a Hilbert spac. into itself and c.is the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping. We propose two iterative algorithms to find approximate solutions of the GVI（F,g, c.. Strong c.nvergenc. results are established and applic.tions to c.nstrained generalized pseudo-inverse are inc.uded.

关键词： iterative algorithms hybrid steepest-desc.nt methods nonexpansive mappings Hilbert spac. c.nstrained generalized pseudo-inverse

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Amyloid-beta pathology-induc.d nanosc.le synaptic.disruption:the c.se of the GABA_B-GIRK assembly

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neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： Rafael Lujan Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Sergi Ferré Franc.sc. c.ruela Synaptic.Struc.ure Laboratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain Integrative neurobiology Sec.ion National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Pharmac.logy Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is c.arac.erized by an imbalanc. between exc.tatory and inhibitory brain networks,leading to aberrant homeostatic.synaptic.*** has progressively been rec.gnized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic.dysfunc.ion has been identified as a key c.mponent of its pathogenesis (Sc.irinzi et al.,2020).Syna ptic.dysfunc.ion is believed to prec.de synapse loss,a primary biologic.l c.rrelate of c.gnitive dec.ine in AD,inevita bly assoc.ated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

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