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Simultaneous analysis of the intestinal parasites and diet through eDnA metabarcoding

Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 399-413页

作者： Xabier CABODEVILLA benjamín juan gómez-moliner naiara ABAD María JoséMADEIRA Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)AlavaSpain Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos(IREC)(CSIC-UCLM-JCCM) Ciudad RealSpain

Agricultural expansion and intensiﬁcation are having a huge impact on plant and arthropod diversity and abun-dance,affecting food availability for farmland birds.Difﬁcult food access,in turn,can lead to immunosuppression and a higher incidence of parasites.In the studies designed to examine changes in the diet of birds and their par-asites,metabarcoding is proving particularly useful.This technique requires mini-barcodes capable of amplifying the DnA of target organisms from fecal environmental DnA.To help to understand the impact of agricultural expansion on biodiversity,this study sought to design and identify mini-barcodes that might simultaneously as-sess diet and intestinal parasites from the feces of farmland birds.The capacity to identify diet and parasites of 2 existing and 3 newly developed mini-barcodes was tested“in silico”in relation to the behavior of a reference eukaryotic barcode.Among the newly designed mini-barcodes,MiniB18S_81 showed the higher taxonomic cover-age of eukaryotic taxa and a greater ampliﬁcation and identiﬁcation capacity for diet and parasite taxa.Moreover,when it was tested on fecal samples from 5 different steppe bird species,MiniB18S_81 showed high taxonomic resolution of the most relevant diet and parasite phyla,Arthropoda,nematoda,Platyhelminthes,and Apicomplexa at the order level.Thus,the mini-barcode developed emerges as an excellent tool to simultaneously provide detailed information regarding the diet and parasites of birds,essential for conservation and management.

关键词： biomonitoring broad-spectrum primers eukaryotic mini-barcodes fecal eDnA farmland birds parasitology

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Collapse of the endemic lizard Podarcis pityusensis on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 295-303页

作者： Elba MOnTES Fred KRAUS Brahim CHERgUI juan M.PLEgUEZUELOS Department of Zoology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Valenciac/Dr.Moliner50BurjassotE-46100 ValenciaSpain Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Laboratoire Ecologie SystématiqueConservation de la BiodiversitéFacultédes Sciences de TétouanUniversitéAbdelmalek EssaâdiBP 2121 El M’HannechTétouanMorocco Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesGranada UniversityGranada E-18071Spain

The invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis colonized the island of Ibiza(Balearic Islands)in 2003 as stowaways inside trunks of olive trees imported for gardening.It has quickly spread since 2010,posing a threat to the island’s only remaining endemic vertebrate,the Ibiza wall lizard Podarcis pityusensis.We map the yearly expansion rate of the snake and estimate via transect surveys how severely it affects the distribution and abundance of the endemic lizard.As well,we surveyed 9 of 30 small lizard populations on islets surrounding Ibiza that have been isolated since the Last glacial Maximum.Snakes had invaded 49%of Ibiza’s land area by 2018,and censuses show a critical contrast in lizard abundance between areas with and without snakes;almost all censuses in areas without snakes show lizard presence whereas nearly all censuses in areas with H.hippocrepis lack lizard sightings.Moreover,at least one subspecies previously thriving on one of the offshore islets has become extinct,and there have been several snakes recorded swimming between Ibiza and the surrounding islets.Therefore,lizard populations have been dramatically reduced or have vanished within the range of the snake,and our results quantitatively support upgrading this species’threat level for extinction.This study can inform to programs to manage invasive snake populations and to conservation actions to recover the endemic lizard.

关键词： Balearic Islands conservation extinction Hemorrhois hippocrepis lizard census

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Reproduction ecology of the recently invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis on the island of Ilbiza Elba

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Current Zoology 2020年第4期66卷 363-371页

作者： Elba MonTES Monica FERICHE Leticia Ruiz-SUEIRo Esmeralda ALAMInos juan M.Pleguezuelos Department of Zoology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Valenciac/Dr.Moliner50BurjassotValencia E-46100Spain Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesGranada UniversityGranada E-18071Spain Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution Butantan InstituteUniversity of Sao PauloAv.Vital Brazil1.500ButantaE-05503900Sao PauloBrasil Department of Sciences Granada Sciences ParkGranadaSpain*Address correspondence to Elba Montes

Knowing the causes of biological invasion success can be relevant to combat future invasive processes.The recent invasion of the horseshoe whip snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis on the island of Ibiza provides the opportunity to compare natural history traits between invasive and source populations,and to unravel what makes this snake a successful invader that is threatening the only endemic vertebrate of the island,Podarcis pityusensis.This study compares the basic reproductive traits of mainland native and invasive populations of the snake.Our results revealed that invasive populations were characterized by female maturity at a smaller size,extended reproductive period,and much lower reproduction frequency compared to the native population.In contrast,some major reproductive traits--the abdominal fat body cycle,clutch size,hatchling body size,and hatchling body condition,did not differ between the two populations.Some of these results must reflect the environmental differences in the recently invaded island with respect to the source area,and overall plasticity of reproductive traits.Plasticity is evolutionarily interesting,and may aid the succesful growth of this species in their invasiveness of Mediterranean islands like Ibiza.The most significant finding is that this expression of phenotypic plasticity occurred rapidly in this invasive population,within a period of 14 years maximum.Our results on the reproduction ecology of the invasive population were not conclusive regarding the factors determining the invasiveness of the snake and pointed to alternative causes.

关键词： lbiza invasion sucess islands reproduction frequency.snakes

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