检索结果-南通市图书馆

Home range variability,spatial aggregation,and excursions of Akodon azarae and Oligoryzomys flavescens in Pampean agroecosystems

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 401-415页

作者： Irene GOROSITO Ailén benÍtez Maria BUSCH Laboratorio de Ecología de PoblacionesFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Airesand Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos AiresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Airesand Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos AiresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina

Rodents are reservoirs of various types of hantavirus,some of which are agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans.Each hantavirus is associated with a single rodent host species but successive spill-over events may eventually lead to host-switching and new species’becoming host of a given pathogen.This study aims to gain an understanding of the spatial ecology of two hantavirus-host species,Akodon azarae,and Oligoryzomys flavescens,by identifying factors modulating their home range sizes and stability,and by evaluating intra-and interspecific spatial aggregation for these species and a third one—Oxymycterus rufus—living in sympatry.For this,eleven capture-mark-recapture surveys were carried out,spanning 22 months.We found that A.azarae males have larger and more mobile home ranges than females,independently of the season.Consequently,males could likely have a more relevant role in the transmission of hantavirus because of their greater exposure both to a higher number of contacts between individuals and viral contamination of the environment.Contrasting,O.flavescens individuals showed negligible displacements of their home range through time,which could limit the range of hantavirus spread in host populations.Since O.flavescens is host to Lechiguanas hantavirus(pathogenic to humans)this result encompasses epidemiological relevance,for it may imply the existence of local foci of infection.Additionally,individuals of both species performed excursions outside their home ranges.These events could enable hantavirus spread over distances beyond the normal range of movements and lead to new hantavirus outbreaks in formerly non-infected rodent populations,favoring the persistence of the virus in nature.

关键词： hantavirus home range intra-and interspecific contact rodent spatial ecology

Influence of soil and elevation on roadside cryptogam diversity in the tropical Andes

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 639-646页

作者： Paul Salinas Marina Mazon Vinicio Carrion-Paladines nixon Cumbicus Patricio Guzman Paolo Giordani Angel benítez Maestría en Biología de la Conservacion y Ecología Tropical Universidad Tecnica Particular deLojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y Biodiversidad–CITIAB Universidad Nacional de LojaCiudadela Universitariasector La ArgeliaEC 110101LojaEcuador Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Tropicales-BIETROP Herbario HUTPLDepartamento de Ciencias Biologicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Departament of Pharmacy University of GenoaViale Cembrano 416148GenoaItaly

Background: The deforestation caused by road construction is one of the main drivers for both biodiversity and function loss in tropical ecosystems. Terricolous cryptogams are pioneers in colonizing roadside and they are limited by environmental and edaphic factors, thus, cryptogams may act as pioneers for ecosystem rehabilitation at roadside.Methods: This research was aimed at determining the diversity and composition of terricolous cryptogams, as well as their relationship with elevation and soil properties among roadside of the tropical Andes of Ecuador, in order to establish indicator species of this anthropized ecosystems. Five elevations were selected and in each one 50grids of 20 cm×30 cm were sampled(250 in total along the road), where occurrence, cover and identification of every cryptogam species were recorded. To evaluate the effect of elevation and soil properties on cryptogam richness, a linear model was conducted. Species composition among elevations was compared by non-metric multidimensional scaling(nMDS), and their relationship with the environmental variables through a correlation with adjusted axes was performed. A total of 72 species were recorded, those being 44 bryophytes and 28lichens. Species richness and composition of terricolous cryptogams were influenced by elevation and soil properties, thus the richness is higher at elevations E1, E2 and E3(2600, 2200 and 1800 m a.s.l.), differing from low elevations E4 and E5(1400 and 1000 m a.s.l.). Higher elevations with specific soil conditions(e.g bulk density, nitrogen and silt) harbored different cryptogam communities than those in lower elevations.Conclusions: A combination of both elevation and soil properties are shaping the colonization by terricolous cryptogams commnunities. As such, 18 species were identified as the best indicators for all sets of environmental conditions at the roadside, which can therefore be considered for monitoring ecological processes in tropical areas. Use of biocrusts for restoration is an emerging field. If impl

关键词： Bryophytes Indicator species Beta diversity Lichens Richness Ecuador

Unraveling the morphological patterns of a subantarctic eelpout:a geometric morphometric approach

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 372-384页

作者： Fernanda S.ORREGO Mathias HÜnE Hugo A.benÍtez Mauricio F.LAnDAETA Laboratorio de Ictiología e Interacciones Biofísicas(LABITI) Instituto de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ValparaísoValparaísoChile Centro de Investigación para la Conservación de los Ecosistemas Australes(ICEA) Punta ArenasChile Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile Centro de Observación Marino para Estudios de Riesgos del Ambiente Costero(COSTA-R) Universidad de ValparaísoViña del MarChile Millennium nucleus for Ecology and Conservation of Temperate Mesophotic Reef Ecosystems(nUTME) Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems(BASE) SantiagoChile

Phenotypic variation in organisms depends on the genotype and the environmental constraints of the habitat that they exploit.Therefore,for marine species inhabiting contrasting aquatic conditions,it is expected toﬁnd covari-ation between the shape and its spatial distribution.We studied the morphology of the head and cephalic sensory canals of the eelpout Austrolycus depressiceps(4.5–22.5 cm TL)across its latitudinal distribution in South Paciﬁc(45°S–55°S).Geometric morphometric analyses show that the shape varied from individuals with larger snout and an extended suborbital canal to individuals with shorter snouts and frontally compressed suborbital canal.There was size variation across the sampled populations,but that size does not have a clear latitudinal gradient.Only 8%of the shape variation relates to this size variation(allometry),represented by a decrease in the relative size of the eye,and a depression of the posterior margin of the head.There were spatial differences in the shape of the head,but these differences were probably caused by allometric effects.Additionally,2 of the canals of the cephalic lateralis pores and the head shape showed modularity in its development.This study shows that the morphology of marineﬁsh with a shallow distribution varies across distances of hundreds of kilometers(i.e.,phenotypic modulation).

关键词： Austrolycus depressiceps geometric morphometrics morphology phenotype spatial distribution

Simultaneous analysis of the intestinal parasites and diet through eDnA metabarcoding

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 399-413页

作者： Xabier CABODEVILLA benjamín Juan GÓMEZ-MOLInER naiara ABAD María JoséMADEIRA Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)AlavaSpain Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos(IREC)(CSIC-UCLM-JCCM) Ciudad RealSpain

Agricultural expansion and intensiﬁcation are having a huge impact on plant and arthropod diversity and abun-dance,affecting food availability for farmland birds.Difﬁcult food access,in turn,can lead to immunosuppression and a higher incidence of parasites.In the studies designed to examine changes in the diet of birds and their par-asites,metabarcoding is proving particularly useful.This technique requires mini-barcodes capable of amplifying the DnA of target organisms from fecal environmental DnA.To help to understand the impact of agricultural expansion on biodiversity,this study sought to design and identify mini-barcodes that might simultaneously as-sess diet and intestinal parasites from the feces of farmland birds.The capacity to identify diet and parasites of 2 existing and 3 newly developed mini-barcodes was tested“in silico”in relation to the behavior of a reference eukaryotic barcode.Among the newly designed mini-barcodes,MiniB18S_81 showed the higher taxonomic cover-age of eukaryotic taxa and a greater ampliﬁcation and identiﬁcation capacity for diet and parasite taxa.Moreover,when it was tested on fecal samples from 5 different steppe bird species,MiniB18S_81 showed high taxonomic resolution of the most relevant diet and parasite phyla,Arthropoda,nematoda,Platyhelminthes,and Apicomplexa at the order level.Thus,the mini-barcode developed emerges as an excellent tool to simultaneously provide detailed information regarding the diet and parasites of birds,essential for conservation and management.

关键词： biomonitoring broad-spectrum primers eukaryotic mini-barcodes fecal eDnA farmland birds parasitology

Conversion of Andean montane forest to exotic forest plantation modifies soil physicochemical properties in the buffer zone of Ecuador's Podocarpus national Park

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 802-812页

作者： Vinicio Carrion-Paladines Angel benítez Roberto García-Ruíz Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nC.P.1101608LojaEcuador Departamento de Biología Animal Biología Vegetal y EcologíaSeccion de EcologíaUniversidad de JaenCampus Las LagunillasEdificio Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud(B3)23071JaenSpain

Background:Andean montane forests(AMF)are biodiversity hotspots that provide fundamental hydrological services as well as carbon storage and sequestration.In recent decades,southern Ecuador AMFs have been seriously threatened by increased logging and conversion to forest plantations with exotic species.In this context,our main objective was to evaluate the effects of AMF conversion to forest plantations on soil physicochemical properties in the buffer zone(Bz)of the Podocarpus national Park(PnP),in southern Ecuador.For this purpose,random samples were taken at a depth of 0-10 cm in four plots in each contrast zone and analyzed for bulk density,porosity,textural class,leaf litter depth,soil pH,as well as the contents of organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen,and available phosphorus and potassium.Results:The results indicate that the conversion of AMFs produces an increase in bulk density and a decrease in SOM,SOC,and total nitrogen contents,thus modifying soil properties,which could result in a decrease in water regulation capacity and produce an increased risk of soil erosion.This accelerates degradation processes,as well as threatens shortages of the drinking water supply.Conclusions:This study can help decision-makers to implement soil management plans in the Bz of the PnP,based on the implementation of new regulations,where the conservation of AMF is promoted.In addition,it is recommended to apply environmental restoration strategies in the anthropized areas of the AMF,as well as in the areas with exotic eucalyptus and pine plantations.

关键词： Andean montane forests Land use conversion Edaphic properties

Some additive results on Drazin inverse

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2015年第4期30卷 479-490页

作者： LIU Xiao-ji QIn Xiao-lan Julio benítez Faculty of Science Guangxi University for Nationalities Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Instituto de Matemática Multidisciplinar

In this paper, we investigate additive results of the Drazin inverse of elements in a ring R. Under the condition ab = ha, we show that a ＋ b is Drazin invertible if and only if aaD （a ＋ b） is Drazin invertible, where the superscript D means the Drazin inverse. Furthermore we find an expression of （a ＋ b）D. As an application we give some new representations for the Drazin inverse of a 2 × 2 block matrix.

关键词： Drazin inverse ring block matrix.

Shoot-level biomass allocation is affected by shoot type in Fagus sylvatica

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 422-428页

作者： benjamín Jarcuska Ruben Milla Institute of Forest Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesSturova 296053 ZvolenSlovakia Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n.E-28933 Mostoles(Madrid)Spain

Aims The present study aims(i)to examine if recently reported interspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs,i.***.isometric trade-offs between leaf mass(LM)and stem mass(SM)and between leaf size and leaf number,hold intraspecifically and(ii)to explore whether those scaling relationships are independent of shoot type(i.***.long vs.short shoots).Methods In order to address our questions,we used Fagus sylvatica saplings growing under a broad light range that were sampled in theWestern Carpathians Mountains(Slovakia).Important Findings We found that:(i)intraspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs differ from those reported interspecifically and that(ii)long and short shoots differ in biomass allocation scaling coefficients.Allometric relationships with slopes statistically smaller than 1.0 or higher than-1.0,were found between SM and LM and between mean leafing intensity and individual leaf mass,respectively,in long shoots.In contrast,isometric scaling was found in short shoots.This suggests that leaf mass in short shoots is unaffected by shoot stem mass,in contrast to long shoots.Short shoots also had a larger fraction of biomass allocated to leaves.Beech shoots,as has been observed in other shoot dimorphic species,are specialized,with short shoots specializing in carbon gain and long shoots in space acquisition.A greater shift in LM than in SM among species during speciation shifting from allometric intraspecific relationships to an isometric interspecific scaling relationship between those traits could explain the discrepancies between the outputs of the present intraspecific study and others similar studies.This study draws attention to the importance of considering shoot types in future studies dealing with allocation rules in species with dimorphic shoots.

关键词： biomass allocation dimorphic shoots leaf size stem size scaling relationships

Length–mass allometries in amphibians

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2018年第1期13卷 36-45页

作者： Luca SAnTInI Ana benÍtez-LÓPEZ Gentile Francesco FICETOLA Mark A.J.HUIJBREGTS Department of Environmental Science Institute for Wetland and Water ResearchFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenthe Netherlands Department of Bioscience University of MilanMilanItaly Alpine Ecology Laboratory Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance PBL netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency The Haguethe Netherlands

Body mass is rarely recorded in amphibians,and other body measurements(e.***.snout to vent length,SVL)are generally collected instead.However,length measurements,when used as proxies of body mass in comparative analyses,are problematic if different taxa and morphotypes are included.We developed allometric relationships to derive body mass from SVL measurements.We fitted phylogenetic generalized least square models for frogs(Anura)and salamanders(Caudata)and for several families separately.We tested whether allometric relationships differed between species with different habitat preferences and between morphs in salamanders.Models were fitted with SVL-mass measurements for 88 frog and 42 salamander species.We assessed the predictive performance of the models by cross-validation.Overall,the models showed high explained variance and low forecasting errors.Models differed among semi-aquatic,terrestrial and arboreal frogs,and between paedomorphic and non-paedomorphic salamanders.Body mass estimates derived from our models allow for comparability of studies on multiple taxa and can be used for testing theories built upon evolutionary and ecological processes which are directly related to body mass.

关键词： Anura body size body weight Caudata SVL

Amphibian richness along modified riparian areas of central Mexico:conservation priorities

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 902-915页

作者： Marco Tulio Oropeza‑Sánchez Ireri Suazo‑Ortuño Julieta benítez‑Malvido Erandi Monroy‑Hernández Roberto Munguía‑Steyer Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad(IIES) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAntigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701CP 58190 MoreliaMichoacánMexico Instituto de Investigaciones Sobre los Recursos naturales(InIREnA) Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.San Juanito Itzícuaro S/NCP 58330 MoreliaMichoacánMexico Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala(FES‑Iztacala) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAv.de los Barrios No.1CP 54090 Tlalnepantla de BazEstado de MéxicoMexico.

Background:Land‑use change frequently affects faunistic populations and communities.To achieve successful conservation strategies,we need suitable information about species distribution and the causes of extinction risk.Many amphibian species depend on riparian vegetation to complete their life cycles.About 41%of amphibian species are globally threatened,and accurate estimations of population size,species richness and the identification of critical habitats are urgently needed worldwide.To evaluate the magnitude of changes in species richness and demography,estimations that include detection probability are necessary.In this study,we employed multi‑species occupancy models to estimate detection probability and the effect of land cover type(i.e.,cropland,artificial pasture,secondary and mature forest)in a 500‑m radius on the occupancy probability and richness of diurnal amphibians in 60 riparian zones in the state of Michoacán in central Mexico.Furthermore,we evaluated the potential of the endemic salamander Ambystoma ordinarium as a flagship species for the conservation of other native amphibian species.Results:We registered a total of 20 amphibian species in the diurnal assemblage,of which 10 species are considered at risk of extinction.We found that cropland was the most important land‑use type for explaining amphibian distribu‑tion in riparian zones,with negative effects on most amphibian species.We found no differences in species richness between zones with and without A.ordinarium.In riparian zones occupied by A.ordinarium,however,we found a higher number of species at risk of extinction.Conclusions:Our findings showed negative effects of croplands on the distribution of most amphibian species.The riparian zones are important for the maintenance of native diurnal amphibian communities and A.ordinarium can act as a flagship species for the conservation of threatened amphibian species.

关键词： Flagship species Habitat quality Occupancy models Salamanders Threatened species