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Technical efficiency of cocoa farms at varying elevation levels in Davao City, Philippines: implications to sustainable upland farming systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： Francis levi A.DURANO Jon Marx SARMIENTO Larry N.DIGAL Pedro A.ALVIOLA IV School of Management University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation

关键词： Cocoa farms Cobb-Douglas production function Elevation Philippines Stochastic frontier analysis Technical efficiency

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Let’s Talk LGBTQIA+:Strategies and Activities for Teaching Diversity and Inclusion in the Foreign Language Classroom at the College Level

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Sino-US English Teaching 2024年第4期21卷 143-170页

作者： Joseph Abraham levi George Washington University WashingtonUSA University of MacaoMacaoChina

In this presentation,the author explores strategies and activities that create a welcoming and nurturing environment for LGBTQIA+foreign language students at the college level in the United ***,as it is commonly stated,there is a clear lack of visibility,acceptance/tolerance,and inclusion of LGBTQIA+voices(active and proactive)in foreign language teaching and learning(pedagogical material as well as in-class attitudes and delivery).The reasons for this deficiency are diverse since they cover not only outward discrimination against and/or indifference(passive-aggressive behavior)toward the LGBTQIA+community and its plight,but they also illustrate the sheer,physical inexistence of quality material that can be used to create,present,and foster a welcoming and all-encompassing classroom environment that addresses the diverse spectrum of the LGBTQIA+community while its members try to learn a foreign language and(positively)negotiate how to express their very identity in their new language of ***,the scant material that is available in the United States as well as in other Western countries where the LGBTQIA+community by and large is accepted-at least from the legal point of view-hardly represents and covers the subject matter in a satisfactory *** address this gap,the author will provide some examples in European Portuguese(EP)and Italian(IT),followed by a courtesy translation in English,to illustrate some positive activities and strategies for including LGBTQIA+-related subject matter in the foreign language classroom at the college *** is his desire that instructors of other foreign languages duplicate in their respective vernaculars the strategies and activities herein presented in order to create a welcoming and safe classroom environment that embraces the LGBTQIA+community as it goes through the enjoyable journey of learning a new language and culture.

关键词： diversity foreign language (trans-)gender inclusion LGBTQIA+community

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Casa Batllò

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The World of Chinese 2024年第3期 76-85页

作者： Zhang Wanhe Dylan levi King 不详

0“Five hundred sheep,” Nguyen Nhu Quynh muttered to herself, fixated on the TV,“and none of them mine.”On the screen, five hundred sheep were being prepped for a journey from China across the Vietnamese border. Ten trucks rolled toward neat formations of sheep herders,arrayed like a reception committee on both sides of the highway.

关键词： sheep hundred formations

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Evening Breeze

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The World of Chinese 2024年第1期 79-82页

作者：程惠子 Dylan levi King

It is usually around Xiaoman, which is the eighth term in the traditional solar calendar, coming around the middle of May, that the rains assault the Lingnan region. Rain in that season is often overwhelming and violent.

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In vivo femtosecond laser nanosurgery of the cell wall enabling patch-clamp measurements on filamentous fungi

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 251-267页

作者： Tanja Pajić Katarina Stevanović Nataša V.Todorović Aleksandar J.Krmpot Miroslav Živić Svetlana Savić-Šević Steva M.lević Marina Stanić Dejan Pantelić Brana Jelenković Mihailo D.Rabasović Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry“Ivan Djaja” Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeStudentski trg 1611158BelgradeSerbia Institute for Biological Research“Siniša Stanković” University of BelgradeNational Institute of the Republic of SerbiaBulevar Despota Stefana 14211000BelgradeSerbia Institute of Physics Belgrade University of BelgradeNational Institute of the Republic of SerbiaPregrevica 11811080BelgradeSerbia University of Belgrade Faculty of AgricultureNemanjina Street 611080BelgradeSerbia Institute for Multidisciplinary Research University of BelgradeKneza Višeslava 111030BelgradeSerbia

Studying the membrane physiology of filamentous fungi is key to understanding their interactions with the environment and crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for disease-causing ***,their plasma membrane has been inaccessible for a micron-sized patch-clamp pipette for pA current recordings due to the rigid chitinous cell ***,we report the first femtosecond IR laser nanosurgery of the cell wall of the filamentous fungi,which enabled patch-clamp measurements on protoplasts released from hyphae.A reproducible and highly precise(diffraction-limited,submicron resolution)method for obtaining viable released protoplasts was *** release from the nanosurgery-generated incisions in the cell wall was achieved from different regions of the *** plasma membrane of the obtained protoplasts formed tight and high-resistance(GΩ)contacts with the recording *** entire nanosurgical procedure followed by the patch-clamp technique could be completed in less than 1 *** to previous studies using heterologously expressed channels,this technique provides the opportunity to identify new ionic currents and to study the properties of the ion channels in the protoplasts of filamentous fungi in their native environment.

关键词： patch recording laser

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可持续发展目标与精神卫生:挑战与对策

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中国心理卫生杂志 2024年第1期38卷 94-96,F0003页

作者： Lennart levi Bo Rothstein 汪向东(编译) 黄悦勤(编译) 卡罗琳斯卡学院瑞典斯德哥尔摩SE-17177 哥德堡大学政治学系瑞典哥德堡SE-40530

2015年,2000-2015年千禧年发展目标(Millennium Development Goals,MDGs)到期之后,联合国的193个成员国共同通过了一项载入史册的“转变我们的世界:2030年可持续发展议程”(《2030议程》),为世界的发展设定了17项可持续发展目标(Sustain... 详细信息

2015年,2000-2015年千禧年发展目标(Millennium Development Goals,MDGs)到期之后,联合国的193个成员国共同通过了一项载入史册的“转变我们的世界:2030年可持续发展议程”(《2030议程》),为世界的发展设定了17项可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs),旨在消除贫困和饥饿,为所有人实现人权,实现所有妇女和女孩的平等和赋权,并确保对地球及其自然资源的持续保护。

关键词：可持续发展目标精神卫生挑战与对策千禧年消除贫困自然资源

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Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel Matthew Lee-Archer Andrew Wong Michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee Meng Tan Susan Day Christopher levi Stephen M Davis Mark Parsons Bernard Yan Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of Medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted imaging ischaemic *** aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on MRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(5mL,regardless of anticoagulation *** Commencing anticoagulation<4days after stroke or TIA is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1month in AF *** is no increased rate of haemorrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

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三味书屋

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The World of Chinese 2024年第1期 74-82页

作者：程惠子 Dylan levi King 不详

A for 6:30,butwhen I woke up,it was not yet 6.I wiped the sleep from my eyes and lay in the dark,listening to my mother shuffling across the kitchen floor in her *** next things I heard were the sound of water boiling in a pot and my mother whisking eggs with *** I got up,she watched me slurp up the eggs poached in brown sugarsyrup.

关键词：三味书屋 floor kitchen

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碱金属改性催化剂室温催化甲醛及抑菌性能研究

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化工新型材料 2024年第9期52卷 267-272页

作者：李慧 levi Sahaka Gbofuiah 袁庆路范梦婕钱静玉陈英文南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院南京211816 南京工业大学环境科学与工程学院南京211816

甲醛和微生物是典型的室内空气污染物,研究室温下2种污染物的同步去除对于净化室内环境具有重要意义。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了MnCeZn(记为M)催化剂,并通过碱金属(Ca、Cs、Mg、Li)对其改性,考察了不同碱金属对催化剂室温催化氧化甲醛及抑... 详细信息

甲醛和微生物是典型的室内空气污染物,研究室温下2种污染物的同步去除对于净化室内环境具有重要意义。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了MnCeZn(记为M)催化剂,并通过碱金属(Ca、Cs、Mg、Li)对其改性,考察了不同碱金属对催化剂室温催化氧化甲醛及抑菌性能的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪等分析了催化剂的形貌和结构。结果表明,当Cs掺杂量为3%(摩尔分数)时,3%Cs-M催化剂表现出最佳的室温催化氧化活性,24h内甲醛去除率达90%,同时兼有优异的抑制大肠杆菌生长的作用,其抑菌圈直径可达24mm。掺杂摩尔分数3%的Cs改变了金属氧化物的分布状态和团聚程度,使3%Cs-M催化剂具有甲醛去除和细菌抑制双重作用。

关键词：甲醛室温催化氧化碱金属抑菌性能

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张晚禾短篇小说《巴特罗之家》（英文）

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The World of Chinese 2024年第3期 77-85+76页

作者：张晚禾 Dylan levi King

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