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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 158-176页

作者： benedetta terziroli beretta-piccoli Giorgina Mieli-Vergani Diego Vergani Epatocentro Ticino&Facoltàdi Scienze Biomediche Universitàdella Svizzera ItalianaLuganoSwitzerland Institute for Research in Biomedicine BellinzonaSwitzerland. King’s College London Faculty of Life Sciences&Medicine at King’s College Hospital LondonUK. Paediatric Liver GI and Nutrition CentreMowatLabsKing’s College HospitalLondonUK. Institute of Liver Studies MowatLabsKing’s College HospitalLondonUK.

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a T-cell mediated,inflammatory liver disease affecting all ages and characterized by female preponderance,elevated serum transaminase and immunoglobulin G levels,positive circulating autoantibodies,and presence of interface hepatitis at liver *** type 1,affecting both adults and children,is defined by positive anti-nuclear and/or antismooth muscle antibodies,while type 2 AIH,affecting mostly children,is defined by positive anti-liver-kidney microsomal type 1 and/or anti-liver cytosol type 1 *** the autoantigens of type 2 AIH are well defined,being the cytochrome P4502D6(CYP2D6)and the formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase(FTCD),in type 1 AIH they remain to be ***-1 predisposition is conferred by possession of the MHC class II HLA DRB1*03 at all ages,while DRB1*04 predisposes to late onset disease;AIH-2 is associated with possession of DRB1*07 and DRB1**** majority of patients responds well to standard immunosuppressive treatment,based on steroid and azathioprine;second-and third-line drugs should be considered in case of intolerance or insufficient *** review offers a comprehensive overview of pathophysiological and clinical aspects of AIH.

关键词： Autoimmune Hepatitis Immunopathophysiology Treatment Genetic Predisposition

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Autoimmune hepatitis: standard treatment and systematic review of alternative treatments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第33期23卷 6030-6048页

作者： benedetta terziroli beretta-piccoli Giorgina Mieli-Vergani Diego Vergani Epatocentro Ticino Paediatric Liver GI and Nutrition CentreMowat LabsKing’s College Hospital Institute of Liver Studies Mowat LabsKing’s College Hospital

Autoimmune hepatitis is a rare chronic inflammatory liver disease,affecting all ages,characterised by elevated transaminase and immunoglobulin G levels,positive autoantibodies,interface hepatitis at liver histology and good response to immunosuppressive treatment. If untreated,it has a poor prognosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence for standard treatment and to provide a systematic review on alternative treatments for adults and children. Standard treatment is based on steroids and azathioprine,and leads to disease remission in 80%-90% of patients. Alternative first line treatment has been attempted with budesonide or cyclosporine,but their superiority compared to standard treatment remains to be demonstrated. Second-line treatments are needed for patients not responding or intolerant to standard treatment. No randomized controlled trials have been performed for second-line options. Mycophenolate mofetil is the most widely used second-line drug,and has good efficacy particularly for patients intolerant to azathioprine,but has the major disadvantage of being teratogenic. Only few and heterogeneous data on cyclosporine,tacrolimus,everolimus and sirolimus are available. More recently,experience with the anti-tumour necrosis factoralpha infliximab and the anti-CD20 rituximab has been published,with ambivalent results; these agents may have severe side-effects and their use should be restricted to specialized centres. Clinical trials with new therapeutic options are ongoing.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Standard treatment Second-line treatment Adults Children

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