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人与野生动物共存研究进展

生态学报 2024年第3期44卷 885-892页

作者：马奔雷硕中国人民大学环境学院北京100872 中国环境科学研究院生态研究所北京100012

人类和野生动物生存空间高度重叠,冲突不可避免,如何从冲突走向共存是学术研究的热点和难点。研究评述了人与野生动物共存的概念解析、量化评估、影响因素以及实现机制四方面的进展,发现人与野生动物共存的概念定义和量化评估还存在争... 详细信息

人类和野生动物生存空间高度重叠,冲突不可避免,如何从冲突走向共存是学术研究的热点和难点。研究评述了人与野生动物共存的概念解析、量化评估、影响因素以及实现机制四方面的进展,发现人与野生动物共存的概念定义和量化评估还存在争议。大多研究认为共存并不意味着没有冲突,而是不可避免的冲突被控制在可容忍范围内。研究多采用容忍度、接受度、保护态度和行为等变量对人与野生动物共存状态进行量化。野生动物相关的成本效益是影响人与野生动物共存的关键因素。经济和教育手段是实现共存的重要路径。经济手段包括补偿、保险、生态旅游、保护投资等措施,通过增加野生动物保护效益、减少保护成本可以实现共存。教育手段通过提升社区保护意识和野生动物保护效益感知、增强冲突应对能力实现人与野生动物共存。未来研究可以从生态和生计视角构建主客观相结合的指标体系对人与野生动物共存进行量化;基于社会生态系统框架识别影响人与野生动物共存的关键因素,总结实现共存的成功经验;采用实验经济学方法探索适用于本土的多样化共存干预措施组合。

关键词：人与野生动物共存容忍度成本效益经济手段

2型糖尿病合并外周动脉斑块与凝血功能的相关性

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海军军医大学学报 2024年第9期45卷 1174-1179页

作者：陈犇鲁瑾海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第一附属医院内分泌科上海200433

目的探讨凝血功能与2型糖尿病患者合并外周动脉斑块的相关性。方法纳入2022年5-8月在我院内分泌科住院治疗的2型糖尿病患者269例,分别根据有无颈动脉斑块和有无下肢动脉斑块将患者分为颈动脉斑块组(131例)和无颈动脉斑块组(138例)、下... 详细信息

目的探讨凝血功能与2型糖尿病患者合并外周动脉斑块的相关性。方法纳入2022年5-8月在我院内分泌科住院治疗的2型糖尿病患者269例,分别根据有无颈动脉斑块和有无下肢动脉斑块将患者分为颈动脉斑块组(131例)和无颈动脉斑块组(138例)、下肢动脉斑块组(134例)和无下肢动脉斑块组(135例)。比较各组患者的一般临床资料及凝血功能指标的差异,采用logistic回归分析评估2型糖尿病合并外周动脉斑块的独立影响因素。结果颈动脉斑块组患者的纤维蛋白原水平高于无颈动脉斑块组[3.15(2.79,3.79)g/L vs 2.99(2.66,3.42)g/L,P=0.005]。logistic回归分析显示,纤维蛋白原为2型糖尿病合并颈动脉斑块的独立危险因素(OR=1.338,95%CI 1.061~2.078,P0.05)。结论2型糖尿病合并不同部位外周动脉斑块与凝血功能的相关性不同。合并颈动脉斑块的患者纤维蛋白原水平较无颈动脉斑块的患者升高,且在控制其他混杂因素后纤维蛋白原是颈动脉斑块发生的独立危险因素;而合并下肢动脉斑块与凝血功能指标无关。

关键词： 2型糖尿病颈动脉斑块下肢动脉斑块纤维蛋白原

MXene@c-MWCNT Adhesive Silica Nanofiber Membranes Enhancing Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Thermal Insulation Performance in Extreme Environments

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 82-98页

作者： Ziyuan Han Yutao Niu Xuetao Shi Duo Pan Hu Liu Hua Qiu Weihua Chen ben Bin Xu Zeinhom MEl-Bahy Hua Hou Eman Ramadan Elsharkawy Mohammed AAmin Chuntai Liu Zhanhu Guo Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Zhengzhou University) Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002People's Republic of China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Advanced Materials DivisionSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123People's Republic of China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072People's Republic of China College of Chemistry&Green Catalysis Center Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People's Republic of China Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE18UK Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceNorthern Border UniversityArarSaudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 1109921944 TaifSaudi Arabia

A lightweight flexible thermally stable composite is fabricated by com-bining silica nanofiber membranes(SNM)with MXene@c-MWCNT hybrid *** flexible SNM with outstanding thermal insulation are prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis and condensation by electrospinning and high-temperature calcination;the MXene@c-MWCNT_(x:y)films are prepared by vacuum filtration *** particular,the SNM and MXene@c-MWCNT_(6:4)as one unit layer(SMC_(1))are bonded together with 5 wt%polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)solution,which exhibits low thermal conductivity(0.066 W m^(-1)K^(-1))and good electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performance(average EMI SE_(T),37.8 dB).With the increase in func-tional unit layer,the overall thermal insulation performance of the whole composite film(SMC_(x))remains stable,and EMI shielding performance is greatly improved,especially for SMC_(3)with three unit layers,the average EMI SET is as high as 55.4 *** addition,the organic combination of rigid SNM and tough MXene@c-MWCNT_(6:4)makes SMC_(x)exhibit good mechanical tensile ***,SMC_(x)exhibit stable EMI shielding and excellent thermal insulation even in extreme heat and cold ***,this work provides a novel design idea and important reference value for EMI shielding and thermal insulation components used in extreme environmental protection equipment in the future.

关键词： SiO_(2)nanofiber membranes MXene@c-MWCNT Composite film Thermal insulation Electromagnetic interference shielding

Flexible dual-Janus porous membrane for underwater gas bubbles anti-buoyancy unidirectional transportation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Shuang ben Han Ma Rui Liu Yuzhen Ning Zhihong Zhao Xudong Zhang Qiang Li Kesong Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Tianmushan Laboratory School of Equipment Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology School of Chemistry Beihang University School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University

Controllable transportation of bubbles in surfactant or aqueous is very important in daily chemical products, food fermentation,mineral flotation and other fields. However, bubbles are mainly dominated by buoyancy and move upward in solution, which makes the manipulation of bubbles difficult. Although some progress has been made in controlling underwater bubbles,achieving continuous transportation and collection of underwater bubbles without relying on external forces is still a great challenge. To this end, we bionically designed a flexible polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) porous surface with dual-Janus characteristics. Namely, a porous PDMS membrane integrating structural gradient and wettability gradient realizes the underwater anti-buoyancy unidirectional transportation of bubbles without external force input, and possesses the capability of underwater gas anti-buoyancy transportation and storage. This work provides inspiration and direction for the development and design of underwater gas transportation and storage devices and provides innovative thinking for the implementation of seabed carbon dioxide storage technology.

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Dynamic Control of Multiple Optical Patterns of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Microdroplets by Light-Driven Molecular Motors

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 427-438页

作者： Jiaqin Li Shuting Xie Jiahui Meng Yuying Liu Qi Zhan Yang Zhang Lingling Shui Guofu Zhou ben L.Feringa Jiawen Chen SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays National Center for International Research on Green OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006 Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and Systems Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006 Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen9747AG Groningen

The key to high-level encryption and anti-counterfeiting techniques is the storage of multiple levels of distinct information that can be individually and precisely addressed by certain *** continues to be a formidable challenge as the concealed images or codes must be read with fast response and high resolution without cross-talk to the first layer of ***,we report a non-fluorescencebased strategy to establish responsive encryption labels taking advantage of solely tuning multiple optical patterns of cholesteric liquid crystal(CLC)microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular *** photo-triggered unidirectional rotation of the motor induced not only changes in the helical twist power value but the opposite helical orientation of the superstructure in CLCs as well,resulting in changes in both the structural color and the selective reflection of circularly polar *** designed labels,which featured highly selective addressability of dual-level distinct information,good reversibility,and viewing angle-independence,were applied to build devices for daily practical use,demonstrating great potential in anti-counterfeiting technology and provide a versatile platform for enhanced data protection and encryption of authentic information.

关键词： molecular motor chirality amplification cholesteric liquid crystal anti-counterfeiting label data encryption

Contemporary Asymmetric Genetic Introgression Between Two Pelophylax Species in Shanghai

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Xu WEI Wenli LIU Gang WANG Rui MA Meiling HUANG Jiaxin ZHENG Tingwei DONG Changqing YUAN Shunqi BO Xiao YUAN ben LI Shuo MA Qu YUE Youzhong DING Zhenghuan WANG School of Life Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau Shanghai 200041China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Ministry of Education&Shanghai Science and Technology CommitteeShanghai 202162China

Human disturbances are considered to break reproduction barriers among *** increases in hybridization events have been reported among a large number of taxonomic groups in anthropogenic environments,providing novel insights into species evolution mechanisms and conservation management in the *** Eastern Golden Frog(Pelophylax plancyi)and BlackSpotted Frog(***)are two sympatric anuran species with a long history of mitochondrial genome introgression in highly urbanized continental East ***,there is only limited understanding of the pattern of their contemporary hybridization and factors influencing their interspecific relationship under anthropogenic ***,interspecific hybridization between *** and *** at the population level was investigated in *** except two haplotypes obtained from both species in Shanghai were mixed together,and located in the introgression clade,implying multiple ancient mitochondrial introgression events occurred in the populations of our study *** genetic introgression was detected by microsatellite markers,with 0.7%of *** and 14.6%of *** identified as contemporary admixed *** with the trend of population density,higher genetic diversity of neutral microsatellite loci was found in the more abundant ***;however,variation in mitochondrial(Cyt-b)and nuclear(POMC)genes was higher in relatively rare *** population density of *** and number of water patches within local habitats were significantly positively correlated with both occurrences and proportions of admixed individuals in the populations of *** and *** the prevalent transformation of habitats in urbanized areas,these results imply that a high population density in isolated artificially altered habitats is likely to increase interspecific ***,population monitoring and improveme

关键词： anthropogenic disturbances interspecific hybridization Pelophylax species abundance urban landscape urbanization

Regulating microstructure and composition by carbonizing in-situ grown metal-organic frameworks on cotton fabrics for boosting electromagnetic wave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7290-7300页

作者： Jie Jin Hongsen Long Hu Liu Yan Guo Tiantian Bai ben Bin Xu Mohammed A.Amin Hua Qiu Mohamed H.Helal Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Zhanhu Guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410000China School of Electronic Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450046China Complex Conditions of High-end Tire Technology Innovation Center Shuguang Rubber Industry Research&Design Institute Co.LtdGuilin 541004China Integrated Composites Lab Department of Mechanical and Civil EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and ScienceNorthern Border UniversityRafha 73213Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt

High-temperature carbonized metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)derivatives have demonstrated their superiority for promising electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbers,but they still suffer from limited EMW absorption capacity and narrow *** the advantage of microstructure and chemical composition regulation for the design of EMW absorber,hierarchical heterostructured MoS_(2)/CoS_(2)-Co_(3)O_(4)@cabonized cotton fabric(CF)(MCC@CCF)is prepared by growing ZIF-67 MOFs onto CF surface,chemical etching,and *** from the dual loss mechanism of magnetic-dielectric multicomponent carbonized MOFs,chemical etching and carbonization process can effectively introduce abundant micro-gap structure that can result in better impedance matching and stronger absorption capacity via internal reflection,doped heteroatoms(Mo,N,S)to supply additional dipolar polarization loss,and numerous heterointerfaces among MoS_(2),CoS_(2),Co_(3)O_(4),and CCF that produce promoted conduction loss and interfacial polarization ***,a minimal reflection loss of−52.87 dB and a broadest effective absorption bandwidth of 6.88 GHz were achieved via tunning the sample thickness and filler loading,showing excellent EMW absorption *** research is of great value for guiding the research on MOFs derivatives based EMW absorbing materials.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks hierarchical structure chemical etching sulfurization electromagnetic wave absorption

上市公司员工持股计划的“双刃剑”效应研究:基于公司不当行为的视角

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中国软科学 2024年第6期 190-201页

作者：马奔仇勇首都经济贸易大学会计学院北京100070 北京工商大学商学院北京100048

员工持股计划有助于企业保留核心科技人才,激发企业创新,对形成新质生产力与推进新型工业化皆具有重要意义,但在政策实施的过程中应警惕上市公司利用这一激励手段达成不当目的。基于2014-2023年中国上市公司A股的数据,实证检验了员工持... 详细信息

员工持股计划有助于企业保留核心科技人才,激发企业创新,对形成新质生产力与推进新型工业化皆具有重要意义,但在政策实施的过程中应警惕上市公司利用这一激励手段达成不当目的。基于2014-2023年中国上市公司A股的数据,实证检验了员工持股计划与公司不当行为之间的关系。研究结果表明,上市公司在员工持股计划持续期内发生不当行为的概率更高。其原因:一是部分员工持股计划沦为变向的高管绩效式激励工具,二是员工出于自身利益发挥了合谋掩饰作用。进一步研究发现存续期较短、由金融机构代管、存在杠杆融资及激励人数处于特定区间的员工持股计划与公司不当行为的正相关关系更加显著。类似于高管绩效式激励的“双刃剑”效应同样存在于员工激励中。基于此,提出针对性的建议实现对上市公司的强监管,以保障更好的政策效果进而提高上市公司质量。

关键词：员工激励高管激励员工持股计划公司不当行为

“智能设计新质未来”国际学术论坛暨《家具与室内装饰》杂志创刊三十周年研讨会隆重召开

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家具与室内装饰 2024年第7期31卷 I0002-I0003页

作者：本刊不详

7月6-8日,“智能设计·新质未来”国际学术论坛暨《家具与室内装饰》杂志创刊三十周年研讨会在中南林业科技大学隆重举行。本次论坛由中南林业科技大学主办,中南林业科技大学家居与艺术设计学院、麓山实验室智能家居设计中心和湖南家具... 详细信息

7月6-8日,“智能设计·新质未来”国际学术论坛暨《家具与室内装饰》杂志创刊三十周年研讨会在中南林业科技大学隆重举行。本次论坛由中南林业科技大学主办,中南林业科技大学家居与艺术设计学院、麓山实验室智能家居设计中心和湖南家具与室内装饰杂志社有限公司承办,珠海展辰新材料股份有限公司、陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院、酷家乐(杭州群核信息技术有限公司)与卡迪欧(上海裕暖采暖设备有限公司)协办,中国家具协会设计工作委员会、湖南省建筑室内设计学会、湖南省设计艺术家协会与全国智能家居行业产教融合共同体联合支持。

关键词：中国家具协会智能设计采暖设备产教融合陕西科技大学室内装饰艺术家协会信息技术