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A full-wave HTS flux pump using a feedback control system

Superconductivity 2023年第4期8卷 26-33页

作者： James H.p.Rice ben p.p.mallett Dominic A.Moseley Alexander petrov Heng Zhang Steven Wray Rodney A.Badcock paihau-Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonLower Hutt 5012New Zealand UK Atomic Energy Authority Culham Science CentreAbingdon OX143DBUnited Kingdom

Transformer‐rectifier flux pumps are DC superconducting power supplies capable of charging superconducting magnets to high currents and stored magnetic ***,we demonstrate a full‐wave superconducting flux pump assembled from high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)wire that utilizes superconducting switches controlled by applied magnetic field.A negative DC offset occurs in the superconducting secondary of the circuit during operation which is related to the output load current.A feedback control system is proposed and demonstrated to account for the negative DC *** the primary current proportional to the load current during operation allowed for the maximum output of the flux pump to be increased from 35 A to more than 275 *** results are reproduced using a coupled electrical‐and magnetic–circuit model formulated in the MATLAB Simulink®package.

关键词： High‐temperature superconductor Flux pump power supply Circuit modelling High current

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Transfusion and coagulation management in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6146-6158页

作者： ben Clevenger Susan V mallett Department of Anaesthesia Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust London NW3 2QG United Kingdom

There is wide variation in the management of coagulation and blood transfusion practice in liver transplantation. The use of blood products intraoperatively is declining and transfusion free transplantations take place ever more frequently. Allogenic blood products have been shown to increase morbidity and mortality. primary haemostasis, coagulation and fibrinolysis are altered by liver disease. This, combined with intraoperative disturbances of coagulation, increases the risk of bleeding. Meanwhile, the rebalancing of coagulation homeostasis can put patients at risk of hypercoagulability and thrombosis. The application of the principles of patient blood management to transplantation can reduce the risk of transfusion. This includes: preoperative recognition and treatment of anaemia, reduction of perioperative blood loss and the use of restrictive haemoglobin based transfusion triggers. The use of point of care coagulation monitoring using whole blood viscoelastic testing provides a picture of the complete coagulation process by which to guide and direct coagulation management. pharmacological methods to reduce blood loss include the use of anti-fibrinolytic drugs to reduce fibrinolysis, and rarely, the use of recombinant factor VIIa. Factor concentrates are increasingly used; fibrinogen concentrates to improve clot strength and stability, and prothrombin complex concentrates to improve thrombin generation. Non-pharmacological methods to reduce blood loss include surgical utilisation of the piggyback technique and maintenance of a low central venous pressure. The use of intraoperative cell salvage and normovolaemic haemodilution reduces allogenic blood transfusion. Further research into methods of decreasing blood loss and alternatives to blood transfusion remains necessary to continue to improve outcomes after transplantation.

关键词： Liver disease Transplantation Coagulation Transfusion patient blood management Thromboelastography Cell salvage

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