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民用飞机起落架噪声及其控制技术研究进展

航空学报 2022年第8期43卷 137-173页

作者：赵鲲梁俊彪 ivan belyaev Victor KOPIEV Gareth BENNETT 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所气动噪声控制重点实验室绵阳621000 俄罗斯中央空气流体动力研究院气动噪声部莫斯科105005 都柏林大学圣三一学院工程系都柏林D02PN40

起落架是民用飞机起降阶段的主要噪声源之一,是气动噪声控制领域的一项重要难题。经过近半个世纪的研究,起落架噪声特性及控制技术发展方面已经取得了相当丰富的成果。首先,简单回顾了起落架噪声的研究历程,介绍了噪声产生机理;然后,概... 详细信息

起落架是民用飞机起降阶段的主要噪声源之一,是气动噪声控制领域的一项重要难题。经过近半个世纪的研究,起落架噪声特性及控制技术发展方面已经取得了相当丰富的成果。首先,简单回顾了起落架噪声的研究历程,介绍了噪声产生机理;然后,概述了国内外利用风洞试验、飞行试验、数值计算等多种手段在民用飞机起落架气动噪声及控制技术研究领域所取得的成果和最新进展,内容涉及整流罩、小孔封堵、部件优化、空气幕等多种方法;最后,给出了国外研究带来的启示,剖析了当前存在的问题,并对未来发展作出了展望。

关键词：起落架噪声噪声控制技术整流罩空气幕大型声学风洞飞行试验

Liquid Metal Heat Transfer in an Inclined Tube Affected by a Longitudinal Magnetic Field

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S1期19卷 487-490页

作者： belyaev ivan A. LISTRATOV Yaroslav I. RAZUVANOV Nikita G. Sviridov Valentin G. MPEI-Moscow Power Engineering Institute JIHT-Joint Institute of High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Science

This paper presents results of hydrodynamic and heat transfer investigations in liquid metal flow affected by a longitudinal magnetic field in an inclined tube with respect to tokamak cooling *** study has been conducted for the tube with slope 1\5 to the horizon which corresponds to the conditions oflTER project in case the LM flow faced longitudinal *** results obtained in the regimes without the MF,may be interesting for the design of nuclear reactors cooled by LM and metallurgical processes.

关键词： heat transfer inclined tube probe measurements longitudinal magnetic field liquid metal

Search for microglia-specific peptides:advances in the discovery toolbox

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 471-472页

作者： ivan Sarabia Kyle M.Koss Department of Surgery University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Uncontrolled and chronic inflammatory states in the central nervous system(CNS)are the hallmark of neurodegenerative pathology and every injury or stroke-related *** key mediators of these neuroinflammatory states are glial cells known as microglia,the resident immune cell at the core of the inflammatory event,and astroglia,which encapsulate inflammatory insults in proteoglycan-rich scar *** gliotic scar blocks significant portions of healthy axonal networking,preventing *** most neuroinflammation is exclusively based on the responses of said microglia,their phenotypes are suggested to follow those of macrophages;M1 and M2 are opposites of pro-and ***,microglial phenotypes have been identified to be on an inflammatory spectrum encompassing developmental,homeostatic,and reparative behaviors as opposed to their ability to affect devastating cell death cascades and scar tissue formation.

关键词： inflammation pathology death

Concentration and retention of ascorbic acid,carotenoids,and sugars in fresh-cut lettuce in modified atmosphere packaging

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 303-313页

作者： Jinita Sthapit Kandel ivan Simko Ryan J.Hayes Beiquan Mou U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center1636 E.Alisal StreetSalinasCA93905USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceForage Seed and Cereal Research Unit3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR97331USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSunflower and Plant Biology Research1616 Albrecht Blvd NFargoND58102USA

Fresh-cut lettuce is widely used in ready-to-eat salads sold in modified atmosphere packages (MAP).Even in MAP,fresh-cut lettuce has short shelf life that results in loss of *** cultivars exhibit genetic variation for shelf life in MAP,but their variation for nutrient retention is not *** accessions were evaluated for initial content of ascorbic acid (AsA),carotenoids,and sugars and their retention in *** with high content and/or good retention of one or more nutrients were *** romaine accession ‘Floricos’ had high levels of all the three *** with relatively high retention of all the three nutrients were ‘Salinas 88’,‘Siskiyou’,‘Solar’,SM09A,‘Romance’,and ‘Green Towers’.Romaine cultivars,‘Balady Barrage’,‘Green Towers’,and ‘Darkland’ had relatively high initial levels of all tested nutrients and good rate of their *** was no clear correlation between initial AsA/carotene concentrations and their retention rates,suggesting that besides content,retention of nutrients should also be a breeding target in a lettuce nutritional improvement *** analyses with the Pearson's correlation coefficient determined a negative relationship between tissue deterioration(AUDePS) and retention of all tested nutrients[r of-0.52 (P<0.0001) for AsA,-0.27 (P<0.01) for total carotene,and-0.59 (P<0.0001) for total sugars],suggesting that an increase in tissue deterioration intensifies nutrient ***-sense heritability (H^(2)) across the experiments was0.15 for AsA,0.23 for total carotene,and 0.50 for total *** of germplasm with high nutrient content,extended shelf life and good nutrient retention provides valuable information for the lettuce industry and associated breeding programs.

关键词： Lettuce Shelf life Nutrient retention Ascorbic acid Carotene Sugars

Characteristics of Energy Fluxes and Cold Frontal Effects on Energy Exchange over a Boreal Lake

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第2期42卷 357-372页

作者： Lujun XU Huizhi LIU ivan MAMMARELLA Aki VÄHÄ Joonatan ALA-KÖNNI Xuefei LI Qun DU Yang LIU Timo VESALA State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland

Understanding the characteristics and variations of heat exchange and evaporation of lakes is important for regional water resource management and sustainable *** on eddy covariance measurements over Lake Vanajavesi in southern Finland,characteristics of energy fluxes and cold frontal effects on energy exchange were *** lake acted as a heat sink in spring and summer and a heat source in *** latent heat flux reached its minimum value in the morning and peaked in the *** diurnal variation of sensible heat flux was opposite to that of latent heat *** factors for the sensible heat flux were mainly the lake-air temperature difference and the product of lake-air temperature difference and wind *** latent heat flux was mainly affected by the vapor pressure deficit and the product of vapor pressure deficit and wind *** annual mean values of bulk transfer coefficients for momentum,heat,and water vapor were 1.98×10^(-3),1.62×10^(-3),and 1.31×10^(-3),*** transfer coefficients for heat and water vapor were not equal,indicating that the parameterization of energy exchange in numerical models,where the assumption that the heat coefficient equals the water vapor coefficient needs *** the ice-free season,cold fronts resulted in 28 sensible heat pulses and 17 latent heat pulses,contributing to 50.59%and 34.89%of sensible and latent heat exchange in Lake *** results indicate that cold fronts significantly impact the surface energy budget and evaporation over lakes.

关键词： sensible heat flux latent heat flux roughness length bulk transfer coefficient cold front

Features of the monocyte inflammatory response in patients with premature coronary artery disease

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生物物理学报（英文） 2025年第1期11卷 12-17页

作者： Tatiana Blokhina Tatiana Kirichenko Yuliya Markina Ulyana Khovantseva ivan Melnikov Olga Guseva Sergey Bazanovich Sergey Kozlov Alexander Orekhov Department of problems of atherosclerosis Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 121552 Moscow Russia Laboratory of medical genetics Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 121552 Moscow Russia Laboratory of cellular and molecular pathology of cardiovascular system State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery Moscow 119991 Russia Laboratory of cell hemostasis Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 121552 Moscow Russia Laboratory of Gas Exchange Biomechanics and Barophysiology State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation The Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 123007 Russia Laboratory of stem cells Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 121552 Moscow Russia

The purpose of this study was to examine the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by cultured monocytes/macrophages in patients with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). The study included 38 patients with premature CAD and 35 patients without CAD. A primary culture of CD14+ monocytes was obtained by immunomagnetic separation. The inflammatory response was induced by incubation of a cell culture with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hours on Days 1 and 6. Basal and LPS-stimulated secretion of the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) was assessed by enzyme immunoassay on Days 2 and 7 of cultivation. The level of basal secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 was higher in patients with CAD compared to patients in the control group. The levels of re-stimulated TNF-α secretion and the levels of LPS-stimulated and re-stimulated IL-1β secretion on the second and sixth days were also higher in patients with CAD. LPS-stimulated MCP-1 secretion on the second day did not differ in patients of both groups, but re-stimulated MCP-1 secretion was higher in patients with CAD. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the basal secretion levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were independently associated with premature CAD, along with smoking, body mass index and serum HDL-cholesterol levels.

关键词： Coronary artery disease Monocytes Inflammatory cytokines Immune tolerance

Significant Changes in Morphological Traits of 422 Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)Varieties with Different Registration

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第2期94卷 317-330页

作者： Valentina Spanic Zvonimir Lalic Ivica Berakovic Luka Drenjancevic Goran Jukic ivan Varnica Agricultural Institute Osijek Osijek31000Croatia Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food Osijek31000Croatia

Enhanced grain yield is achieved in barley by developing varieties incorporating grain yield-related and morphological traits derived from different *** evaluation of 28 morphological characteristics of 422 barley varieties was carried out to assess their changes over time from 1973 to *** barley yield improvement seems to have been achieved by changes in morphological traits where modern varieties out-yielded older varieties for more than 30%(from 1973 to 2023).According to the Pareto chart,the length of the first segment of the rachis was found to be the most important parameter that changed over time,accompanied by the glaucousness of the flag leaf sheath and spiculation of inner lateral nerves of the dorsal side of the lemma of *** importance of leaf attitude manipulation towards the erect type was also elucidated,as the erect type is a more desirable trait due to the better photosynthetic activity of the flag ***,the hairiness of leaf sheaths of the lowest leaves and glauconite of the sheath of the flag leaf,curvature of the first segment of rachis,and anthocyanin coloration of nerves of the lemma of grain were shifted toward stronger expression as years went ***,in the newer varieties,the anthocyanin coloration of auricles of the flag leaf was weakened with sparser ear density,with shorter length of the first segment of rachis,and weaker speculation of inner lateral nerves of the dorsal side of the lemma of grain.

关键词： Grain yield genetic diversity regression

Characteristics of Energy Fluxes and Cold Frontal Effects on Energy Exchange over a Boreal Lake

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第02期 357-372页

作者： Lujun XU Huizhi LIU ivan MAMMARELLA Aki V?H? Joonatan ALA-K?NNI Xuefei LI Qun DU Yang LIU Timo VESALA State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Helsinki

Understanding the characteristics and variations of heat exchange and evaporation of lakes is important for regional water resource management and sustainable development. Based on eddy covariance measurements over Lake Vanajavesi in southern Finland, characteristics of energy fluxes and cold frontal effects on energy exchange were investigated. The lake acted as a heat sink in spring and summer and a heat source in winter. The latent heat flux reached its minimum value in the morning and peaked in the afternoon. The diurnal variation of sensible heat flux was opposite to that of latent heat flux. Impact factors for the sensible heat flux were mainly the lake-air temperature difference and the product of lake-air temperature difference and wind speed. The latent heat flux was mainly affected by the vapor pressure deficit and the product of vapor pressure deficit and wind speed. The annual mean values of bulk transfer coefficients for momentum, heat,and water vapor were 1.98 × 10–3, 1.62 × 10–3, and 1.31 × 10–3, respectively. Bulk transfer coefficients for heat and water vapor were not equal, indicating that the parameterization of energy exchange in numerical models, where the assumption that the heat coefficient equals the water vapor coefficient needs improvement. During the ice-free season, cold fronts resulted in 28 sensible heat pulses and 17 latent heat pulses, contributing to 50.59% and 34.89% of sensible and latent heat exchange in Lake Vanajavesi. These results indicate that cold fronts significantly impact the surface energy budget and evaporation over lakes.

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Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant patients admitted to hospital:A real-life experience

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 228-236页

作者： Biagio Pinchera Rosa Carrano Elisa Schettino Alessia D'Agostino Emilia Trucillo Federica Cuccurullo Fabrizio Salemi Amerigo Piccione ivan Gentile Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples“Federico II”Naples 80131Italy Section of Nephrology Department of Public HealthUniversity of Naples“Federico II”Naples 80131Italy

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections(UTIs)in kidney transplant patients are a *** To evaluate epidemiology,clinical status,therapeutic management,and clinical outcome of kidney transplant patients in a university hospital for *** We conducted a retrospective observational study,enrolling all kidney transplant patients hospitalized for UTI,with the objective to evaluate the epidemiology,clinical status,therapeutic management,and clinical outcome of kidney transplant *** From our real-life experience,infection with multidrug-resistant germs was confirmed as a risk factor for the severe evolution of the *** the same time,the re-evaluation of immunosuppressive therapy could be an important therapeutic strategy in the course of *** Prompt initiation of empiric antibiotic therapy upon initiation of microbiological investigations may reduce the risk of severe infection progression.

关键词： Urinary tract infections Kidney transplant Multidrug-resistant germ Solid organ transplant recipient Empiric therapy