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Association of initial assessment variables and mortality in severe pediatric traumatic brain injury

World journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 125-133页

作者： Katherine C Bergus Kelli n Patterson Lindsey Asti josh Bricker Tariku j Beyene Lauren n Schulz Dana M Schwartz Raj.n K Thakkar Eric A Sribnick Pediatric Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA CenterforSurgical Outcomes Research Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA neurologic Surgery The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA neurologic Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA

Background Predictive scales have been used to prognosticate long-term outcomes of traumatic brain injury(TBI),but gaps remain in predicting mortality using initial trauma resuscitation *** sought to evaluate the association of clinical variables collected during the initial resuscitation of intubated pediatric severe patients with TBI with in-hospital *** Intubated pediatric trauma patientsj.nuary 2011 to December 2020 were *** between initial trauma resuscitation variables(temperature,pulse,mean arterial blood pressure,GCS score,hemoglobin,international normalized ratio(InR),platelet count,oxygen saturation,end tidal carbon dioxide,blood glucose and pupillary response)and mortality were evaluated with multivariable logistic *** Among 314 patients,median age was 5.5 years(interquartile range(IQR):2.2-12.8),GCS score was 3(IQR:3-6),Head Abbreviated Injury Score(hAIS)was 4(IQR:3-5),and most had a severe(25-49)Injury Severity Score(ISS)(48.7%,153/314).Overall mortality was 26.8%.GCS score,hAIS,ISS,InR,platelet count,and blood glucose were associated with in-hospital mortality(all pnd GCS score increased,the odds of mortality *** 1-point increase in GCS score was associated with a 35%decrease in odds of *** hAIS,InR,and blood glucose increased,the odds of mortality *** each 1.0 unit increase in InR,the odds of mortality increased by 1427%.Conclusions Pediatric patients with severe TBI are at substantial risk for in-hospital *** are needed to examine whether earlier interventions targeting specific parameters of InR and blood glucose impact mortality.

关键词： mortality pediatric traumatic

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The neglect of nonnative orthopterans as potential invaders:A call for awareness

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 994-1000页

作者： Anna K.Kulessa Paride Balzani Ismael Soto Antonín Kouba David Renault Ali Serhan Tarkan Phillip j.Haubrock Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Biology and BiotechnologyBochumGermany Faculty of Biology University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstraße 5EssenGermany Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in CˇeskéBudeˇjoviceVodnˇanyCzech Republic University of Rennes CNRSECOBIO(EcosystèmesBiodiversitéEvolution)UMRRennesFrance Faculty of Fisheries Department of Basic SciencesMu˘gla SıtkıKoçman UniversityMu˘glaTurkey Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Bournemouth UniversityPooleDorsetUK Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection Department of Ecology and Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity ofŁodzŁodzPoland Department of River Ecology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum FrankfurtGelnhausenGermany Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science and TechnologyMubarak Al-AbdullahKuwait

Despite the potential ecological and economic impacts of invasive species,there is a dearth of data on the presence,impacts,and management implications of potentially invasive Orthoptera *** lack of research and inconsistent data,including risk screenings and impact assessments,is especially evident in ***,assessing the status,distribution,and potential threats of nonnative Orthoptera in Europe remains challenging,impeding the development of effective management *** address this gap,we call for increased efforts to collect and curate data on non-native and possibly invasive Orthoptera in *** efforts will improve our understanding of this order’s invasion dynamics,facilitate the identification of priority areas for conservation,and support the development of effective management policies and preventive measures.

关键词： costs cricket damages grasshopper impact research

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Adaptive-optical 3D microscopy for microfluidic multiphase flows

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 105-119页

作者： Clemens Bilsing Erik nützenadel Sebastian Burgmann jürgen Czarske Lars Büttner Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques TUD Dresden University of Technology01069 DresdenGermany Chair of Fluid Mechanics Bergische Universitát Wuppertal42119 WuppertalGermany BIOLAS Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques01069 DresdenGermany

Measurements based on optical microscopy can be severely impaired if the access exhibits variations of the refractive *** the case of fluctuating liquid-gas boundaries,refraction introduces dynamical aberrations that increase the measurement *** is prevalent at multiphase flows(***,film flows)that occur in many technical applications as for example in coating and cleaning processes and the water management in fuel *** this paper,we present a novel approach based on adaptive optics for correcting the dynamical aberrations in real time and thus reducing the measurement *** shape of the fluctuating water-air interface is sampled with a reflecting light beam(Fresnel Guide Star)and a Hartmann-Shack sensor which makes it possible to correct its influence with a deformable mirror in a closed ***-dimensional flow measurements are achieved by using a double-helix point spread *** measure the flow inside a sessile,oscillating 50-μl droplet on an opaque gas diffusion layer for fuel cells and show that the temporally varying refraction at the droplet surface causes a systematic underestimation of the flow field magnitude corresponding to the first droplet eigenmode which plays a major role in their detachment *** demonstrate that the adaptive optics correction is able to reduce this systematic ***,the adaptive optics system can pave the way to a deeper understanding of water droplet formation and detachment which can help to improve the efficiency of fuels cells.

关键词： Double-Helix point spread function Adaptive optics Particle tracking velocimetry Aberration correction Depth-resolving microscopy Closed-loop control

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Sustained adenosine release:Revealing its impact on osteogenic signalling pathways of human mesenchymal stromal cells

Engineered Regeneration

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 255-268页

作者： Hadi Hajiali j.ne McLaren Cristina Gonzalez-García Salah Abdelrazig Dong-Hyun Kim Matthew j.Dalby Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez Felicity R.A.j.Rose School of Pharmacy Nottingham Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Healthcare Technologies Institute School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Centre for Analytical Bioscience Advanced Materials&Healthcare Technologies DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Marine Microbiomics Program in BiologyDivision of Science and MathematicsNew York University Abu Dhabi(NYUAD)P.O.Box 129188Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

non-healing fractures,a global health concern arising from trauma,osteoporosis,and tumours,can lead to severe ***,integral to cellular energy metabolism,gains prominence in bone regeneration via adeno-sine A2 B receptor *** study introduces a controlled-release system for localized adenosine delivery,fostering human mesenchymal stromal cell(hMSC)differentiation into functional bone *** study investi-gates how the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid in microparticles can influence adenosine release and explores the downstream effects on gene expression and metabolic profiles of osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs cultured in growth and osteoinductive *** into adenosine-modulated signalling pathways during MSC differenti-ation,with osteogenic factors,provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathways *** gene expression and metabolic profiles unravels adenosine’s regulatory mechanisms in MSC *** adenosine release from microparticles induces mineralization,synergizing with osteogenic media supplements,showcasing the potential of adenosine for treating critical bone defects and metabolic *** study high-lights the efficacy of a polymeric microparticle-based delivery system,offering novel strategies for bone *** adenosine’s roles and associated signalling pathways advances our comprehension of molecular mech-anisms steering bone regeneration,propelling innovative biomaterial,combined with metabolites,approaches for clinical use.

关键词： Adenosine release Osteogenic signalling pathways Human mesenchymal stromal cells Bone regeneration

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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： n.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.V.Prabu j.nageswara Rao nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar jabeen nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor network(WSn)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSns are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSns is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Sports Events Recognition Using Multi Features and Deep Belief network

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 309-326页

作者： Alabdullah B. Tayyab M. AlQahtani Y. Mudawi n.A. Algarni A. jalal A. Park j. Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Air University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science Applied College King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information System Najran University Najran 55461 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Northern Border University Rafha 91911 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic University Siheung-si Gyeonggi-do 237 South Korea

In the modern era of a growing population, it is arduous for humans to monitor every aspect of sports, events occurring around us, and scenarios or conditions. This recognition of different types of sports and events has increasingly incorporated the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence. This research focuses on detecting and recognizing events in sequential photos characterized by several factors, including the size, location, and position of people’s body parts in those pictures, and the influence around those people. Common approaches utilized, here are feature descriptors such as MSER (Maximally Stable Extremal Regions), SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform), and DOF (degree of freedom) between the joint points are applied to the skeleton points. Moreover, for the same purposes, other features such as BRISK (Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints), ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF), and HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) are applied on full body or silhouettes. The integration of these techniques increases the discriminative nature of characteristics retrieved in the identification process of the event, hence improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire procedure. These extracted features are passed to the early fusion and DBscan for feature fusion and optimization. Then deep belief, network is employed for recognition. Experimental results demonstrate a separate experiment’s detection average recognition rate of 87% in the HMDB51 video database and 89% in the YouTube database, showing a better perspective than the current methods in sports and event identification. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： extremal regions joint points Machine learning scalable keypoints silhouettes

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Physics-constrained graph modeling for building thermal dynamics

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 150-157页

作者： Ziyao Yang Amol D.Gaidhane j.n Drgoňa Vikas Chandan Mahantesh M.Halappanavar Frank Liu Yu Cao School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Pacific northwest national Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA Oak Ridge national Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37830USA

In this paper,we propose a graph model embedded with compact physical equations for modeling the thermal dynamics of *** principles of heat flow across various components in the building,such as walls and doors,fit the message-passing strategy used by Graph neural networks(Gnns).The proposed method is to represent the multi-zone building as a graph,in which only zones are considered as nodes,and any heat flow between zones is modeled as an edge based on prior knowledge of the building ***,the thermal dynamics of these components are described by compact models in the *** are further employed to train model parameters from collected *** model training,our proposed method enforces physical constraints(e.g.,zone sizes and connections)on model parameters and propagates the penalty in the loss function of *** constraints are essential to ensure model robustness and *** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling approach on a realistic dataset with multiple *** results demonstrate a satisfactory accuracy in the prediction of multi-zone ***,we illustrate that the new model can reliably learn hidden physical parameters with incomplete data.

关键词： Physics-constrained learning Graph neural networks Compact model Building thermal dynamics

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MicroRnA-630:A promising avenue for alleviating inflammation in diabetic kidney disease

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World journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1398-1403页

作者： javier Donate-Correa Ainhoa González-Luis jésica Díaz-Vera juan Ramón Hernandez-Fernaud Research Unit University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria(UHNSC)Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38010Spain Department of Biochemistry MicrobiologyCell Biology and GeneticsInstituto de Tecnologías BiomédicasUniversidad de La LagunaSanta Cruz de Tenerife 38000Spain

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the complications of diabetes,affecting millions of people *** relentless progression of this condition can lead to kidney failure,requiring life-altering interventions such as dialysis or *** evidence suggests that immunologic and inflammatory elements play an important role in initiating and perpetuating the damage inflicted on renal tissues,exacerbating the decline in organ ***-like receptors(TLRs)are a family of receptors that play a role in the activation of the innate immune system by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular *** data from in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the critical role of TLRs,mainly TLR2 and TLR4,in the pathogenesis of *** the diabetic milieu,these TLRs recognize diabetic-associated molecular signals,triggering a proinflammatory cascade that initiates and perpetuates inflammation and fibrogenesis in the diabetic *** non-traditional strategies targeting TLR signaling with potential therapeutic implications in DKD have been *** of these approaches is the use of microRnAs,small non-coding RnAs that can regulate gene *** editorial comments on the results of this approach carried out in a rat model of diabetes by Wu et al,published in this issue of the World journal of *** results of the experimental study by Wu et al shows that microRnA-630 decreased levels compared to non-diabetic ***,microRnA-630 exerted anti-inflammatory effects in the kidneys of diabetic rats through the modulation of *** findings indicate that the microRnA-630/TLR4 axis might represent a pathological mechanism of DKD and a potential therapeutic target capable of curbing the destructive inflammation characteristic of DKD.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic kidney disease Inflammation Toll-like receptor 4 microRnA-630

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A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-Cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： j.V.j.Congreve Y.Shi A.R.Dennis H.Druiff n.C.Tutt D.A.Cardwell j.H.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BCO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BaCuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical *** careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic *** of(RE)BCO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single ***(RE)BCO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating *** fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single *** this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of YBCOAg,GdBCO‐Ag,EuBCO‐Ag and SmBCO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray *** observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these *** suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth *** observation demonstrates there is freedom to us

关键词： YBCO‐Ag GdBCO‐Ag SmBCO‐Ag EuBCO‐Ag Composition Bulk superconductor

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： j.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther n.Bukharskii n.Borisenko j.jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov n.E.Andreev O.n.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany national Research nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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