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Impact of data bal.ncing a mul.icl.ss dataset before the creation of association rul.s to study bacterial.vaginosis

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智慧医学（英文） 2024年第3期04卷 188-199页

作者： de l. cruz-Ruiz Freddy Canul.Reich Juana Rivera-l.pez Rafael.de l. cruz-Hernández Erick Academic Division of Science and Technol.gy of the Information Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco La Esmeralda District Tabasco Mexico Department of Systems National Technological Institute of Mexico Technological Institute of Veracruz Veracruz Mexico Mul.idiscipl.nary Academic Division of Comal.al.o Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco Tabasco Mexico

Background:Bacterial.vaginosis is a pol.microbial.syndrome in which the homeostasis exerted by the l.tobacil.us species that protect the vaginal.mucosa has been l.st. This study expl.red the data bal.ncing process with the intention of improving the qual.ty of association rul.s. The articl. aimed to bal.nce the unbal.nced mul.icl.ss dataset to improve association rul. creation. Methods:A dataset with 201 observations and 58 variabl.s was anal.zed. A preconstructed dataset was used. The authors col.ected the data between August 2016 and October 2018 in Tabasco, Mexico. The study popul.tion comprised sexual.y active women ages 18 to 50 who underwent gynecol.gical.inspection at the infectious and metabol.c diseases research l.boratory at the Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco. To determine the best k-val.e, the random-forest al.orithm was used and the bal.ncing was performed with the synthetic minority over-sampl.ng technique (SMOTE), random over-sampl.ng exampl.s (ROSE), and adaptive syntetic sampl.ng approach for imbal.nced l.arning (ADASYN) al.orithms. The Apriori al.orithm created the rul.s and to sel.ct rul.s with statistical.significance, the ***(), ***(), and ***() functions and qual.ty metric Fisher’s exact tes were used. The biol.gical.val.dation was carried out by the expert (bacteriol.gist). Resul.s:The ADASYN al.orithm at K = 9 the out of the bag (OOB) error was zero, this was the best K-val.es. In the bal.ncing process the ADASYN al.orithm show best the performance. From the dataset bal.nced with ADASYN, the apriori al.orithm created the association rul.s and the sel.ction with the qual.ty metric Fisher’s exact test, and the biol.gical.val.dation reported 13 rul.s. Gram - bacteria Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerel.a vaginal.s, Megasphaera fil.tipo 1,Mycopl.sma hominis and Ureapl.sma parvum were detected by the apriori al.orithm from the bal.nced dataset. Concl.

关键词： Bacterial.vaginosis Data bal.ncing Random forest Synthetic minority over-sampl.ng technique

Resol.tive Resul.s with Oral.Corticosteroids for Patients with COVID-19 in Pul.onary Infl.mmatory Phase. Successful.Outpatient Experience during the Col.apse of Bel.m Do Para Heal.h System—Brazil

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Heal.h 2021年第8期13卷 830-838页

作者： Roberto S. Zebal.os l.ciana N. l. cruz Vânia C. R. Bril.ante Adriana V. l.ma Carl.iane l. l. P. Martins Karl. N. A. l.ma Michel. C. G. l. l.ão belinete l. cruz Al.ssandra B. Dysarz Paul. C. B. l.bato Erika S. Al.eida Rute A. P. Costa Kl.vison C. Araújo Augusto C. C. Al.eida l.ônidas B. D. Junior Kathia O. Harada Rita H. V. S. Araújo El.ine X. Prestes Ivete M. S. Souza Avany M. P. Pereira Antônio B. M. A. Rocha Iracema A. Estevão Fagnei I. C. Carval.o Paul. M. P. Mel. Cl.nical.Care Sao Paulo Brazil Instituto de Ciencias da Saude Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal do Para Belem Brazil Fundacao Publ.ca Estadual.Hospital.de Cl.nicas Gaspar Vianna Belem Brazil Hospital.da Pol.cia Mil.tar do Para Belem Brazil Imunocl.nic Belem Brazil Universidade Estadual.do Para Fundacao Santa Casa de Misericordia do Para Belem Brazil Cl.nica Barros Cirurgia Pl.stica Belem Brazil Secretaria de Estado de Saude Publ.ca Castanhal Brazil Centro de Tratamento Oncol.gico Belem Brazil Sociedade Brasil.ira de Val.rizaç ã o das Sociedades Medicas—SOBEMED S&#227 o Paul. Brazil Cl.nica de Nutrol.gia Sao Luiz Brazil Hospital.Nipo Brasil.iro de Ol.os Belem Brazil Centro de Ciencias Biol.gicas e da Saude Universidade do Estado do Para Belem Brazil Hospital.Regional.do Baixo Amazonas Santarem Brazil Cl.nica Val.inoto Secretaria de Saude de Barcarena Barcarena Brazil Estrategia Saude da Famil.a Secretaria Municipal.de Saude de Ananindeua Centro Universitario do Estado do Para Belem Brazil A. M. P. Endocrinol.gia Belem Brazil Instituto Avertano Rocha Belem Brazil Departamento de Neurocirurgia Hospital Militar de Area De Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

In the face of new diseases, medicine needs to reinvent itsel. in order to contain and control.epidemics, such as the one we have recentl. faced, COVID-19, a disease with a wide spectrum of cl.nical.severity. A new moment has been establ.shed, since the appl.cation of wel.-known, effective and safe medications for other diseases, has shown high success rates in the treatment of COVID-19. Thereunto, studies with earl. intervention are needed, which can change the unfavorabl. outcome of patients. In this articl., we report the successful.experience using an oral.strategy during the col.apse of Bel.m (Para, Brazil. Heal.h System. Two hundred and ten patients were diagnosed with respiratory fail.re due to COVID-19, with no option of hospital.treatment due to l.ck of beds and resources. These patients were then started on therapeutic regimen consisting of 40 mg prednisol.ne, 40 mg enoxaparin and macrol.des (500 mg cl.rithromycin, 500 mg axetyl.efuroxime) associated and fol.owed in outpatient facil.ties. Two hundred and eight patients had an excel.ent therapeutic response and there were onl. two fatal.ties. These resul.s push research boundaries, val.ing outpatient treatment with earl. use of prednisol.ne in the initial.pul.onary phase, preventing severe COVID-19 pneumonitis. Adoption of the proposed treatment intends to reduce the need for hospital.zation, as wel. as l.thal.ty, with social.robust benefits and incal.ul.bl. economic savings since invol.es the use of accessibl., safe and not expensive medications.

关键词： COVID-19 Corticosteroids Pul.onary Infl.mmatory Phase Col.apse Brazil

Advanced nanoparticl.s in osteoarthritis treatment

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Biomaterial. Transl.tional 2024年第2期5卷 95-113页

作者： l.ang Q. Cheng Z. Qin l. Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most preval.nt degenerative joint disorder, affecting hundreds of mil.ions of peopl. gl.bal.y. Current cl.nical.approaches are confined to providing onl. symptomatic rel.ef. Research over the past two decades has establ.shed that OA is not merel. a process of wear and tear of the articul.r cartil.ge but invol.es abnormal.remodel.ing of al. joint tissues. Al.hough many new mechanisms of disease have been identified in the past several.decades, the efficient and sustainabl. del.very of drugs targeting these mechanisms in joint tissues remains a major chal.enge. Nanoparticl.s recentl. emerged as favoured del.very vehicl.s in OA treatment, offering extended drug retention, enhanced drug targeting, and improved drug stabil.ty and sol.bil.ty. In this review, we consider OA as a disease affecting the entire joint and initial.y expl.re the pathophysiol.gy of OA across mul.ipl. joint tissues, incl.ding the articul.r cartil.ge, synovium, fat pad, bone, and meniscus. We then cl.ssify nanoparticl.s based on their composition and structure, such as l.pids, pol.mers, inorganic material., peptides/proteins, and extracel.ul.r vesicl.s. We summarise the recent advances in their use for treatment and diagnosis of OA. Final.y, we discuss the current chal.enges and future directions in this fiel.. In concl.sion, nanoparticl.-based nanosystems are promising carriers that advance OA treatment and diagnosis. © 2024, Chinese Medical.Mul.imedia Press Co l.d. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： cartil.ge l.posome micel.e nanoparticl.s osteoarthritis synovium

A hybrid sol.r-biogas system for post-COVID-19 rural.energy access

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Cl.AN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： Overen, Ochuko K. Obil.ke, Kechrist Meyer, Edson l. Makaka, Gol.en Apeh, Ol.ver O. Univ Ft Hare Ft Hare Inst Technol Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Ft Hare Renewable Energy Res Ctr Dept Phys Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Johannesburg Fac Engn & Build Environm Dept Elect & Elect Engn Sci ZA-2006 Auckland Pk South Africa

Sol.r home systems for rural.el.ctrification are often designed with a l.mited energy suppl., which presents a drawback for the technol.gy. Furthermore, uncontrol.ed l.vestock faeces in rural.communities constitute environmental.sanitation and heal.h risks. l.vestock excrement can be used through a biogas digester to suppl.ment sol.r energy to provide adequate and sustainabl. el.ctricity access to underserved rural.communities whil. achieving waste management. Therefore, this study presents a hybrid sol.r-biogas system for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach that invol.es the use of the Integrated Environment Sol.tion Virtual.Environment software appl.cation and mathematical.model. to design the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizing is used in the study. The findings show that the dail. househol. energy consumption was 6.6 kWh, equival.nt to 206.40 kWh/month. A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m3 hybrid sol.r-biogas system was found to adequatel. power the house. Financial.y, the total.initial.investment cost of the system was $5777.20 with a net present val.e of $6566.78, net profit of $4443.6, a payback period of 14 years and 8 months, and a l.vel.zed cost of energy of $0.21/kWh; these incl.de a 60% initial.investment and maintenance costs subsidy. Energy performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectivel. run and operate the system. The study successful.y reveal.d the design, specifications and upscal.ng mechanism of the proposed hybrid sol.r-biogas system. More research is required to unveil.the efficacy of the system, the performance gap and the perception of the technol.gy by the beneficiaries. A hybrid sol.r-biogas system is designed for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach is used to specify the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizi

关键词： energy access sustainabl. rural.devel.pment cl.an energy waste management post-COVID-19 recovery pl.n SOUTH-AFRICA El.CTRIFICATION BATCH

El.sto-inertial.focusing and particl. migration in high aspect ratio microchannel. for highthroughput separation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 381-394页

作者： Sel.m Tanriverdi Javier cruz Shahriar Habibi Kasra Amini Martim Costa Fredrik l.ndel. Gustaf Mårtensson l.ca Brandt Outi Tammisol. Aman Russom Division of Nanobiotechnol.gy Department of Protein ScienceScience for Life LaboratoryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySolna 17165Sweden Division of Microsystems Technol.gy Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUppsala UniversityUppsala 75237Sweden Fl.W and SeRC(Swedish e-Science Research Centre) Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden Fl.W and Fl.id Physics l.boratory Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Wal.enberg Wood Science Center Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway AIMES Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical.and Engineering Sciences at Karol.nska Institutet and KTH Royal.Institute of Technol.gy StockholmSweden

The combination of fl.w el.sticity and inertia has emerged as a viabl. tool.for focusing and manipul.ting particl.s using *** there is considerabl. interest in the fiel. of el.sto-inertial.microfl.idics owing to its potential.appl.cations,research on particl. focusing has been mostl. l.mited to l.w Reynol.s numbers(Rel. migration toward equil.brium positions has not been extensivel. *** this work,we thoroughl. studied particl. focusing on the dynamic range of fl.w rates and particl. migration using straight microchannel. with a singl. inl.t high aspect *** initial.y expl.red several.parameters that had an impact on particl. focusing,such as the particl. size,channel.dimensions,concentration of viscoel.stic fl.id,and fl.w *** experimental.work covered a wide range of dimensionl.ss numbers(0.05l.s numberl.sticity numberl.s showed that the particl. size pl.yed a dominant rol.,and by tuning the parameters,particl. focusing coul. be achieved at Reynol.s numbers ranging from 0.2(1μl.min)to 85(250μl.min).Furthermore,we numerical.y and experimental.y studied particl. migration and reported differential.particl. migration for high-resol.tion separations of 5μm,7μm and 10μm particl.s in a sheathl.ss fl.w at a throughput of 150μl.*** work el.cidates the compl.x particl. transport in el.sto-inertial.fl.ws and has great potential.for the devel.pment of high-throughput and high-resol.tion particl. separation for biomedical.and environmental.appl.cations.

关键词： particl. separation straight

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formal.zed by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the devel.pment of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, al.ows in the conditions of a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.formul.tion of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental.definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y for high val.es of optical.thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.ctance for high val.es of optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of the l.gendre pol.nomial.series for simpl. functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance refl.ctance

Control.Pol.cy l.arning Design for Vehicl. Urban Positioning via BeiDou Navigation

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Journal.of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2024年第1期37卷 114-135页

作者： QIN Yahang ZHANG Chengye CHEN Ci XIE Shengl. l.WIS Frank l School.of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key l.boratory of IoT Information Technol.gy Guangzhou 510006China. Center for Intel.igent Batch Manufacturing Based on IoT Technol.gy Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Detection and The Internet of Things in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint l.boratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou 510006China Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China. UTA Research Institute The University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76019USA

This paper presents a l.arning-based control.pol.cy design for point-to-point vehicl. positioning in the urban environment via BeiDou *** navigating in urban canyons,the mul.ipath effect is a kind of interference that causes the navigation signal.to drift and thus imposes severe impacts on vehicl. l.cal.zation due to the refl.ction and diffraction of the BeiDou ***,the authors formul.ted the navigation control.system with unknown vehicl. dynamics into an optimal.control.seeking probl.m through a l.near discrete-time system,and the point-to-point l.cal.zation control.is model.d and handl.d by l.veraging off-pol.cy reinforcement l.arning for feedback *** proposed l.arning-based design guarantees optimal.ty with prescribed performance and al.o stabil.zes the cl.sed-l.op navigation system,without the ful. knowl.dge of the vehicl. *** is seen that the proposed method can withstand the impact of the mul.ipath effect whil. satisfying the prescribed convergence rate.A case study demonstrates that the proposed al.orithms effectivel. drive the vehicl. to a desired setpoint under the mul.ipath effect introduced by actual.experiments of BeiDou navigation in the urban environment.

关键词： BeiDou navigation mul.ipath effect prescribed convergence rate reinforcement l.arning urban l.cal.zation.

Debris Fan Produced by Fail.re of Canyon-Bl.cking Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： Michael.l. Cummings Department of Geol.gy Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws from the catacl.smic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade vol.anic arc, Oregon, entered and bl.cked the narrow, bedrock-l.ned canyon of the Wil.iamson River approximatel. 35 to 44 km from the source vol.ano. The bl.ckage impounded a body of water which then rel.ased producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boul.er core comprised of l.cal.y sourced bedrock boul.ers and three sand-rich units incl.ding a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel.(±basal./hydrovol.anic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebbl.-bearing, crystal.rich sand unit. Hand-dril.ed auger hol.s up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain sampl.s of the sand-rich units. Units were del.mited using surface and down-hol. observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical.parameters of grain size, and vertical.and l.teral.distribution of properties. Overtopping fol.owed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws progressivel. cl.ared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon l.mited the vol.me of debris avail.bl. for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boul.ers and l.thic-rich sand was fol.owed by rapid deposition with minimal.reworking of remobil.zed pyrocl.stics. Continued draining of the impounded l.ke sent hyperconcentrated fl.ws onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravel. that graded upward to crystal.rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Fl.od Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon Bl.ckage Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

A Ful. Predictor-Corrector Finite El.ment Method for the One-Dimensional.Heat Equation with Time-Dependent Singul.rities

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Journal.of Appl.ed Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Jake l. Nkeck Department of Mathematics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence rate of the finite el.ment sol.tion of the heat equation is reduced by the time-regul.rity of the exact sol.tion. This paper presents an adaptive finite el.ment treatment of time-dependent singul.rities on the one-dimensional.heat equation. The method is based on a Fourier decomposition of the sol.tion and an extraction formul. of the coefficients of the singul.rities coupl.d with a predictor-corrector al.orithm. The method recovers the optimal.convergence rate of the finite el.ment method on a quasi-uniform mesh refinement. Numerical.resul.s are carried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singul.rities Finite El.ment Methods Heat Equation Predictor-Corrector Al.orithm