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Managing panniculitis in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: Systematic review of evidence behind treatment

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World Journal of Dermatology 2018年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Donah K Sabbagh behrad barmayehvar Thanh Nguyen Ross G Edgar Alice M Turner the Medical Research Institute of New Zealand (MRINZ) CSB Building Wellington Hospital Department of Colorectal Surgery the Royal Wolverhampton Trust Department of Intensive Care United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust Therapy Services University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Institute of Applied Health Research University of Birmingham

AIM To systematically review literature for management of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD) panniculitis. METHODS Multiple databases were searched using combinations of pertinent terms. Articles were selected describing panniculitis treatment in patients with AAT < 11 μmol and/or PiZZ genotype, with no language limitation. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. Independent review of abstracts and full manuscripts was conducted by 2 reviewers, and quality assessment by one reviewer(checked by a second). Data extraction was conducted byone reviewer(checked by a second). Narrative synthesis only was conducted, as data were unsuitable for *** Thirty-two case reports and 4 case series were found. Augmentation therapy(infusions of plasma-derived AAT) was the most successful, with complete resolution of symptoms in all patients. Dapsone is a less expensive option, and it achieved clinical resolution in 62% of patients, but it is very poorly tolerated. Among other single-agent antibiotics, doxycycline was the most successful with complete clinical resolution seen in 33% of patients. Immunosuppressants were largely unsuccessful; 80% of patients exhibited no response. Liver transplantation and therapeutic plasma exchange displayed complete resolution in 66% of patients. Other strategies, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics other than dapsone did not show sufficient response rates to recommend their use. Authors note the risk of bias imposed by the type of evidence(case reports, case series) available in this *** Dapsone is the recommended first line therapy for AATD panniculitis, followed by augmentation therapy. Plasma exchange may be an alternative in the setting of rapidly progressive disease.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Dermatological treatment Panniculitis Dapsone Augmentation therapy

Aero-thermal redesign of a high pressure turbine nozzle guide vane

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Propulsion and Power Research 2019年第4期8卷 310-319页

作者： Hadi Yavari Ali Khavari Mohammad Alizadeh behrad Kashfi Hiwa Khaledi School of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran Islamic Azad University Science and Research BranchTehranIran College of Engineering University of TehranTehranIran K.N.Toosi University of Technology TehranIran

The current article presents conceptual,preliminary and detailed aero-thermal redesign of a typical high pressure turbine nozzle guide *** targets are lower coolant consumption,reduced manufacturing costs and improved *** goals are sought by 25%reduction in vane count number and lower number of airfoils per *** challenges such as higher airfoil loading,associate aerodynamic losses and higher thermal loads are *** order to maximize coolant flow reduction and avoid higher aerodynamic losses,airfoil Mach distribution is carefully *** has been an effort to limit design changes so that the proven design features of the original vane are used as much as ***,the same cooling concept is used with minor modifications of the internal structures in order to achieve desired coolant flow and internal heat transfer *** of the new design are quite similar to the original one except for cooling holes and application of thermal barrier coating(TBC).Detailed aerodynamics/heat transfer simulations reveals that the reduced trailing edge(T.E.)blockage and skin friction dominated the negative effect of increased secondary *** a result the reduced design performs acceptable in terms of total pressure loss and improving stage efficiency for a wide range of varying pressure ***,more than 20%cooling mass flow can be saved;while maximum and average metal temperatures as well as cross sectional temperature gradients have not been changed much.

关键词： Vane count number Aero-thermal redesign Cooling mass flow consumption High pressure nozzle guide vane Turbine aerodynamics

Optimization of operating conditions in the steam turbine blade cascade using the black-box method

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Propulsion and Power Research 2023年第4期12卷 467-485页

作者： Vahid Sadrian Esmail Lakzian Davood Hoseinzade behrad Haghighi M.M.Rashidi Heuy Dong Kim Center of Computational Energy Department of Mechanical EngineeringHakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevarIran Department of Mechanical Engineering Andong National UniversityAndongSouth Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Vali-e-Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Faculty of Science University of JohannesburgPO Box 524Auckland Park 2006South Africa

Water droplets cause corrosion and erosion,condensation loss,and thermal efficiency reduction in low-pressure steam *** this study,multi-objective optimization was carried out using the black-box method through the automatic linking of a genetic algorithm(GA)and a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)code to find the optimal values of two design variables(inlet stagnation temperature and cascade pressure ratio)to reduce wetness in the last stages of *** wet steam flow numerical model was used to calculate the optimization parameters,including wetness fraction rate,mean droplet radius,erosion rate,condensation loss rate,kinetic energy rate,and mass flow *** the validation results showed a good agreement between the experimental data and the numerical *** to the optimization results,the inlet stagnation temperature and the cascade pressure ratio were proposed to be 388.67(K)and 0.55(-),*** particular,the suggested optimaltemperature and pressure ratio improved the liquid mass fraction and mean droplet radius by about 32%and 29%,***,in the identified optimal operating state,the ratios of erosion,condensation loss,and kinetic energy fell by 76%,32.7%,and 15.85%,respectively,while the mass flow rate ratio rose by 0.68%.

关键词： Black-box optimization Wet steam flow Steam turbine cascade Erosion rate Condensation loss

Video Compression USING a New Active Mesh Based Motion Compensation Algorithm in Wavelet Sub-Bands

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2012年第3期3卷 368-376页

作者： Mohammad Hossein Bisjerdi Alireza behrad Shahed University

In this paper, a new mesh based algorithm is applied for motion estimation and compensation in the wavelet domain. The first major contribution of this work is the introduction of a new active mesh based method for motion estimation and compensation. The proposed algorithm is based on the mesh energy minimization with novel sets of energy functions. The proposed energy functions have appropriate features, which improve the accuracy of motion estimation and compensation algorithm. We employ the proposed motion estimation algorithm in two different manners for video compression. In the first approach, the proposed algorithm is employed for motion estimation of consecutive frames. In the second approach, the algorithm is applied for motion estimation and compensation in the wavelet sub-bands. The experimental results reveal that the incorporation of active mesh based motion-compensated temporal filtering into wavelet sub-bands significantly improves the distortion performance rate of the video compression. We also use a new wavelet coder for the coding of the 3D volume of coefficients based on the retained energy criteria. This coder gives the maximum retained energy in all sub-bands. The proposed algorithm was tested with some video sequences and the results showed that the use of the proposed active mesh method for motion compensation and its implementation in sub-bands yields significant improvement in PSNR performance.

关键词： Motion Estimation and Compensation Video Compression Active Mesh Method Wavelet Sub-Bands

Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第28期23卷 5097-5114页

作者： Ali Salaritabar behrad Darvishi Farzaneh Hadjiakhoondi Azadeh Manayi Antoni Sureda Seyed Fazel Nabavi Leo R Fitzpatrick Seyed Mohammad Nabavi Anupam Bishayee Department of Integrative oncology Breast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECR Department of Recombinant Protein Breast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteACECR Medicinal Plants Research Center Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical Sciences Research Group on Community Nutrition and oxidative Stress and CIBERo BN-Physiopathology of obesity and Nutrition University of Balearic IslandsPalma de Mallorca Applied Biotechnology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences California Northstate University College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyLarkin University

The inflammatory process plays a central role in the development and progression of numerous pathological situations,such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases,metabolic syndrome,and cardiovascular disorders. IBDs involve inflammation of the gastrointestinal area and mainly comprise Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC). Both pathological situations usually involve recurring or bloody diarrhea,pain,fatigue and weight loss. There is at present no pharmacological cure for CD or UC. However,surgery may be curative for UC patients. The prescribed treatment aims to ameliorate the symptoms and prevent and/or delay new painful episodes. Flavonoid compounds are a large family of hydroxylated polyphenolic molecules abundant in plants,including vegetables and fruits which are the major dietary sources of these compounds for humans,together with wine and tea. Flavonoids are becoming very popular because they have many health-promoting and disease-preventive effects. Most interest has been directed towards the antioxidant activity of flavonoids,evidencing a remarkable free-radical scavenging capacity. However,accumulating evidence suggests that flavonoids have many other biological properties,including anti-inflammatory,antiviral,anticancer,and neuroprotective activities through different mechanisms of action. The present review analyzes the available data about the different types of flavonoids and their potential effectiveness as adjuvant therapy of IBDs.

关键词： Antioxidant Inflammation Gastrointestinal tract Flavonoids Polyphenols

Biochar Effect on Cadmium Accumulation and Phytoremediation Factors by Lavender (<i>Lavandula stoechas</i>L.)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2017年第7期7卷 447-459页

作者： Seyyed behrad Hashemi Mohammadreza Momayezi Daryoush Taleei Innovative Technologies in Functional Food Production Research Center Varamin-Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Medicinal Plants Research Center Shahed University Tehran Iran

The contaminated soil has become a global problem for agricultural and environmental scientists. The soil as a natural resource is polluted by cadmium as a heavy metals from the different sources such as phosphorus fertilizers. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochar effect on absorption factor (AF) and translocation factor (TF) as the phytoremediation factors at different cadmium concentrations by lavender plant. The experiment was conducted in 3 × 4 factorial design including biochar treatment at the volumetric percentage ratio of 0%, 20% and 40% v/v and cadmium treatment at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg Cd⋅kg−1 soil under greenhouse condition. The data analysis indicated that the biochar and cadmium treatments significantly (p ≤0.05) affected the plant dry biomass. The biochar addition caused to decrease the cadmium content of the root tissue. Biochar decreased cadmium uptake by lavender plant and also cadmium was accumulated by the root tissue and was prevented to translocate cadmium into the shoot tissue. Increasing cadmium concentration in soil caused an increase in cadmium adsorption factor however there was a significant decrease for translocation factor. It can be concluded to consider the possibility of planting the lavender with biochar application to amend the cadmium contaminated soils.

关键词： Biochar Cadmium Contaminated Soil Phytoremediation Lavender Translocation Factor Absorption Factor

Reduced Complexity Turbo Multi User Detection for a CDMA System Using M-ary PSK

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Reduced Complexity Turbo Multi User Detection for a CDMA Sys...

A Novel Adaptive Neural Network Compensator as Applied to Position Control of a Pneumatic System

2006 10th International Conference on Communication Technology（ICCT 2006）

作者： behrad Mahboobi Said Nader-Esfahani School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TehranTehran Iran

In CDMA systems, turbo multi user detection for multiple access interference cancellation and channel decoding in CDMA systems has an exponentially growing complexity with number of users. In these systems, when bandwidth efficient modulations like M-ary PSK are used another exponential factor that is relates to the levels of modulation prohibitively increases the computational complexity of the receiver. In this paper we have examined a symbol based reduced complexity multi user detector, for coded and un-coded CDMA system, with a performance very near to optimal detector while having extremely low complexity. We have introduced a design formula for the required Hamming distance value for no loss in performance. Simulation results of coded and un-coded CDMA system verify the performance of our reduced complexity detector that we expect.

关键词： Turbo multi user non-binary PSK convulutional code Reduced complexity Hamming distance.

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2011年第4期2卷 388-395页

作者： behrad Dehghan Sasan Taghizadeh Brian Surgenor Mohammed Abu-Mallouh 不详

Considerable research has been conducted on the control of pneumatic systems. However, nonlinearities continue to limit their performance. To compensate, advanced nonlinear and adaptive control strategies can be used. But the more successful advanced strategies typically need a mathematical model of the system to be controlled. The advantage of neural networks is that they do not require a model. This paper reports on a study whose objective is to explore the potential of a novel adaptive on-line neural network compensator (ANNC) for the position control of a pneumatic gantry robot. It was found that by combining ANNC with a traditional PID controller, tracking performance could be improved on the order of 45% to 70%. This level of performance was achieved after careful tuning of both the ANNC and PID components. The paper sets out to document the ANNC algorithm, the adopted tuning procedure, and presents experimental results that illustrate the adaptive nature of NN and confirms the performance achievable with ANNC. A major contribution is demonstration that tuning of ANNC requires no more effort than the tuning of PID.

关键词： Gantry Robot Servopneumatics Neural Networks Adaptive Control PID Control

Improving efficiency and saving money in an otolaryngology urgent referral clinic

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第6期3卷 495-498页

作者： Nader Ibrahim Jagdeep Virk Jason George behrad Elmiyeh Arvind Singh Department of Otolaryngology Queen’s Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Northwick Park Hospital

A closed loop audit of the ear nose and throat(ENT) urgent referral clinic at a London hospital was conducted assessing the number of patients reviewed,referral source, appropriateness of referral, presenting complaint and assigned follow-up appointments. Data was sourced from clinic letters and the patient appointment system over a 3-mo period. The initial cycle analysed 490 patients and the subsequent cycle 396. The initial audit yielded clinically relevant and cost effective recommendations which were implemented, and the audit cycle was subsequently repeated. The reaudit demonstrated decreased clinic numbers from an average 9.8 to 7.2 patients per clinic, in keeping with ENT United Kingdom guidelines. A 21% decrease in patient follow-up and 13% decrease in inappropriate referrals was achieved. Direct bookings into outpatient clinics decreased by 8%, due to correct referral pathway utilisation. Comparisons of all data sets were found to show statistical significance P < 0.05. We reported a total financial saving of ￡32490 in a period of 3 mo(￡590 per clinic). We demonstrated that simple guidelines, supervision and consultant-led education which are nonlabour intensive can have a significant impact on service provision and cost.

关键词： Otorhinolaryngologic diseases Quality of health care Clinical audit Practice guideline Total quality management Ambulatory care facilities