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Geometric investigation of entrance proportions of houses from the Qajar to the beginning of the early Pahlavi in Dezful City(1789—1979)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 57-78页

作者： Raziyeh Rezadoost Dezfuli Mohammad Mehrakizadeh behnaz safar ali najar Hassan Bazazzadeh Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad Department of Architecture Poznan University of Technology61-131 PoznanPoland Department of Architecture and Urban Planning Jundi Shapur University of TechnologyDezfulIran College of Engineering and Architecture University of Nizwa616 Birkat Al MawzOman Department of Architecture Faculty of Art and ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Due to the importance of the historical context of Dezful City,investigating historic buildings is *** unfortunately,a large part of it is being *** this reason,it is essential to discover the guidelines and logic behind the architectural design of these buildings to help their reconstruction or ***,there is no logical information about the components of this context and the reconstructions are usually done according to taste and based on architecture tested or personal ***,it is necessary to find a logic behind these critical components that support the whole plan or parts of it in a particular *** purpose of this research is to discover and find the logic behind the design of this building in the historical context of *** geometrical proportions can significantly help to reconstruct buildings better and more *** this purpose,30 historical houses of Dezful were randomly selected,and their input information was drawn in 2D form in ***,the length,width,and height proportions were measured,and the obtained ratios were compared with the golden proportions and dynamic *** paper studies entrance based on ratios of√2,√3,√4,√4,√1.25 andφ(the golden section).The results show that golden proportions and proportions derived from dynamic rectangles are present in the wording of all ***,the range of ratios in the plan is from 1.34 to 2,and the content of changes in the section is from 1.22 to *** results can help architects,and particularly building owners,to reconstruct based on existing logic by discovering the proportions of the entrances of the *** is possible to administer a part of the damaged tissue and estimate its dimensions and sizes because the proportions’completeness can help revive half-destroyed historical buildings.

关键词： Proportions Historical houses House entrance Dezful city Qajar period to early Pahlavi

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Relationship between fatigue life of asphalt concrete and polypropylene/polyester fibers using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第5期22卷 1937-1946页

作者： Morteza Vadood Majid safar Johari ali Reza Rahai Textile Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology

While various kinds of fibers are used to improve the hot mix asphalt(HMA) performance, a few works have been undertaken on the hybrid fiber-reinforced HMA. Therefore, the fatigue life of modified HMA samples using polypropylene and polyester fibers was evaluated and two models namely regression and artificial neural network(ANN) were used to predict the fatigue life based on the fibers parameters. As ANN contains many parameters such as the number of hidden layers which directly influence the prediction accuracy, genetic algorithm(GA) was used to solve optimization problem for ANN. Moreover, the trial and error method was used to optimize the GA parameters such as the population size. The comparison of the results obtained from regression and optimized ANN with GA shows that the two-hidden-layer ANN with two and five neurons in the first and second hidden layers, respectively, can predict the fatigue life of fiber-reinforced HMA with high accuracy(correlation coefficient of 0.96).

关键词： hot mix asphalt fatigue property reinforced fiber artificial neural network genetic algorithm

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Investigation of factors affecting rural drinking water consumption using intelligent hybrid models

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 175-183页

作者： alireza Mehrabani Bashar Hamed Nozari safar Marofi Mohamad Mohamadi Ahad Ahadiiman Department of Water Science and Engineering Faculty of AgricultureBu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan 65178-38695Iran University of Kurdistan Sanandaj 66177-15175Iran Sustainable Development Office of Hamedan Water and Wastewater Company Hamedan 65159-14478Iran

Identifying the factors affecting drinking water consumption is essential to the rational management of water resources and effective environment protection. In this study, the effects of the factors on rural drinking water demand were studied using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and hybrid models, such as the ANFIS-genetic algorithm (GA), ANFIS-particle swarm optimization (PSO), and support vector machine (SVM)-simulated annealing (SA). The rural areas of Hamadan Province in Iran were selected for the case study. Five drinking water consumption factors were selected for the assessment according to the literature, data availability, and the characteristics of the study area (such as precipitation, relative humidity, temperature, the number of subscribers, and water price). The results showed that the standard errors of ANFIS, ANFIS-GA, ANFIS-PSO, and SVM-SA were 0.669, 0.619, 0.705, and 0.578, respectively. Therefore, the hybrid model SVM-SA outperformed other models. The sensitivity analysis showed that of the parameters affecting drinking water consumption, the number of subscribers significantly affected the water consumption rate, while the average temperature was the least significant factor. Water price was a factor that could be easily controlled, but it was always one of the least effective parameters due to the low water fee.

关键词： ANFIS Water distribution network Simulated annealing algorithm Support vector machine Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

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Biochar for Sustainable Soil Health:A Review of Prospects and Concerns

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 639-653页

作者： Aabid H.LONE Ghulam R.najar Mumtaz A.GANIE Javid A.SOFI Tahir ali Division of Soil Science Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Shalimar Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Research Centre for Quality and Residue Analysis Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Biochar as a soil amendment is confronted with the challenge that it must benefit soil health as it can be by no means separated from soils once it is added. The available literature even though sparse and mostly based on short-term studies has been encouraging and the trend obtained so far has raised many hopes. Biochar has been reported to positively impact an array of soil processes ranging from benefiting soil biology, controlling soil-borne pathogens, enhancing nitrogen fixation, improving soil physical and chemical properties,decreasing nitrate(NO-3) leaching and nitrous oxide(N2O) emission to remediation of contaminated soils. However, very little biochar is still utilized as soil amendment mainly because these benefits are yet to be quantified, and also the mechanisms by which the soil health is improved are poorly understood. Due to the infancy of research regarding this subject, there are still more questions than answers. The future research efforts must focus on carrying out long-term experiments and uncover the mechanisms underlying these processes so that key concerns surrounding the use of biochar are addressed before its large scale application is recommended.

关键词：土壤健康生物炭土壤改良剂综述发现机制生物学过程土传病害化学性质

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外商直接投资对阿富汗经济增长的影响

外商直接投资对阿富汗经济增长的影响

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作者： Kazemi safar ali 江西财经大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究的目的是评估和研究外国直接投资对阿富汗经济发展的影响,并将自变量与外国直接投资因变量联系起来。因此,选取的时间轴是从1987年到2017年。采用普遍最小二乘回归模型定量法。选择OLS模型是因为它是许多先前研究人员常用的研究模... 详细信息

本研究的目的是评估和研究外国直接投资对阿富汗经济发展的影响,并将自变量与外国直接投资因变量联系起来。因此,选取的时间轴是从1987年到2017年。采用普遍最小二乘回归模型定量法。选择OLS模型是因为它是许多先前研究人员常用的研究模型,并且由于其能够使本研究的偏差最小化,而完全符合主题。从1987年至2017年期间,本研究引用了之前的数据,数据来源于世界银行的世界发展指标。收集的数据包括国内生产总值(GDP)数据,在这种情况下用作因变量,用于衡量阿富汗的经济增长。其他收集的信息包括自变量数据,包括外国直接投资(FDI),出口(EX),进口(IM),政府支出(GE)和国民收入(NI)。本文分析了1987-2017年期间外国直接投资流入对阿富汗经济增长的影响,因此回归是本文的重要组成部分,可以凭经验得出可接受的结论性结果。用于此分析的OLS模型,它是帮助我们进行回归分析的基本模型。该研究还采用了线性回归的基本生产函数。在模型中,GDP作为因变量,而作为外国直接投资的其他变量,出口,进口,政府支出和国民收入是自变量。在我们的研究结果中,我们发现外国直接投资对阿富汗的经济增长有积极影响。进口数据也很重要,与外国直接投资呈正相关。政府支出对外国直接投资流入具有负面的影响,而进口数据与外国直接投资呈负相关。另一方面,国民收入与外国直接投资的关系不大。研究建议,政府应该在其正式机构上做出更多的努力,以确保形成问责制和保证透明度,从而吸引更多的外企投资,这可能有利于经济的增长。政府应投资于道路和电信服务等基础设施,使投资者的流动性和协调性增强。该研究还建议建立有效的税收制度,对投资者征税,这可能会吸引更多的投资者,从而增加GDP。尽管本文已经做了一些足够的经验分析外国直接投资对经济增长的影响,但作为自变量的衡量可能无法完全解释外国直接投资对阿富汗经济的影响,因此本文建议使用未来的其他变量,如外汇,通货膨胀和劳动力。

关键词： FDI 经济增长 GDP 影响经济阿富汗

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The Viewpoint of Community Pharmacists about Their Professional Role in Dispensing Beauty Products: A Study from Western Region of Saudi Arabia

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2021年第3期12卷 63-72页

作者： ali Mofleh Alshahrani Taghreed Mubarak Alotaibi Nawal safar Alrabie Bashayer Mohammed Althobaiti Fatimah Nasser Alshelawi Maram Abdullah Althobaiti Mona Yaser Alsheikh Ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taif University Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: Community pharmacists play a significant role in dispensing and counseling about medications and pharmaceuticals including beauty and cosmetic products. Aims and Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess the viewpoint of community pharmacists in the Western region of Saudi Arabia about their professional role in dispensing beauty products. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2019 using an online questionnaire. Expert professors from college of pharmacy, Taif University validated the questionnaire. Results: Five hundred seventy-seven community pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were male (99%) and aged 23 - 34 years old (71.1%). Slightly less than half (45.58%) of community pharmacists have 6 - 10 years of experience. Most pharmacists (96.9%) communicate directly with customers/ patients and most of them (85.3%) ask and counsel patients about their product. Pharmacists strongly agreed that pharmacists must keep in developing their communication skills with customers/patients. Conclusion: Most of the community pharmacists surveyed in this study reported a good perceived knowledge and attitudes and demonstrated an acceptable level of practices regarding beauty products. Saudi FDA is encouraged to adopt Good Pharmacy Practice standards and guidelines to improve current practice of community pharmacists concerning Beauty Products.

关键词： Community Pharmacies Pharmacists Beauty Products Cosmetics Saudi Arabia

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Large inter annual variation in air quality during the annual festival ‘Diwali' in an Indian megacity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 265-272页

作者： Neha Parkhi Dilip Chate Sachin D.Ghude Sunil Peshin Anoop Mahajan Reka Srinivas Divya Surendran Kaushar ali Siddhartha Singh Hanumant Trimbake Gufran Beig Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pashan Pune India India Meteorological Department New Delhi India

A network of air quality and weather monitoring stations was established under the System of Air Quality Forecasting and Research（safar） project in Delhi. We report observations of ozone（O_3）, nitrogen oxides（NO_x）, carbon monoxide（CO） and particulate matter（PM_2.5and PM_（10）） before, during and after the Diwali in two consecutive years, i.e., November 2010 and October 2011. The Diwali days are characterised by large firework displays throughout India. The observations show that the background concentrations of particulate matter are between 5 and 10 times the permissible limits in Europe and the United States. During the Diwali-2010, the highest observed PM_（10） and PM_2.5mass concentration is as high as2070 μg/m^3 and 1620 μg/m3, respectively（24 hr mean）, which was about 20 and 27 times to National Ambient Air Quality Standards（NAAQS）. For Diwali-2011, the increase in PM_（10） and PM_2.5mass concentrations was much less with their peaks of 600 and of 390 μg/m^3 respectively, as compared to the background concentrations. Contrary to previous reports,firework display was not found to strongly influence the NO_x, and O_3 mixing ratios, with the increase within the observed variability in the background. CO mixing ratios showed an increase. We show that the large difference in 2010 and 2011 pollutant concentrations is controlled by weather parameters.

关键词： Particulate pollution Fireworks Trace gases System of Air Quality Forecasting and Research(safar) Air quality Diwali

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