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Phytoche.ical Scre.ning, Toxicity, Analge.ic and Anti-Pyre.ic Studie. of Aque.us Le.f e.tract of <i>Ple.tranthus barbatus</i>[Andre.s. e.gl.] in Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2019年第4期10卷 205-221页

作者： Jose.h O. C. e.e.nwume.u Gloria N. Kawooya Aiyabalu G. Okoruwa Samue. Sunday Dare.Je.nife. C. e.osie.Ambrose.A. Akunne.Julius Kihdze.Tanaye. bede e. udechukwu De.artme.t of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Bushenyi Uganda Kampala Inte.national Unive.sity Comple.e.tary and Alte.native.Me.icine.Re.e.rch (KIUCAMRe.) Group Western Campus Ishaka Bushenyi Uganda De.artme.t of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy School of Pharmacy Kilimanjaro International University Dar es salaam Tanzania De.artme.t of Anatomy Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Bushenyi Uganda School of He.lth and Me.ical Scie.ce. Catholic University in Cameroon Bamenda Cameroon De.artme.t of Pharmacology and Toxicology Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Bushenyi Uganda

Ple.tranthus barbatus is a popular tropical pe.e.nial plant with a wide.varie.y of traditional me.icinal use. in tropical Africa, Hindu, Ayurve.ic and traditional me.icine. of Brazil and China. The.whole.plant and the.le.ve. have.many folkloric use. for dive.se.ailme.ts including pain, he.rt dise.se. convulsions, coughs and colds, asthma, bronchitis and tonsillitis among othe.s. This study inve.tigate. the.phytoche.ical compone.ts, acute.toxicity, analge.ic and anti-pyre.ic activitie. of the.aque.us le.f e.tract of Ple.tranthus barbatus locally known as e.ize.ra in Uganda. The.plant le.ve. we.e.authe.ticate., colle.te. and de.oction was done.according to local me.hod. Phytoche.ical scre.ning was conducte. using me.hods outline. by Tre.se.and e.ans and Harborne.to de.e.mine.the.compone.ts of the.e.tract. Acute.toxicity te.ts we.e.conducte. in rats using modifie. Lorke.s me.hod to de.e.mine.the.safe.y of the.plant mate.ial. Analge.ic studie. we.e.carrie. out using both a me.hanical me.hod (the.mally induce. pain by tail-flick) and a che.ical me.hod (formalin induce. pain) in rats by administe.ing e.tracts orally at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of body we.ght. The.me.hod of Al-Ghamdi, modifie. for local laboratory se.ting by Adzu was adopte. and use. for anti-pyre.ic te.t. De.oction yie.de. 9.9% e.tract. Phytoche.ical scre.ning confirme. pre.e.ce.of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, te.pe.oids and e.se.tial oils. Acute.toxicity te.ts re.e.le. no de.ths in rats afte. oral tre.tme.t with up to 10,000 mg/kg of e.tract. Tail-flick te.t was non-significant (p > 0.05) while.formalin-induce. pain te.t de.onstrate. significant activity (p -te.ts. Anti-pyre.ic activity was non-significant (p > 0.05) with stude.t t-te.t. The.e.re.ults sugge.t that the.aque.us le.f e.tract of Ple.tranthus barbatus contains spe.ific phytoche.icals, has a pote.t dose.de.e.de.t analge.ic activity, no anti-pyre.ic activity and can be.re.arde. as a safe.me.icinal plant to use.traditionally, which might furthe.

关键词： Acute Toxicity Analge.ic Anti-Pyre.ic Ple.tranthus barbatus Phytoche.icals Rats

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e.ploying Wate. De.and Manage.e.t Option for the.Improve.e.t of Wate. Supply and Sanitation in Nige.ia

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Journal of Wate. Re.ource.and Prote.tion 2015年第8期7卷 624-635页

作者： e.ma e. e.e.waji bede M. e.uputa Jose.h e. Ogbuozobe De.artme.t of Ge.graphy and Me.e.rology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria De.artme.t of e.vironme.tal Manage.e.t Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

The.aim of this pape. is to asse.s the.importance.of Wate. De.and Manage.e.t (WDM) strate.y to the.improve.e.t of wate. supply and sanitation in Nige.ia. Pe.siste.t wate. supply shortage. and poor sanitation have.since.re.aine. important fe.ture. of the.Nige.ian urban and rural communitie.. Most ofte. gove.nme.tal solution to the.e.proble.s has be.n to de.e.op and e.ploit the.available.wate. re.ource. and the.le.e. of sanitation for the.pe.ple. This pre.ominant approach which is also known as augme.tation me.hod is supply drive. with the.primary purpose.be.ng how be.t to me.t the.pe.ce.ve. wate. and sanitation de.and. One.of the.major disadvantage. of this approach is the.huge.financial involve.e.t associate. with it. Conve.se.y, quite.re.e.tly wate. re.ource.manage.s have.be.un to dire.t atte.tion on how consume.s can be.motivate. to re.ulate.the.amount and manne. in which the. use.and dispose.wate. to alle.iate.pre.sure.on fre.hwate. supplie.. This ne. approach is known as wate. de.and manage.e.t. It is de.and drive. in that consume.s de.e.mine.the.r own wate. ne.d. e.ployme.t of WDM by consume.s e.pe.ially in wate. scarce.are.s as was discusse. in the.pape. will de.re.se.the.amount of wate. use. the.e.y limiting unne.e.sary financial e.pe.diture.in e.ploiting ne. source. to me.t the.e.e. incre.sing de.and.

关键词： Approach Asse.s De.and Manage.e.t Sustainable

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e.hancing Urban Wate. Supply through Rainwate. Colle.tion in e.ugu Town, Nige.ia

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Journal of Ge.scie.ce.and e.vironme.t Prote.tion 2016年第2期4卷 82-88页

作者： e.ma e. e.e.waji Chukwudi P. Nzoiwu bede M. e.uputa De.artme.t of Ge.graphy and Me.e.rology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria De.artme.t of Ge.graphy University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria De.artme.t of e.vironme.tal Manage.e.t Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

The.aim of the.study was to asse.s the.contributions of rainwate. to wate. supply of e.ugu me.ropolitan are.. To achie.e.this aim 42 ye.rs rainfall data (1971-2012) we.e.colle.te. from e.ugu airport as we.l as the.catchme.t are. of house.roofs in the.town from the.Ministrie. of Urban De.e.opme.t and Housing. Me.e.rological data (Rainfall) obtaine. we.e.te.te. for normality, while.ANOVA te.hnique.te.te. rainfall variance.among four de.ade. (70’s, 80’s, 90’s and 20’s) of the.study. Tre.d and Re.re.sion analyse. we.e.utilize. for the.long range.data. Finally, augme.te. Dicke.-Fulle. te.t (stationarity te.t) re.e.le. whe.he. the.inde.e.de.t variable.e.plaine. the.de.e.de.t. Re.ult shows that rainfall data we.e.normally distribute. and not significantly diffe.e.t in the.four de.ade. studie.. The.tre.d shows a ge.e.al incre.se.in rainfall amount ove. 42 ye.rs while.the.re.re.sion mode. indicate. that for e.e.y one.ye.r, rainfall amount incre.se. by 1.19 mm with a base.constant of 113.2 mm. The.amount of wate. re.lize. from rainfall in the.city for 2015, 2016 and 2017 base. on catchme.t are. of 102,500,000 m2 is 37,578,000, 37,742,000 and 37,967,000,315 litre. pe. annum, re.re.e.ting about 3% of total wate. supply in the.town e.uivale.t to comme.cial wate. de.and. Re.omme.dations include.re.ision of the.e.isting wate. policy to include.mandating re.ide.ts and shop owne.s to install catchme.t gutte.s to colle.t rain wate. from the.r roofs, promotion of a programme.of rainwate. harve.ting against ce.tain barrie.s with re.pe.t to socio-cultural be.ie.s and attitude. e.c.

关键词： Airport De.ade. Mode. Normality Urban

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Incorporating physiological knowle.ge.into corre.ative.spe.ie. distribution mode.s minimize. bias introduce. by the.choice.of calibration are.

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Marine.Life.Scie.ce.& Te.hnology 2024年第2期6卷 349-362页

作者： Zhixin Zhang Jinxin Zhou Jorge.García Molinos Ste.ano Mammola Ákos bede‑Faze.as Xiao Fe.g Daisuke.Kitazawa Jorge.Assis Tianlong Qiu Qiang Lin CAS Ke. Laboratory of Tropical Marine.Bio-re.ource. and e.ology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Guangdong Provincial Ke. Laboratory of Applie. Marine.Biology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Marine.Biodive.sity and e.ological e.olution Re.e.rch Ce.te. South China Sea Institute of OceanologyGuangzhou 510301China Global Oce.n and Climate.Re.e.rch Ce.te. South China Sea Institute of OceanologyGuangzhou 510301China Institute.of Industrial Scie.ce The University of Tokyo5-1-5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba 277-8574Japan Arctic Re.e.rch Ce.te. Hokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 001-0021Japan Finnish Muse.m of Natural History University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Mole.ular e.ology Group(Me.) Water Research Institute(IRSA)National Research Council of Italy(CNR)28922 Verbania PallanzaItaly National Biodive.sity Future.Ce.te.(NBFC) PalermoItaly Institute.of e.ology and Botany HUN-REN Centre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary De.artme.t of e.vironme.tal and Landscape.Ge.graphy ELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary De.artme.t of Biology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Ce.tre.of Marine.Scie.ce. University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaroPortugal CAS Ke. Laboratory of e.pe.ime.tal Marine.Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Unive.sity of Chine.e.Acade.y of Scie.ce. Beijing 100049China

Corre.ative.spe.ie. distribution mode.s(SDMs)are.important tools to e.timate.spe.ie.’ge.graphic distribution across space.and time.but the.r re.iability he.vily re.ie. on the.availability and quality of occurre.ce.*** can be.biase. whe. occurre.ce. do not fully re.re.e.t the.e.vironme.tal re.uire.e.t of a *** te.te. to what e.te.t spe.ie.’physiological knowle.ge.might influe.ce.SDM *** on the.Japane.e.se. cucumbe. Apostichopus japonicus within the.coastal oce.n of e.st Asia,we.compile. a compre.e.sive.datase. of occurre.ce.*** the. e.plore. the.importance.of incorporating physiological knowle.ge.into SDMs by calibrating two type. of corre.ative.SDMs:a naïve.mode. that sole.y de.e.ds on e.vironme.tal corre.ate.,and a physiologically informe. mode. that furthe. incorporate. physiological information as *** furthe. te.te. the.mode.s’se.sitivity to calibration are. choice. by fitting the. with diffe.e.t buffe.e. are.s around known *** with naïve.mode.s,the.physiologically informe. mode.s succe.sfully capture. the.ne.ative.influe.ce.of high te.pe.ature.on *** and we.e.le.s se.sitive.to the.choice.of calibration *** naïve.mode.s re.ulte. in more.optimistic pre.iction of the.change. of pote.tial distributions unde. climate.change.i.e.,large. range.e.pansion and le.s contraction)than the.physiologically informe. *** findings highlight be.e.its from incorporating physiological information into corre.ative.SDMs,name.y mitigating the.unce.taintie. associate. with the.choice.of calibration *** the.e.promising fe.ture.,we.e.courage.future.SDM studie. to conside. spe.ie. physi-ological information whe.e.available.

关键词： Baye.ian approach Climate.change Habitat suitability Physiological knowle.ge Spe.ie. distribution mode.

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儿童和成人肺毛细血管的血管瘤:1新病例报道以及文献回顾

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 43-44页

作者： Bartyik K. bede O. Tiszlavicz L. 王一飞 De.artme.t of Pae.iatri cs Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Med. P. University of Szeged 14-15 Koranyi fasor 6720 Szeged Hungary

Pulmonary capillary hae.angiomatosis (PCH) in childhood is a rarity, characte. ise. by the.uncontrolle. prolife.ation of pulmonary microve.se.s which may invad e.pulmonary, bronchial and vascular structure., re.ulting in diffuse.alve.lar ha e.orrhage. manife.ting clinically in hae.optysis, dyspnoe. and symptoms of pulmo nary hype.te.sion (PH). A 14-ye.r-old boy with some.particular fe.ture. (pe.ic ardial e.fusion and thrombocytope.ia) is pre.e.te. and 14 pae.iatric/adole.ce.t case. from the.lite.ature.are.surve.e.. The.diagnostic proble.s and difficultie. are.discusse., including the.importance.of imaging (high-re.olution CT) and hi stopathological studie., with the.aim of providing a cle.r-cut distinction of P CH from othe. conditions such as primary PH (PPH). The.lite.ature.data can be.re.garde. as ambiguous: both similaritie. and re.ative.y sharp distinctions be.we.n PCH and PPH are.to be.found. Ne. de.e.opme.ts in the.fie.d of ge.e.ics are.also discusse.. The.e.rly coe.iste.ce.of PCH and othe. (vascular) disorde.s and asso ciations, involving focal or diffuse. disse.inate. forms is summarise. brie.ly. Conclusion: The.diagnosis of this progre.sive.disorde. may le.d to e.fe.tive.the.rapy. Tre.tme.t possibilitie. include.the.rapidly e.olving fie.d of anti-angioge.ic the.apy, but at pre.e.t lung transp lantation is unive.sally acce.te. as the.final de.initive.tre.tme.t for pulmonar y capillary hae.angiomatosis.

关键词：文献回顾肺毛细血管血管瘤新病例弥漫性肺泡出血肺动脉高压抗血管生成治疗血管结构血管疾病异常增殖

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