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Small size does not restrain frugivory and seed dispersal across the evolutionary radiation of Galapagos lava lizards

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 353-361页

作者： Sandra HERVIAS-PAREJO Ruben HELENO beatriz RUMEU beatriz guzman Pablo VARGAS Jens M. OLESEN Anna TRAVESET Carlos VERA Edgar BENAVIDES Manuel NOGALES Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avanqats (CSIC-UIB) Global Change Research Group Mallorca Balearic Islands Spain Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Portugal Real Jardin Botanico (CSIC-RJB) Madrid Spain Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Denmark Galapagos National Park Puerto Ayora Santa Cruz Galapagos Ecuador Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University USA lnstituto de Productos Naturales Agrobiologia (CSIC-IPNA) Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group Canary Islands Spain

Frugivory in lizards is often assumed to be constrained by body size;only large individuals are considered capable of consuming fruits, with the potential of acting as seed dispersers. However, only one previous study has tested the correlation of frugivory with body and head size at an archipelago scale across closely related species. All nine lava lizards (Microlophus spp.) were studied on the eleven largest Galapagos islands from 2010 to 2016 to investigate whether frugivory is related to body and head size. We also tested whether fruit abunda nee in flue nces fruit con sumption and explored the effect of seed ingestion on seedling emergence time and percentage. Our results showed that across islands, lava lizards varied considerably in size (64-102 mm in mean snoutvent length) and level of frugivory (1-23%, i.e., percentage of droppings with seeds). However, level of frugivory was only weakly affected by size as fruit consumption was also common among small lizards. Lava lizards consumed fruits throughout the year and factors other than fruit abundance may be more importa nt drivers of fruit selecti on (e.g., fruit size, energy con tent of pulp). From 2,530 droppings, 1,714 seeds of at least 61 plant species were identified, 76% of the species being native to the Galapagos. Most seeds (91%) showed no external structural damage. Seedling emergence time (44 versus 118 days) and percentage (20% versus 12%) were enhanced for lizardingested seeds compared to control (uningested) fruits. De-pulping by lizards (i.e., removal of pulp with potential germi nation inhibitors) might in crease the chances that at least some seeds find suitable recruitment conditi ons. We con eluded that lizards are importa nt seed dispersers throughout the year and across the whole archipelago, regardless of body size.

关键词： Microlophus oceanic islands plant-animal interactions seed disperser size seed dispersal effectiveness seedling emergence

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors in Alzheimer＇s disease： highly localized remodeling of a complex and diverse signaling pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1362-1363页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky beatriz Calvo-Flores guzman Karan Govindpani Henry J. Waldvogel Richard L. Faull Centre for Brain Research Department of Anatomy and Medical ImagingFaculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland AucklandNew Zealand

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, the predominant form of dementia, is a chronic, incurable neurodegenerative disorder presenting with symptoms includ- ing progressive memory loss and disturbed emotional state. It has been estimated that dementia affects over 47 million people worldwide （Prince et al., 2015）, and with 60-80% of cases attributable to AD.

关键词： AD highly localized remodeling of a complex and diverse signaling pathway Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors in Alzheimer’s disease

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Harmonic functions with boundary values on Herz spaces

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2013年第6期8卷 1265-1274页

作者： Martha guzman-PARTIDA Departamento de Matematicas Universidad de Sonora Rosales y Luis Encinas HermosilloSonora 83000 Mexico

We discuss continuity of the Poisson transform on Herz spaces Bp as well as its action on weighted versions of these sets. We also consider Banach- valued versions of Herz spaces and study some of their properties.

关键词： Herz space Poisson transform

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A Note on Expanding Planar Real Cellular Automata

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第9期34卷 1371-1378页

作者： Jairo guzman Neptali ROMERO Universidad del Atldntico Facultad de Ciencias Bdsicas Departamento de Matematicas Km 7 antigua via Puerto Colombia Barranquilla Colombia Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado Decanato de Ciencias y Tecnologia Departamento de Matematica Nucleo Obelisco Barquisimeto Venezuela

In this paper, we deal with one-parameter families of real cellular automata in R2. We prove that for a wide class of block functions from R2 to R, the corresponding real cellular automaton is expanding when the value... 详细信息

关键词： Real cellular automata block function expanding map

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Preliminary Optimization and Kinetics of SnCl_(2)-HCl Catalyzed Hydrothermal Conversion of Microcrystalline Cellulose to Levulinic Acid

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第1期9卷 145-162页

作者： Dexby de guzman Rizalinda de Leon Fuels Energy and Thermal Systems LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesQuezon City1101Philippines

Levulinic acid(LA)is a platform biorefinery chemical from biomass which can be converted to green solvents,plasticizers,polymer precursors,biobased cleaning agents,fuels and fuel *** study assessed the potential of SnCl_(2)-based mixed acid systems as catalyst in the hydrothermal conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to levulinic *** LAyield of 36.2 mol%was achieved using 0.2 M SnCl_(2) concentration at test conditions of 3 h,180℃ and 1%w/v cellulose *** reduce precipitate formation and further improve LA yield,the strategy employed was to combine SnCl_(2)(a Lewis acid)with conventional mineral acids(Bronsted acids).Evaluation of the catalytic performance of SnCl_(2)-HCl,SnCl_(2)-H_(2)SO_(4),SnCl_(2)-HNO_(3),and SnCl_(2)-H_(3)PO_(4)(1:1 molar ratio,0.2 M total acid concentration)were done with highest LA yield of 47.0 mol%obtained using the SnCl_(2)-HCl system at same test *** surface methodology optimization employing Box-Behnken design generated a quadratic model with a high coefficient of determination(r2)of 0.964.A maximum LA yield of 63.5 mol%can be achieved at 0.17 M catalyst concentration,198℃,and 5.15 h reaction *** constants were estimated using nonlinear regression,while activation energies were determined using Arrhenius *** hydrolysis was determined to be the rate-limiting step in the overall *** activation energy of 63.3 kJ/mol for glucose dehydration to hydroxymethylfurfural supports the action of SnCl_(2) as Lewis acid in the mixed-acid *** yield simulations for plug flow reactor(PFR)and continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR)were done suggesting a similar PFR-CSTR configuration with the established Biofine ***,a reaction scheme was presented to explain the synergy between SnCl_(2) and HCl in LA production from cellulose.

关键词： Levulinic acid tin(II)chloride cellulose optimization kinetics

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Fragment antigen binding domains (F_(ab)s) as tools to study assembly-line polyketide synthases

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第1期7卷 506-512页

作者： Katarina M.guzman Chaitan Khosla Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Department of Chemistry Stanford ChEM-HStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA

The crystallization of proteins remains a bottleneck in our fundamental understanding of their ***,discovering tools that aid crystallization is *** this review,the versatility of fragment-antigen binding domains(F_(ab)s)as protein crystallization chaperones is discussed.F_(ab)s have aided the crystallization of membrane-bound and soluble proteins as well as *** ability to bind three F_(ab)s onto a single protein target has demonstrated their potential for crystallization of challenging *** describe a high-throughput workflow for identifying F_(ab)s to aid the crystallization of a protein of interest(POI)by leveraging phage display technologies and differential scanning fluorimetry(DSF).This workflow has proven to be especially effective in our structural studies of assembly-line polyketide synthases(PKSs),which harbor flexible domains and assume transient *** are of interest to us due to their ability to synthesize an unusually broad range of medicinally relevant *** years of research studying these megasynthases,their overall topology has remained *** F ab in particular,1B2,has successfully enabled X-ray crystallographic and single particle cryo-electron microscopic(cryoEM)analyses of multiple modules from distinct assembly-line *** use has not only facilitated multidomain protein crystallization but has also enhanced particle quality via cryoEM,thereby enabling the visualization of intact PKS modules at near-atomic(3–5Å)*** identification of PKS-binding F_(ab)s can be expected to continue playing a key role in furthering our knowledge of polyketide biosynthesis on assembly-line PKSs.

关键词： Crystallography Cryo-EM Polyketide synthases Fragment antigen binding domains

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Analytical solution for a strong free-surface water vortex describing flow in a full-scale gravitational vortex hydropower system

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 72-79页

作者： Vladimir Joel Alzamora guzman Julie Anne Glasscock Energy Research Group Kadagaya Research Centre for Appropriate TechnologyJunin 12866Peru

Strong free-surface water vortices are found throughout industrial hydraulic systems used for water treatment,flow regulation,and energy *** models using the volumetric flow rate as a model input have generally been semi-empirical,and have tended to have some limitations in terms of the design of practical hydropower *** this study,an analytical model of a strong free-surface water vortex was *** model only requires the water head and geometric parameters as its inputs and calculates the maximum volumetric flow rate,aircore diameter,and rotational *** experimental depthedischarge data from a full-scale gravitational vortex hydropower system,unavailable in the relevant literature,were obtained,and the simulated results showed excellent agreement with the experimental *** data could be used to verify similar models using laboratory-scale physical models in order to investigate the scaling *** contrast to previous models,this model does not assume a constant average velocity across the vortex radius and allows precise calculation of the resultant velocity ***,this model presents advantages in turbine design for energy generation systems.

关键词： Gravitational vortex Velocity measurements Scalability Analytical model Microhydropower

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Contemporary Emotion-based Multimedia Art:Artistic Strategies and Viewer Response

Contemporary Emotion-based Multimedia Art:Artistic Strategie...

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作者： guzman Carla Estefany 中国美术学院

学位级别：硕士

现在有许多人在研究虚拟现实艺术和叙事艺术,但在抽象新媒体艺术和观众反应方面的研究之间存在着许多差异。这项研究的目的是使用我自己的作品作为案例研究并使用心理学的角度来记录和提供见解,以记录观众对我的作品的情绪表现。关于这... 详细信息

现在有许多人在研究虚拟现实艺术和叙事艺术,但在抽象新媒体艺术和观众反应方面的研究之间存在着许多差异。这项研究的目的是使用我自己的作品作为案例研究并使用心理学的角度来记录和提供见解,以记录观众对我的作品的情绪表现。关于这项研究,我的方法是使用佛罗里达大学的manikin研究来记录观众对于我的作品的情感反应。这些数据是基于网络上观众的回馈,其中一个是在中国非常受欢迎的微信。另外我将一系列的作品放在网上并进行在线调查,收集使用者欣赏完作品后的数据。然后,对于这些数据进行分析并得出了一些结论。在阅读大量关于记录观众对多媒体作品的反应,特别是那些对于技术或基于时间的媒体作品的文章后,根据我的实验结果发现,观看者的感知情绪与艺术品所传达的情绪之间存在某种关联。我发现观众的情感与创作艺术作品时所使用的原始情感相关。当观众看到一件开始时带有悲伤情绪的作品时,观众便会把负面相关的情绪记录下来。如果是一件相对快乐的作品,观众便会把相较正面的情绪记录下来。我在网络上也发现了相似的艺术体验。此外,我还分析了AR滤镜的反应,该滤镜根据前一项研究来使用数据。我发现,用户对滤镜的反应与用于创建艺术品变化的原始情感之间存在某种关系。在这个系列中,相对应的情绪是欢乐和嬉戏。总之,通过使用科技,它可以帮助观看者准确地将负面或是正面的情绪与艺术品联结起来,如果没有科技的帮助便很难实现。我发现,相较于传统的视觉艺术,科技所呈现出来的艺术更能让观众沉浸在其中;研究调查的数据以及AR滤镜的实验都符合这一结果。因此,艺术与科技结合得越紧密,观众便越能感受到创作者在创作时的情绪与感觉。此外,观看者要么通过调查识别出正确的情感,要么表现出类似于艺术家预期情感的主观情感。

关键词：技术基于时间的媒体情感观众反应艺术品多媒体艺术心理学增强现实

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Morphological Characterization and Hydrodynamic Behavior of Shortfin Mako Shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)Dorsal Fin Denticles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 730-741页

作者： Fernandez-Waid Patricia Diez guzman Bidaguren Inigo Izagirre Urtzi Blanco Jesus Maria Soto Manu Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology(PiE-UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryBilbao and Areatza z/gPlentzia 48620BizkaiaSpain Marine Research Division AZTITxatxarramendi s/n Sukarrieta 48395BizkaiaSpain Department of Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics School of Engineering(UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryPlaza lngeniero Torres Quevedo 148013 BilbaoBizkaiaSpain

The shortfin mako shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)is one of the fastest marine fishes,reaching speeds of up to 70 km·h^-*** speed is related to the skin surface design composed of dermal *** vary in size and shape according to placement on the body and minimize turbulence around the *** objective of this study is to analyze the interaction between seawater flow and denticles on the dorsal ***-resolution microscopy(scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy)were used to measure defined parts of the dermal *** measurements,along with ratios based on length-to-width define three morphologies(rounded,semi-rounded,long)that were 3D *** fluid dynamics simulated fluid passage over reconstructed denticles and describe hy-drodynamic efficiency under different *** increase in angle of inclination produced a relevant increase in the drag coefficient,especially for high velocity *** lowest drag coefficient values were found in long and semi-rounded,followed by rounded *** hydrodynamic behavior of shark skin demonstrates a relation to the morphological characteristics of dermal denticles on the dorsal *** is concluded that the best hydroefficiency relies on the rounded morphology and may serve to design hydrodynamically efficient surfaces or manmade assemblies.

关键词： denticles hydrodynamic mako shark computational fluid dynamics

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Sexual dimorphism in immune response： Testing the hypothesis in an insect species with two male morphs

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 620-628页

作者： Gloria Ruiz-guzman Jorge Canales-Lazcano Jesus Guillermo Jimenez-Cortes Jorge Contreras-Garduno Centro de Investigacion Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica Av. Universidad No. 655 C. P. 62100 Cuernavaca Morelos Departamento de Biologia Divisi6n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Departamento de Ecologia Evolufiva Instituto de Ecologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apdo. Postal 70-275 04510 Mexico D. F. Mexico

It has been proposed that given that males should invest in sexual traits at the expense of their investment in immune response, females are better immunocompetent than males. Typically, this idea has been tested in monomorphic species, but rarely has been evaluated in polymorphic male species. We used Paraphlebia zoe, a damselfly with two male morphs： the black-winged morph （Black-W） develop black spots as sexual traits and the hyaline-winged morph （Hyaline-W） resembles a female in size and wings color. We predicted that Black-W should have a lower immune response than Hyaline-W, but that the latter males should not differ from females in this respect. Nitric oxide （NO） and phenoloxidase （PO） production, as well as hemolymph protein content, were used as immune markers. Body size （wing length） was used as an indicator of the male condition. The results show that, as we predicted, females and Hyaline-W had higher values of NO than Black-W, corresponding to differences in size. However, the opposite was found in relation to PO production. Females had the highest levels of hemolymph protein content, whereas no differences were found between Black-W and Hyaline-W. These results partially support the sexual selection hypothesis and are discussed in the context of the life history of this species. Black-W, Hyaline-W, and females could express the immune markers that are prioritized by their particular condition, and probably neither of them could express all immune markers in an elevated manner, as this would result in an excessive accumulation of free radicals.

关键词： immune response male morphs Paraphlebia zoe polymorphic species,territoriality trade-off

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