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Insect-plant-pathogen interactions as shaped by future climate effects on biology, distribution, and implications for agriculture

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 975-989页

作者： Piotr Trebicki beatriz Dader Simone Vassiliadis Alberto Fereres Biosciences Research Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources (DEDJTR) Horsham VIC Australia INRA UMR 385 BGPI (CIRAD-INRA-SupAgroM) Campus International de Baillarguet Montpellier France Biosciences Research DEDJTR La Trobe University AgriBio Centre 5 Ring Road Bundoora VIC Australia Institute of Agricultural Sciences-CSIC Madrid Spain

Carbon dioxide （CO2） is the main anthropogenic gas which has drastically increased since the industrial revolution, and current concentrations are projected to double by the end of this century. As a consequence, elevated CO2 is expected to alter the earths＇ climate, increase global temperatures and change weather patterns. This is likely to have both direct and indirect impacts on plants, insect pests, plant pathogens and their distribution, and is therefore problematic for the security of future food production. This review summarizes the latest findings and highlights current knowledge gaps regarding the influence of climate change on insect, plant and pathogen interactions with an emphasis on agriculture and food production. Direct effects of climate change, including increased CO2 concentration, temperature, patterns of rainfall and severe weather events that impact insects （namely vectors of plant pathogens） are discussed. Elevated CO2 and temperature, together with plant pathogen infection, can considerably change plant biochemistry and therefore plant defense responses. This can have substantial consequences on insect fecun- dity, feeding rates, survival, population size, and dispersal. Generally, changes in host plant quality due to elevated CO2 （e.g., carbon to nitrogen ratios in C3 plants） negatively affect insect pests. However, compensatory feeding, increased population size and distribution have also been reported for some agricultural insect pests. This underlines the importance of additional research on more targeted, individual insect-plant scenarios at specific locations to fully understand the impact of a changing climate on insect-plant-pathogen interactions.

关键词： carbon dioxide climate change food security pests trophic interactions

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Particulate matter characterization in a steelworks using conventional sampling and innovative lidar observations

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Particuology 2016年第5期14卷 43-51页

作者： Benjamin Guinot beatriz Gonzalez Julia Perim De Faria Sumita Keclia Laboratoire d'Aerologie Universite de Toulouse CNRS Universite Paul-Sabatier 14 Avenue Edouard-Belin 31400 Toulouse France

Particulate matter （PM） emissions from steelworks cause public concern. Although end-of-pipe and pro- cess integrated measures have led to a significant drop in emissions of large particles from stacks, fine aerosols were not specifically considered, nor were emissions from fugitive and open sources. In this study, we deployed aerosol samplers together with a scanning ultra-violet （UV） lidar to characterize total suspended particles （TSP）, PM10, and PM2.5, in emissions from a large integrated steelworks in Spain over a 16-day period. We determined the content of carbonaceous, soluble inorganic, mineral dust, and metal species. A positive matrix factorization was carried out on our dataset. Despite mineral dust being predominant in all size fractions, the steelworks was clearly a source of carbonaceous species, resulting in production of secondary inorganic aerosols. In particular, stack emissions were a major contributor of fine particles, while open sources dominated the emissions of TSP, yielding up to 80% of particles larger than PM10. UV lidar provided 2D maps of aerosols in real time, with an ability to detect PM emissions and to visualize complex plumes. We suggest that air quality management of steelworks needs to focus on controlling large and coarse oarticle emissions, esoeciallv those from onen sources.

关键词： Fine aerosols Fugitive emissions Open sources Chemical composition Trace metals UV lidar

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Non-Protein-Coding RNAs and their Interacting RNA-Binding Proteins in the Plant Cell Nucleus

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Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 729-739页

作者： Celine Charon Ana beatriz Moreno Florian Bardou Martin Crespi University Paris-Sud Institut de Biologie des Plantes UMR8618 Orsay Cedex F-91405 France CNRS Orsay Cedex F-91405 France Institut des Sciences du Vegetal CNRS F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France

The complex responses of eukaryotic cells to external factors are governed by several transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. Several of them occur in the nucleus and have been linked to the action of non-proteincoding RNAs （or npcRNAs）, both long and small npcRNAs, that recently emerged as major regulators of gene expression. Regulatory npcRNAs acting in the nucleus include silencing-related RNAs, intergenic npcRNAs, natural antisense RNAs, and other aberrant RNAs resulting from the interplay between global transcription and RNA processing activities （such as Dicers and RNA-dependent polymerases）. Generally, the resulting npcRNAs exert their regulatory effects through interactions with RNA-binding proteins （or RBPs） within ribonucleoprotein particles （or RNPs）. A large group of RBPs are implicated in the silencing machinery through small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） and their localization suggests that several act in the nucleus to trigger epigenetic and chromatin changes at a whole-genome scale. Other nuclear RBPs interact with npcRNAs and change their localization. In the fission yeast, the RNA-binding Mei2p protein, playing pivotal roles in meiosis, interact with a meiotic npcRNA involved in its nuclear re-localization. Related processes have been identified in plants and the ENOD40 npcRNA was shown to re-localize a nuclear-speckle RBP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in Medicago truncatula. Plant RBPs have been also implicated in RNA-mediated chromatin silencing in the FLC locus through interaction with specific antisense transcripts. In this review, we discuss the interactions between RBPs and npcRNAs in the context of nuclear-related processes and their implication in plant development and stress responses. We propose that these interactions may add a regulatory layer that modulates the interactions between the nuclear genome and the environment and, consequently, control plant developmental plasticity.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress gene silencing Arabidopsis RNA-binding proteins non-protein-coding RNAs nucleus.

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Recent Advances in One‑Dimensional Micro/Nanomotors:Fabrication,Propulsion and Application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第2期15卷 114-142页

作者： Yuhong Zheng He Zhao Yuepeng Cai beatriz Jurado‑Sanchez Renfeng Dong School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China Department of Analytical Chemistry Physical Chemistryand Chemical EngineeringUniversidad de Alcala28871 Alcala de HenaresMadridSpain Chemical Research Institute“Andres M.del Rio” University of Alcala28871 Alcala de HenaresMadridSpain

Due to their tiny size,autonomous motion and functionalize modifications,micro/nanomotors have shown great potential for environmental remediation,biomedicine and micro/***-dimensional(1D)micro/nanomotors combine the characteristics of anisotropy and large aspect ratio of 1D materials with the advantages of functionalization and autonomous motion of micro/nanomotors for revolutionary *** this review,we discuss current research progress on 1D micro/nanomotors,including the fabrication methods,driving mechanisms,and recent advances in environmental remediation and biomedical applications,as well as discuss current challenges and possible *** continuous attention and innovation,the advancement of 1D micro/nanomotors will pave the way for the continued development of the micro/nanomotor field.

关键词： 1D micro/nanomotors Fabrication methods Driving mechanisms Applications

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Geriatric assessment for oncologists

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2015年第4期12卷 261-274页

作者： beatriz Korc-Grodzicki Holly M.Holmes Armin Shahrokni Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

The world is experiencing aging of its population. Age-specific incidence rates of cancer are higher and cancer is now recognized as a part of aging. Treating older patients can be challenging. The clinical behavior of some tumors changes with age and the aging process itself brings physiological changes leading to decline in the function of organs. It is essential to identify those patients with longer life expectancy, potentially more likely to benefit from aggressive treatment vs. those that are more vulnerable to adverse outcomes. A primary determination when considering therapy for an older cancer patient is a patient's physiologic, rather than chronologic age. In order to differentiate amongst patients of the same age, it is useful to determine if a patient is fit or frail. Frail older adults have multiple chronic conditions and difficulties maintaining independence. They may be more vulnerable to therapy toxicities, and may not have substantial lasting benefits from therapy. Geriatric assessment(GA) may be used as a tool to determine reversible deficits and devise treatment strategies to mitigate such deficits. GA is also used in treatment decision making by clinicians, helping to risk stratify patients prior to potentially high-risk therapy. An important practical aspect of GA is the feasibility of incorporating it into a busy oncology practice. Key considerations in performing the GA include: available resources, patient population, GA tools to use, and who will be responsible for using the GA results and develop care plans. Challenges in implementing GA in clinical practice will be discussed.

关键词： Geriatric oncology geriatric assessment(GA) frailty

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Automatic counting of microglial cell activation and its applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1212-1215页

作者： beatriz I.Gallego Collado Pablo de Gracia Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmologicas Ramon Castroviejo Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Facultad de Optica y Optometria Departamento de Oftalmologia y Otorrinolaringologia Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Midwestern University Chicago College of Optometry Downers Grove IL USA Department of Neurobiology Barrow Neurological Institute St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix AZ USA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic neuropathy characterized by the damage and death of the retinal ganglion *** disease results in vision loss and *** vision loss resulting from the disease cannot be restored and nowadays there is no available cure for glaucoma; however an early detection and treatment,could offer neuronal protection and avoid later serious damages to the visual function.A full understanding of the etiology of the disease will still require the contribution of many scientific *** activation has been observed in glaucoma,being microglial proliferation a hallmark in this neurodegenerative disease.A typical project studying these cellular changes involved in glaucoma often needs thousands of images- from several animals- covering different layers and regions of the *** gold standard to evaluate them is the manual *** method requires a large amount of time from specialized *** is a tedious process and prone to human *** present here a new method to count microglial cells by using a computer *** counts in one hour the same number of images that a researcher counts in four weeks,with no loss of reliability.

关键词： glaucoma glial cells microglial cells automatic counting image processing inner plexiform layer outer plexiform layer bilateral activation

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Activation of 2D MoS_(2) electrodes induced by high-rate lithiation processes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 56-70,I0003页

作者： Tianzhu Liu Georgian Melinte Oleksandr Dolotko Michael Knapp beatriz Mendoza-Sánchez Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems(IAM-ESS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344Germany Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility(KNMF) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344Germany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage(HIU) Ulm 89081Germany

MoS_(2) is a highly promising material for application in lithium-ion battery anodes due to its high theoretical capacity and low ***,problems with a fast capacity decay over cycling,especially at the first cycles,and poor rate performance have deterred its practical ***,electrodes comprised solely of few-layers 2D MoS_(2) nanosheets have been manufactured by scalable liquid-phase exfoliation and spray deposition *** long-standing controversy questioning the reversibility of conversion processes of MoS_(2)-based electrodes was *** studies revealed that,in 2D MoS_(2) electrodes,conversion processes are indeed reversible,where nanostructure played a key *** of the electrodes at high current rates revealed an intriguing phenomenon consisting of a continuously increasing capacity after ca.100-200 *** phenomenon was comprehensively addressed by a variety of electrochemical and microscopy methods that revealed underlying physical activation mechanisms that involved a range of profound electrode structural *** mechanisms delivered a capacitive electrode of a superior rate performance and cycling stability,as compared to the corresponding pristine electrodes,and to MoS_(2) electrodes previously ***,we have devised a methodology to overcome the problem of cycling stability of 2D MoS_(2) ***,activation of electrodes constitutes a methodology that could be applied to enhance the energy storage performance of electrodes based on other 2D nanomaterials,or combinations thereof,strategically combining chemistries to engineer electrodes of superior energy storage properties.

关键词： 2D MoS_(2) Liquid-phase exfoliation Spray-deposition Conversion processes Activation mechanisms Energy storage mechanisms

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Engineering magnetic nanostructures with inverse hysteresis loops

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Nano Research 2016年第8期9卷 2347-2353页

作者： beatriz Mora Nastassia Soriano Carolina Redondo Alberto Arteche David Navas Rafael Morales Dpto. de Quimica-Fisica Universidad del Pais Vasco UPWEHU 48940 Leioa Spain IFIMUP-IN and Dept. Fisica e Astronomia Universidade do Porto 4169007 Porto Portugal Dpto. de Qulmica-Ffsica & BCMaterials Universidad del Pals Vasco UPV/EHU 48940 Leioa Spain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48011 Bilbao Spain

Top-down lithography techniques allow the fabrication of nanostructured elements with novel spin configurations, which provide a new route to engineer and manipulate the magnetic response of sensors and electronic devices and understand the role of fundamental interactions in materials science. In this study, shallow nanostructure-patterned thin films were designed to present inverse magnetization curves, i.e., an anomalous magnetic mechanism characterized by a negative coercivity and negative remanence. This procedure involved a method for manipulating the spin configuration that yielded a negative coercivity after the patterning of a single material layer. Patterned NiFe thin films with trench depths between 15%-25% of the total film thickness exhibited inverse hysteresis loops for a wide angular range of the applied field and the trench axis. A model based on two exchange-coupled subsystems accounts for the experimental results and thus predicts the conditions for the appearance of this magnetic behavior. The findings of the study not only advance our understanding of patterning effects and confined magnetic systems but also enable the local design and control of the magnetic response of thin materials with potential use in sensor engineering.

关键词： magnetic nanostructures magnetic patterning effects inverted loops negative coercivity negative remanence

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Neuropilin-1: A feasible link between liver pathologies and COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第24期27卷 3516-3529页

作者： Aitor Benedicto Iñigo García-Kamiruaga beatriz Arteta Department of Cellular Biology and Histology School of Medicine and NursingUniversity of the Basque CountryLeioa 48940BizkaiaSpain Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology San Eloy HospitalBarakaldo 48902Spain

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic has a tremendous impact on the health of millions of people ***,those suffering from previous pathological conditions are more vulnerable and tend to develop more severe disease upon infection with the new *** coronavirus interacts with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor to invade the ***,another receptor,neuropilin-1(NRP-1),has been reported to amplify the viral ***,NRP-1 is expressed in nonparenchymal liver cells and is related to and upregulated in a wide variety of liver-related *** has been observed that SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes liver injury through several pathways that may be influenced by the previous pathological status of the patient and liver expression of ***,coronavirus disease 2019 causes an inflammatory cascade called cytokine storm in patients with severe *** cytokine storm may influence liver sinusoidal-cell phenotype,facilitating viral *** this review,the shreds of evidence linking NRP-1 with liver pathologies such as hepatocellular carcinoma,liver fibrosis,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory disorders are discussed in the context of SARS-CoV-2 *** addition,the involvement of the infection-related cytokine storm in NRP-1 overexpression and the subsequent increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection are also *** review aims to shed some light on the involvement of liver NRP-1 during SARSCoV-2 infection and emphasizes the possible involvement this receptor with the observed liver damage.

关键词： Liver Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells Hepatic stellate cells SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pathology

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Different Roles of Microalloying in Thin Slab Direct Rolling Technologies

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 459-465页

作者： Rodriguez-Ibabe Jose M Uranga Pello Lopez beatriz CEIT and Tecnun (Univ.of Navarra) P M.Lardizabal 1520018-San SebastianBasque CountrySpain

HSLA steels constitute one of the main types of steels produced worldwide by Thin Slab Direct Rolling technologies (TSDR).Among microalloying elements,the most widely used are V,Nb and *** elements play different roles during the austenite evolution in *** austenite conditioning before transformation,the limitations in the total reduction that can be applied in TSDR technologies need to be considered when composition/process parameters are *** this context,whereas an important number of studies have been focused on Nb microalloyed grades,a less systematic analysis has been performed concerning the role of vanadium on austenite *** paper analyzes these singularities taking into account different process parameter conditions,such as total reduction and initial rolling temperature.

关键词： thin slab direct rolling microalloyed steels vanadium niobium austenite conditioning

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