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Dynamic Actin Controls Polarity Induction de novo in Protoplasts

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第2期55卷 142-159页

作者： beatrix Zaban Jan Maisch Peter Nick Botanical Institute Molecular Cell Biology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Cell polarity and axes are central for plant morphogenesis. To study how polarity and axes are induced de novo, we investigated protoplasts of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY-2 expressing fluorescently- tagged cytoskeletal markers. We standardized the system to such a degree that we were able to generate quantitative data on the temporal patterns of regeneration stages. The synthesis of a new cell wall marks the transition to the first stage of regeneration, and proceeds after a long preparatory phase within a few minutes. During this preparatory phase, the nucleus migrates actively, and cytoplasmic strands remodel vigorously. We probed this system for the effect of anti-cytoskeletal compounds, inducible bundling of actin, RGD-peptides, and temperature. Suppression of actin dynamics at an early stage leads to aberrant tripolar cells, whereas suppression of microtubule dynamics produces aberrant sausage- like cells with asymmetric cell walls. We integrated these data into a model, where the microtubular cytoskeleton conveys positional information between the nucleus and the membrane controlling the release or activation of components required for cell wall synthesis. Cell wall formation is followed by the induction of a new cell pole requiring dynamic actin filaments, and the new cell axis is manifested as elongation growth perpendicular to the orientation of the aligned cortical microtubules.

关键词： Actin axis formation microtubules polarity induction tobacco BY-2 protoplasts.

PCH1 and PCHL Directly Interact with PIF1,Promote Its Degradation,and Inhibit Its Transcriptional Function during Photomorphogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第3期13卷 499-514页

作者： Mei-Chun Cheng beatrix Enderle Praveen Kumar Kathare Rafya Islam Andreas Hiltbrunner Enamul Huq Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinNHB 2.616Stop A5000100 East 24th StreetAustinTX 78712-1095USA Institute of Biology II Faculty of BiologyUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF HYPOCOTYL 1(PCH1)and PCH1-LIKE(PCHL)were shown to directly bind to phytochrome B(phyB)and suppress phyB thermal reversion,resulting in plants with dramatically enhanced light sensitivity.Here,we show that PCH1 and PCHL also positively regulate various light responses,including seed germination,hypocotyl gravitropism,and chlorophyll biosynthesis,by physically interacting with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 1(PIF1)and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHO-GENIC 1(COP1).PCH1 and PCHL interact with PIF1 both in the dark and light,and regulate PIF1 abundance.Moreover,PCH1 and PCHL facilitate the physical interaction between phyB and PIF1 in vivo to promote the light-induced degradation of PIF1.PCH1 and PCHL also inhibit the DNA-binding ability of PIF1 to negatively regulate the expressions of PIF1 target genes.In addition,PCH1 and PCHL interact with COP1 and undergo degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway in the dark.Consistently,pch1 suppresses cop1 phenotype in darkness.Collectively,our study reveals a novel mechanism by which PCH1 and PCHL regulate diverse light responses not only by stabilizing phyB Pfrform but also by directly interacting with PIF1 and COP1,providing a molecular understanding of the control of hypocotyl growth by these proteins.

关键词： Arabidopsis phytochrome phytochrome interacting factor(PIF) photoperiodic growth protein degradation

Production of secondary metabolite E2.2 from Phaleria macrocarpa endophytic fungus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第10期6卷 881-885页

作者： beatrix Trikurnia Gasong Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences Dexa Medica Industri Selatan V Block PP no.7 Kawasan Industri Jababeka Ⅱ

Objective: To isolate new endophytic fungus from Phaleria macrocarpa(P. macrocarpa)that is able to produce E2.2 compound.Methods: Endophytic fungi were isolated from P. macrocarpa. Morphological and molecular identification was done to determine the species of the endophytic fungus.High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the ability of this fungus to produce E2.2 compound and to quantify the total yield of E2.2 from fungal fermentation. Fermentation process was optimized by observing suitable medium, p H and length of fermentation process. Phloroglucinol and gallic acid addition were examined to determine the effect of each compound on E2.2 production.Results: One endophytic fungus was successfully isolated from P. macrocarpa plant.Morphological and molecular identification showed that it was a Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which belonged to Glomerellaceae family. This fungus showed highest production of E2.2 when incubated in potato dextrose broth with initial p H value of the medium at 5, and was incubated for 15 days. Phloroglucinol was found to better enhance E2.2 production.Conclusions: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides found in P. macrocarpa plant is promising as a potential alternative source of E2.2.

关键词： Endophytic fungi Phaleria macrocarpa Secondary metabolite Colletotrichum gloeosporioides E2.2

Angiotensin receptor blocker drugs and inhibition of adrenal beta-arrestin-1-dependent aldosterone production: Implications for heart failure therapy

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第3期9卷 200-206页

作者： Anastasios Lymperopoulos beatrix Aukszi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Nova Southeastern University Department of Chemistry and Physics Hal-mos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography Nova Southeastern University

Aldosterone mediates many of the physiological and pathophysiological/cardio-toxic effects of angiotensin II(Ang II). Its synthesis and secretion from the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex, elevated in chronic heart failure(HF), is induced by Ang II type 1 receptors(AT1Rs). The AT1R is a G protein-coupled receptor, mainly coupling to Gq/11 proteins. However, it can also signal through β-arrestin-1(βarr1) or-2(βarr2), both of which mediate G protein-independent signaling. Over the past decade, a second, Gq/11 proteinindependent but βarr1-dependent signaling pathway emanating from the adrenocortical AT1R and leading to aldosterone production has become appreciated. Thus, it became apparent that AT1R antagonists that block both pathways equally well are warranted for fully effective aldosterone suppression in HF. This spurred the comparison of all of the currently marketed angiotensin receptor blockers(ARBs, AT1R antagonists or sartans) at blocking activation of the two signaling modes(G protein-, and βarr1-dependent) at the Ang IIactivated AT1R and hence, at suppression of aldosterone in vitro and in vivo. Although all agents are very potent inhibitors of G protein activation at the AT1R, candesartan and valsartan were uncovered to be the most potent ARBs at blocking βarr activation by Ang II and at suppressing aldosterone in vitro and in vivo in post-myocardial infarction HF animals. In contrast, irbesartan and losartan are virtually G protein-"biased" blockers at the human AT1R, with very low efficacy for βarr inhibition and aldosterone suppression. Therefore, candesartan and valsartan(and other, structurally similar compounds) may be the most preferred ARB agents for HF pharmacotherapy, as well as for treatment of other conditions characterized by elevated aldosterone.

关键词：肾的外皮肾上腺皮质的带 glomerulosa 房间醛固酮血管收缩素受体 blocker 血管收缩素 II 类型 1 受体 -arrestin-1 心失败抑制功效

Expression of anti-Mullerian hormone receptor on the appendix testis in connection with urological disorders

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 400-403页

作者： Kornel Kistamas Olga Ruzsnavszky Andrea Telek Livia Kosztka Ilona Kovacs beatrix Dienes Laszlo Csernoch Tamas Jozsa Department of Physiology Medical and Health Science Center University of Debrecen Debrecen 4032 Hungary Department of Pathology Kenezy Gyula Hospital Debrecen 4032 Hungary Department of Pediatrics Medical and Health Science Center University of Debrecen Debrecen 4032 Hungary Department of Pediatric Surgery Division of Urology Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm SE-171 76 Sweden

The female internal sex organs develop from the paramesonephric （Mullerian） duct. In male embryos, the regression of the Mullerian duct is caused by the anti-Mullerian hormone （AMH）, which plays an important role in the process of testicular descent. The physiological remnant of the Mullerian duct in males is the appendix testis （AT）. In our previous study, we presented evidence for the decreased incidence of AT in cryptorchidism with intraoperative surgery. In this report, the expression of the anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2 （AMHR2）, the specific receptor of AMH, on the AT was investigated in connection with different urological disorders, such as hernia inguinalis, torsion of AT, cysta epididymis, varicocele, hydrocele testis and various forms of undescended testis. The correlation between the age of the patients and the expression of the AMHR2 was also examined. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the receptor＇s mRNA and protein levels, respectively. We demonstrate that AMHR2 is expressed in the ATs. Additionally, the presence of this receptor was proven at the mRNA and protein levels. The expression pattern of the receptor correlated with neither the examined urological disorders nor the age of the patients; therefore, the function of the AT remains obscure.

关键词： anti-Mullerian hormone receptor （AMHR） appendixtestis （AT） hernia inguinal is retention testis testicular descent testisretractile