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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor:Linking environment to aging process in elderly patients with asthma

Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 382-393页

作者： Tianrui Yang Rongjun Wan Wei Tu Sai nithin Avvaru Peisong Gao Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21224USA Department of Geriatric Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnan 650032China Department of Respiratory Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and ImmunologyShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

Aging is a significant risk factor for various diseases,including asthma,and it often leads to poorer clinical outcomes,particularly in elderly *** is recognized that age-related diseases are due to a time-dependent accumulation of cellular damage,resulting in a progressive decline in cellular and physiological functions and an increased susceptibility to chronic *** effects of aging affect not only the elderly but also those of younger ages,posing significant challenges to global ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with aging in different diseases is *** intriguing factor is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR),which serves as a cytoplasmic receptor and ligand-activated transcription factor and has been linked to the aging ***,we review the literature on several major hallmarks of aging,including mitochondrial dysfunction,cellular senescence,autophagy,mitophagy,epigenetic alterations,and microbiome ***,we provide an overview of the impact of AhR on these hallmarks by mediating responses to environmental exposures,particularly in relation to the immune ***,we explore how aging hallmarks affect clinical characteristics,inflammatory features,exacerbations,and the treatment of *** is suggested that AhR signaling may potentially play a role in regulating asthma phenotypes in elderly populations as part of the aging process.

关键词： Aging Environment Reactive oxygen species Senescence Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Asthma

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Compatibility evaluation of modified seawater for EOR in carbonate reservoirs through the introduction of polyphosphate compound

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Petroleum Science 2020年第2期17卷 393-408页

作者： Bisweswar Ghosh Liying Sun nithin Chacko Thomas Petroleum Engineering Department Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates College of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

Waterflood-assisted oil recovery with sulfate-spiked seawater would cause incompatibility scaling in carbonate reservoirs and reduce economic *** research investigated the benefits of polyphosphate compounds in reducing scaling potential as well as its effect on oil recovery when mixed in high sulfate flood *** of scaling potential of sulfate-spiked water in a carbonate reservoir environment was measured,followed by systematic screening of a polyphosphate compound,which successfully inhibited the sulfate scale precipitation at concentration as low as 100 *** new formulation(seawater with four times sulfate and phosphate,SW4 SP)was evaluated and compared with benchmark formulation(modified seawater with four times sulfate,SW4 S).Contact angle,ζ-potential and drainage studies show that SW4 SP changed the rock wettability from oil wet to water wet to a larger degree compared to SW4 *** recovery efficiency of SW4 SP was confirmed through a set of core flooding studies in the tertiary and quaternary flood *** SW4 S recovered 7.7%of original oil in place(OOIP),SW4 SP recovered about 8%of OOIP in the tertiary mode under approximately identical flow *** with SW4 SP in the quaternary mode following a tertiary flood with SW4 S on the same core resulted in 1.7%additional oil recovery,showing improved efficiency of the new flood water formulation.

关键词： Incompatibility scaling Sodium trimetaphosphate(SHMP) Smart waterflood Scale inhibitor Water compatibility Enhanced oil recovery

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A critical review of the fatigue life prediction of asphalt mixtures and pavements

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 808-835页

作者： nithin Sudarsanan Youngsoo Richard Kim Department of Civil Constructionand Environmental EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

New pavement construction techniques and the increased use of recycled materials have led to unexpected and premature pavement failure in recent *** pavement’s exposure to daily and seasonal extreme temperature and repeated vehicular loads accumulate *** cracking occurs once the cumulative damage surpasses the material’s cracking *** crack is the most common pavement cracking *** the past four decades,researchers have carried out numerous experiments and analyses to understand pavement *** paper aims to provide an overview of fatigue cracking and discuss various fatigue test methods for characterizing asphalt concrete *** article also discusses the most common phenomenological and mechanistic models for predicting the fatigue life of asphalt concrete pavements based on different fatigue test *** paper details the implementation of the commonly used numerical models found in numerical simulation software and their prediction ability for the fatigue life of a pavement *** major flaws in current evaluation methods are the sensitivity of experimental results and the lack of reliability of some predictive *** asphalt material characterization is the ongoing practice for determining the most appropriate performance evaluation ***,proceeding with future research objectives is unrealistic until the accuracy of the tests and reliability of the predictions can be verified against actual field *** critical review of the fatigue life predictions of asphalt mixtures and pavements should help to refine or redefine the right course of action for future research.

关键词： Fatigue cracking Failure criteria Fracture mechanics Simplified viscoelastic continuum damage(S-VECD)model Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guideline(MEPDG)

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Clinical Profile and Results in Cancers Treated with Nivolumab: A Single Centre Study

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Open Journal of Immunology 2018年第4期8卷 107-111页

作者： B. J. Srinivasa Bhanu Prakash Lalkota Sulav Sapkota Vinu Sarathy nithin bayas Radheshyam Naik Department of Medical Oncology HCG Cancer Specialty Center Bangalore India

Introduction: Immunotherapy is also called as biologic therapy or bio-therapy. Immunotherapy is quickly becoming an important component in the multipronged approaches being developed to treat certain forms of cancer. The goal of immunotherapy is to strengthen the body’s own natu-ral ability to combat cancer by enhancing the effectiveness of the immune system. This study tries to compile response rates and side effect profile of Nivolumab. Methods: Patients with performance status of 3 or less than 3, who failed on 2 or more lines of therapy except melanoma and have received minimum 3 cycles of Nivolumab were taken in to this study. Study subjects followed for minimum of 3 cycles for assessment. Each patient received 240 mg of Nivolumab once in 15 days for 3 - 6 cycles. Results: The median age of 20 patients was 53 years (26 - 79 yrs). 18 patients were male and 2 patients were female. Progressive disease (PD) was observed in 12 patients with immunotherapy treatment and partial response (PR) was observed in 3 patients, and stable disease (SD) in 5 patients. Conclusion: This is one of the Indian study mainly reporting experiences with Nivolumab. Large sample size is required to conclude about the efficacy of the study. Nivolumab is more tolerated in Indian patients compared to other reported studies.

关键词： Cancer Immunotherapy Nivolumab

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Comparative study of mechanical, corrosion and erosion-corrosion properties of cast hyper-duplex and super-duplex stainless steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第7期27卷 954-961页

作者： P.nithin Raj P.K.Navaneethkrishnan K.Sekar M.A.Joseph Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyCalicutIndia

Duplex stainless steels(DSSs)used in subsea structures and desalination industries require high corrosion and erosion resistance as well as excellent mechanical *** newly introduced cast duplex grade ASTM A8907 A has a unique composition and is expected to have a much better resistance to corrosion and erosion compared with the super-duplex grades 5 A and 6 *** work is a comparative study of the mechanical properties,corrosion,and erosion-corrosion resistance of super-duplex grades 5 A and 6 A and the hyper-duplex grade 7 *** three DSSs exhibited equiaxial austenite islands in the ferrite matrix and balanced phase *** hardness of the grade 7 A was nearly 15%higher than those of the super-duplex grades,which is attributed to the effect of the higher contents of W and Mn in 7 *** impact toughness of grade 7 A was found to be lower than those of the super-duplex grades due to the carbide precipitation resulting from the partial substitution of Mo with *** oxide layer strengthening effect of rare earth elements and the higher pitting resistance equivalent number(PREN)of grade7 A resulted in higher corrosion *** harder and more passive grade 7 A showed a 35%lower material loss during erosion-corrosion.

关键词： hyper-duplex stainless steels erosion−corrosion electrochemical corrosion marine environment super-duplex stainless steels

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Clinical Profile of Carcinoma Breast Patients Treated with Trastuzumab: A Single Centre Study

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2020年第4期9卷 110-118页

作者： Srinivasa Belagutty Jayappa Bhanu Prakash Lalkota Veluswamy Mani Reshma Elsa Jenny Kiran P. Krishnamurthi Vinu Sarathy S. Thineshwaran bayas.nithin Sumithra Martinovic Amritanshu Ram Shekar Patil Radheshyam Naik Department of Medical Oncology Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd. Bangalore Karnataka India Center for Academics and Research HCG Foundation Bangalore India Department of Cytogenetics Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd. Bangalore Karnataka India

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in India and accounting for almost 1 in 4 cancer cases in women worldwide. According to GLOBOCAN 2018: breast cancer incidence is increased to 162,468 in 2018 compared to 144,937 in 2012. Biosimilar drugs allow expanding access to the therapies in the form of cost savings and leading to better overall health outcomes. Our study evaluates the efficacy and safety of Trastuzumab biosimilars and assesses overall survival in the study population. Materials & Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd., Bengaluru, India, and all female patients diagnosed with Her2 positive, metastatic (mBC) and Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), between March 2013 and November 2014, with at least 4 years of post-treatment follow up. Results: A total of 65 patients diagnosed with Her2 positive breast cancer and satisfied the selection criteria were included for the study. Partial Response (PR) was observed in 42 (64.6%) patients, Stable Disease (SD) in 11 (16.9%) patients and Progressive Disease (PD) in 12 (18.5%) patients. The overall response rates were 46.1% PR, 30% SD, 23.8% PD in metastatic population and 76% PR, 7.2% SD, 15% PD observed in locally advanced disease. The mean overall survival of the study population was 20.75 ± 15.20 months

关键词： Breast Cancer Trastuzumab Biosimilars

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微流道交流电水力泵的数值模拟及优化

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传感技术学报 2006年第5B期19卷 2000-2003页

作者：张善亮 nithin Narayananb 徐波江苏英特神斯科技有限公司南京210025 IntelliSense Corporation

描述了微通道内交流电水力泵(EHD)的工作原理,并用IntelliSuite的Microfluidic模块对电水力泵进行数值模拟.并分析了影响电水力泵速度场分布的因素,包括流体电导率、驱动交流电频率和相位、电极维度以及电极间隙和数量等.通过数值模拟... 详细信息

描述了微通道内交流电水力泵(EHD)的工作原理,并用IntelliSuite的Microfluidic模块对电水力泵进行数值模拟.并分析了影响电水力泵速度场分布的因素,包括流体电导率、驱动交流电频率和相位、电极维度以及电极间隙和数量等.通过数值模拟不同参数下的电水力泵,比较驱动压力大小,最后给出优化的设计结果,为给电水力泵设计参数的选择提供依据.本文对流道长度为5mm,宽0.4mm,厚度0.4mm的电水力泵做了优化设计的数值模拟,最后得到驱动电极宽度为0.01mm,电极间距为0.02mm.

关键词：微流体电水力电渗微泵交流驱动

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Chitosan DNA nanoparticles for oral gene delivery

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World Journal of Medical Genetics 2016年第3期6卷 22-33页

作者： Bhavika J Patel nithin K Vignesh Gonzalo Hortelano Department of Health Sciences McMaster University Department of Biology School of Science and Technology Nazarbayev University School of Biomedical Engineering McMas-ter University Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine McMaster University

Gene therapy is a promising technology with potential applications in the treatment of medical conditions, both congenital and acquired. Despite its label as breakthrough technology for the 21st century, the simple concept of gene therapy - the introduction of a functional copy of desired genes in affected individuals - is proving to be more challenging than expected. Oral gene delivery has shown intriguing results and warrants further exploration. In particular, oral administration of chitosan DNA nano-particles, one the most commonly used formulations of therapeutic DNA, has repeatedly demonstrated successful in vitro and in vivo gene transfection. While oral gene therapy has shown immense promise as treatment options in a variety of diseases, there are still signifcant barriers to overcome before it can be considered for clinical applications. In this review we provide an over-view of the physiologic challenges facing the use of chitosan DNA nanoparticles for oral gene delivery at both the extracellular and intracellular level. From administration at the oral cavity, chitosan nanoparticles must traverse the gastrointestinal tract and protect its DNA contents from signifcant jumps in pH levels, various intestinal digestive enzymes, thick mucus layers with high turnover, and a proteinaceous glycocalyx meshwork. Once these extracellular barriers are overcome, chitosan DNA nanoparticles must enter intestinal cells, escape endolysosomes, and disassociate from genetic material at the appropriate time allowing transport of genetic material into the nucleus to deliver a therapeutic ef-fect. The properties of chitosan nanoparticles and modified nanoparticles are discussed in this review. An understanding of the barriers to oral gene delivery and how to overcome them would be invaluable for future gene therapy development.

关键词： Gene therapy Oral gene delivery Chitosan nanoparticles Glycocalyx pH Enzymes Endolysosomal escape Intracellular transport Nuclear transport Mucus

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In VitroAnti-HIV Activity of Partially Purified Coumarin(s) Isolated from Fungal Endophyte, AlternariaSpecies of Calophyllum inophyllum

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第7期6卷 321-328页

作者： Melappa Govindappa Kavya C. Hemmanur S. nithin Chandrappa Chinna Poojari Gopalakrishna Bhat K. Channabasava Endophytic Natural Product Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Shridevi Institute of Engineering & Technology Tumkur India Madhuca Srinivasa Nagara Chitpady Udupi India

5 totally different endophytic fungal species were isolated from bark and leaf parts of Calophyllum inophyllum. Leaf part yielded Trichoderma harzianum and Alternaria species, whereas bark showed the presence of Fusarium species, Aspergillus species and unidentified fungi. Two solvents (hexane and methanol) were used for endophytic fungal extraction and the Alternaria species had shown the presence of coumarin whereas Trichoderma harzianum in methanol extract and Fusarium species in hexane extract had shown the coumarin(s) in all the four methods tested. The total coumarin yield was more in microwave assistance method, the methanol Alternaria species (3.941 ± 0.082) stood first, followed by hexane extract of Alternaria species (3.254 ± 0.082), Fusarium species (2.532 ± 0.082) and Trichoderma harzianum (2.294 ± 0.082), the plant extract showed 4.149 + 0.053. The methanol extract of Alternaria species inhibited the activity of HIV-Reverse Transcriptase (RT) (82.81 ± 1.0), integrase (98%) and protease (78) in maximum level followed by hexane extract of Alternaria species (71.12 ± 0.9, 89, 68), Fusarium species (63.92 ± 1.8, 67, 66) and Trichoderma harzianum (56.69 ± 0.9, 71, 63). The endophytic fungi Alternaria species inhibited all the three viral enzymes at maximum level and it was more than standard drug. However, in order to know possible anti-HIV, it is necessary to isolate active coumarin from the Alternaria species and the mechanism of action will be studied in future studies.

关键词： Endophytes Alternaria Species HIV-RT Integrase Protease Inhibitory Activity

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The impact of endoscopic sinus surgery and aspirin desensitization on psychological burden in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第4期6卷 214-219页

作者： Tran Locke Auddie Sweis Theodore Lin Brian Sweis Patrick Gleeson Michael Kohanski nithin Adappa James Palmer John Bosso Deportment of Otolarynsology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Division of Otolaryngology NorthShore University Health SystemEvanstonILUSA Lewis Kotz School of Medicine Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Neuroscience University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Allersy Et Immunolosy University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Deportment of Otorhinolaryngology University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Background:Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease(AERD)is an aggressive inflammatory disorder of the upper and lower respiratory ***,leukotriene modifiers,endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS),aspirin(ASA)desensitization,and biological immu-nomodulators are currently used to treat the ***:The objective of this study was to determine the psychosocial impact of ESS and ASA desensitization on AERD ***:All AERD patients who underwent complete ESS were divided into two cohorts based on ASA desensitization *** psychosocial metrics of the SNOT-22 were collected and analyzed at the following time points:pre-operative,1-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month after ***:One hundred and eighty-four AERD patients underwent ESS from November 2009 to November *** this group,130 patients underwent ASA desensitization(AD cohort)and 54 patients remained non-desensitized(ND cohort).AD patients showed a significantly greater reduction in total SNOT-22 scores over the study period compared to ND patients(p=0.0446).Analysis of SNOT-22 psychosocial metrics showed a significantly greater improvement in patient productivity in the AD cohort when compared to the ND cohort(p=0.0214).Further,a sub-group analysis accounting for subject attrition showed a significantly greater improvement in both productivity and concentration in AD patients when compared to the ND cohort(productivity:p=0.0068;concentration:p=0.0428).Conclusions:ESS followed by ASA desensitization decreases the overall psychosocial burden in AERD patients with a significant improvement in perceived productivity and *** has significant implications given the psychosocial impact of chronic diseases.

关键词： Psychosocial domain AERD Aspirin desensitization Sinus surgery

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