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A Study on the VLF/LF Long Term Amplitude Oscillations Associated with Frequencies 37.5 kHz and 45.9 kHz Received at Keil Longwave Monitor, Keil, Germany

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第9期8卷 1080-1090页

作者： Govinda Sharma Keshav Prasad Kandel Balaram Khadka Peter Wilhelm Schnoor Karan Bhatta basu dev ghimire Aditya Singh Thapa St. Xavier’s College Kathmandu Nepal Nepalese Center for Research in Physical Sciences (NCRPS) Kathmandu Nepal Department of Physics St. Xavier’s College Kathmandu Nepal Keil Longwave Monitor Keil Germany

The middle and upper atmosphere of Earth displays many large-scale oscillations in several parameters. Of these oscillations, Atmospheric Oscillation (AO) and Semi-annual Oscillation (SAO) are prominent ones. In this work, we have analyzed the Very Low Frequency/Low Frequency (VLF/LF) data from two of the transmitters of frequency 45.9 kHz at NSY, Sicily, Italy and 37.5 kHz at Grindavik, Iceland. The selected Trasmitter-Receiver Great Circle Path (TRGCP) is middle latitude which is marine in case of Grindavik TRGCP and terrestrial in case of NSY TRGCP. The VLF/LF signals are bounced back and forth from D-layer of ionosphere (altitude at ~65 km during day and ~95 km during night) in Earth-ionospheric waveguide. This infers the presence of atmospheric oscillations as a consequence of change in ionization and recombination rates. Many works related to AO and SAO are mostly done only for equatorial region of the ionosphere and authors have reported the elegant dominancy of AO and SAO in the VLF/LF amplitude pattern over years. To our surprise, in our work it is seen that not only AO and SAO but also other oscillations are necessary to model the oscillation pattern of middle latitude ionosphere.

关键词： VLF/LF D-Layer SAO AO TRGCP NSY Grindavik

Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram Kumar Mahato Uttam ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal David T.S.Hayman Ajit Kumar Karna basu dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel Epidemiology and Disease Control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal Epidemiology and Disease Control Division-Malaria Program Management Unit- SCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal Leprosy Control & Disability Management Section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh Leprosy Hospital & Service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and Disease Studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the *** cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case *** operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt *** Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati *** detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of *** case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were *** New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population ***,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,*** leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly d

关键词： Leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

Epidemiology of dengue virus infections in Nepal, 2006-2019

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第2期10卷 89-89页

作者： Komal Raj Rijal Bipin Adhikari Bindu ghimire Binod Dhungel Uttam Raj Pyakurel Prakash Shah Anup Bastola Binod Lekhak Megha Raj Banjara basu dev Pandey Daniel MParker Prakash ghimire Central Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmanduNepal 不详

Background:Dengue is one of the newest emerging diseases in Nepal with increasing burden and geographic spread over the *** main objective of this study was to explore the epidemiological patterns of dengue since its ... 详细信息

关键词： Dengue DENV Aedes aegypti Outbreak Nepal Spatial epidemiology

Food Security in Nepal:An Overview from Policy Perspective

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2020年第3期10卷 103-109页

作者： basu dev Kaphle Govinda Rizal Shanta Karki Madhu Sudhan ghimire Madhu Maya Paudel Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock development Kathmandu 44600Nepal Tokha Tokha 8Kathmandu 44600Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu 44600Nepal

More than 20 countries including Nepal have the right to food enshrined in their *** article 36 of the constitution of Nepal-2015 broadly enlivens the essence of all the past,present and future policies of Nepal related to food security,food sovereignty,and food *** article and the essence of the constitution are in perfect synergy with the United Nations sustainable development ***’s policies on food,when implemented,are sufficient to guide the agricultural development to end hunger,achieve food security,improve nutrition,and promote *** challenge has been to learn a lesson from the past and focus on the implementation of the numerous guiding policies to achieve the goals of the constitution.

关键词： Food security food sovereignty policy sustainable development goals trade